Genç ve Yaşlı Dişi Köpeklerde Foliküler Morfolojinin Farklılıklarıve Anti Müllerien Hormon ile İlişkisi

Sunulan çalışmada genç ve yaşlı dişi köpeklerde, foliküler gelişimin farklı aşamalarında, foliküllerin yapısal morfolojik ve hücresel farklılıklarının ortaya konması, ovaryum follikül popülasyonunun Anti Müllerien Hormon (AMH) ile ilişkilerinin araştırılması ve bu hormonun genç ve yaşlı köpeklerdeki düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, materyalini 8 adet, 2 yaşında, genç (grup A) ve 8 adet, 8-10 yaş aralığında yaşlı olmak üzere (grup B) toplam 16 dişi köpek oluşturmuştur. Primordial, primer ve preantral folikül çapları grup B de grup A'ya göre daha yüksek ölçülürken sekunder folikül çapları yönünden gruplar arası fark istatistiki olarak önemsiz bulunmuştur. Grup A'da Sekunder foliküllerdeki granuloza hücreleri ortalama 91.65±2.23 adet preantral foliküllerde ise 301.31±4.16 adet sayılmıştır. Grup B'de ise bu değerler sırasıyla 89.46±2.68 ve 270.25±3.54 adet olarak kaydedilmiştir. Çalışmada serum AMH sonuçlarına bakıldığında Grup A' da bu değer ortalama 0.233±0.046 ng/mL tespit edilmiştir. Grup B'de ise bu ortalamanın 0.099±0.008 ng/mL'ye düştüğü gözlemlendi (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak köpeklerde artan yaş ile primordial ve primer folikül sayılarının ve özellikle sekunder ve preantral foliküllerdeki granuloza hücre sayılarının azalması ve AMH hormonunun da buna paralellik göstermesi, insanlarda fertilite parametresi olarak kullanılan AMH hormonunun köpeklerde de kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.This study aimed to investigate the structural, morphological and cellular differences of follicles at different stages of follicular development as well as to determine the correlation of the ovarian follicle population with serum Anti-M&uuml;llerian Hormone (AMH) levels in young and aged bithches. Sixteen bitches were divided into two groups according to their ages. Group A included young bitches aged 2 years (n=8) while Group B constituted of those aged 8 to 10 years (n=8). Diameters of the primordial, primary and preantral follicles were found to be significantly larger in Group B, in comparison to Group A. In Group A, the mean number of granulosa cells was 91.65&plusmn;2.23 in the secondary follicles and 301.31&plusmn;4.16 in the preantral follicles. In Group B, the same values were found to be 89.46&plusmn;2.68 and 270.25&plusmn;3.54, respectively. The mean serum AMH levels in Group A and Group B were 0.233&plusmn;0.046 ng/mL and 0.099&plusmn;0.008 ng/mL, respectively (P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, the results indicated that the number of primordial and primary follicles as well as the numbers of granulosa cells in secondary and preantral follicles decreased with advanced age which resulted in lower serum AMH levels in aged bitches. The results suggested that the AMH, which is used as a fertility parameter in humans, could also be used for the same purpose in dogs

The effect of intrauterine thyme essential oil and dimethyl sulfoxide infusion on clinical recovery and serum haptoglobin, tumor necrosis factor and nitric oxide levels in cows with clinical endometritis

Bu çalışmada, intrauterin kekik yağı ile dimetil sülfoksit (DMSO) uygulamasının endometritisin klinik iyileşmesi, serum haptoglobin (Hp), tümör nekrozis faktör (TNF) ve nitrik oksit (NO) düzeylerine etkisini belirlemek amaçlandı. Çalışmada klinik endometritisli 90 inek rastgele 3 gruba ayrıldı. Birinci gruptaki ineklere (GI; n=30) kekik esansiyel yağı (20 mL), 12 mL DMSO ve 88 mL distile su karıştırıldı ve karışım (120 mL) intrauterin olarak verildi. İkinci gruptaki ineklere (GII; n=30) 20 mL kekik esansiyel yağı 100 mL distile su içerisine eklendi ve intrauterin olarak verildi. Son gruptaki ineklere ise (GIII; n=30) 12 mL DMSO, 108 mL distile su ile karıştırıldıktan sonra intrauterin olarak verildi. Tedaviden 14 gün sonra rektal, ultrasonografik ve vaginoskobik muayene yapıldı. Tüm hayvanlardan tedaviden hemen önce ve tedaviden 14 gün sonra kan alındı. Kan serumlarda Hp, TNF ve NO düzeyleri ELISA ticari kitleri ile belirlendi. Tüm gruplarda Hp, TNF ve NO düzeylerinin tedavi öncesine göre önemli oranda düştüğü saptandı. Klinik iyileşme oranı en yüksek GI’de (%93,3) tespit edildi. GII’de %73,3, GIII’te ise %56,6 olarak belirlendi. Sonuç olarak, intrauterin kekik esansiyel yağ tedavisi ile DMSO verilmesinin endometritisin klinik iyileşmesi üzerine pozitif yönde katkı sağladığı belirlenmiştir.This study, it was aimed to determine the effect of the intrauterine infusion of thyme essential oil and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) on serum haptoglobin (Hp), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and on healing in cows with clinical endometritis. In the study, 90 cows with clinical endometritis were randomly assigned to three groups. Cows in the first group (GI, n=30) were treated with an intrauterine infusion of the 120 mL mixture prepared from 20 mL thyme essential oil, 12 mL of DMSO and 88 mL of distilled water. In the second group of cows (GII; n = 30), 20 mL of thyme essential oil was added into 100 mL of distilled water and given intrauterine. The cows in the last group (GIII; n=30) were given intrauterine after mixing 12 mL of DMSO with 108 mL of distilled water. Rectal, ultrasonographic and vaginoscopic examination were performed 14 days after the treatment. Blood was collected from all animals immediately before and 14 days after treatment. Hp, TNF and NO levels in blood serums were determined by the ELISA commercial kits method. Hp, TNF and NO levels decreased significantly after treatment in all groups. The clinical recovery rate was found to be at the highest GI (93.3%). It was determined as 73.3% in GII and 56.6% in GIII. As a result, it was determined that DMSO administration intrauterine together with thyme essential oil treatment contributed positively to the clinical improvement of endometritis

PGF2αPGF2\alpha ile senkronize adilen ivesi koyunlarında hava basıncı ile servikal sun'i tohumlamanın fertiliteye etkisi

Bu çalışmada, İvesi koyunlarda nativ sperma ile servikal sun’i tohumlama sırasında uygulanan hava basıncının fertilite üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Araştırmada, aşım sezonu içerisinde bulunan ve normal siklusa sahip toplam 60 baş İvesi koyun (2-5 yaşlı) kullanıldı. Tüm koyunlara bir PGF2? analoğunun kas içi iki dozunun 7 gün arayla uygulamasını içeren PG-7 gün protokolü uygulandı. Hayvanlar iki gruba ayrıldı. Birinci gruba (n=30) sevikal sun’i tohumla yapıldı. İkinci gruba (n=30) bir hava pompası aracılığıyla servikal sun’i tohumla gerçekleştirildi. Sun’i tohumlamalar ikinci PGF2? enjeksiyonundan 48 saat sonra yapıldı. Gebelikler sun’i tohumlamayı takiben 30. günde transrektal ultrasonografi ile belirlendi. Gebelik oranı, hava pompası ile yapılan servikal sun’i tohumlamada (APCAI), servikal sun’i tohumlamadan (CAI) daha yüksek bulundu (%80.0 karşılık %46.7) (P<0.01). Kuzulama oranı, hava pompası ile servikal sun’i tohumlamada, servikal sun’i tohumlama grubuna göre daha yüksek bulundu (%70.0, %46.7) ve tohumlama metodu kuzulama oranı üzerinde önemli etkiye sahip oldu (P<0.05). Koyun başına doğan kuzu oranı tohumlama metotlarından etkilenmedi (APCAI, 1.09; CAI, 1.14). Sonuç olarak, İvesi koyunlarında hava pompası ile servikal sun’i tohumlama, mekanizması tam olarak belirlenemese de klinik yönden gebelik oranını artırdığı kanaatine varıldı.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of air pressure on fertility during cervical artificial insemination with fresh semen in Awassi ewes. A total of 60 reproductively normal-cycling Awassi ewes (2-5 years old) were used in the experiment during the breeding season. All ewes were treated with the PG-7 days protocol consisting of two intramuscular doses of a PGF2&amp;#945; analogue administered 7 days apart. Animals were divided into two groups. The first group (n=30) was cervically inseminated (CAI). The second group (n=30) was cervically inseminated by means of an air pump (APCAI). Artificial inseminations were performed 48 h after the second PGF2&amp;#945; injection. Pregnancy was determined using ultrasonography on d 30 after AI. The pregnancy rate was found significantly higher in the APCAI group than in the CAI group (80.0% versus 46.7%) (P&lt;0.01). The lambing rate was found to be greater in the group cervically inseminated with an air pump than in the group cervically inseminated with the conventional method (70.0 versus 46.7%). The insemination method used had a significant effect on lambing rate (P&lt;0.05). Prolificacy was not affected by insemination methods (APCAI, 1.09; CAI, 1.14). It was concluded that cervical insemination with an air pump in Awassi ewes might improve clinical pregnancy rates by mechanisms yet to be defined

The Effect of Air Pressure with Cervical Artificial Insemination on the Fertility of Awassi Ewes Synchronized with PGF2 alpha

WOS: 000273756600007The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of air pressure on fertility during cervical artificial insemination with fresh semen in Awassi ewes. A total of 60 reproductively normal-cycling Awassi ewes (2-5 years old) were used in the experiment during the breeding season. All ewes were treated with the PG-7 days protocol consisting of two intramuscular doses of a PGF2 alpha analogue administered 7 days apart. Animals were divided into two groups. The first group (n=30) was cervically inseminated (CAI). The second group (n=30) was cervically inseminated by means of an air pump (APCAI). Artificial inseminations were performed 48 h after the second PGF2 alpha injection. Pregnancy was determined using ultrasonography on d 30 after AI. The pregnancy rate was found significantly higher in the APCAI group than in the CAI group (80.0% versus 46.7%) (P<0.01). The lambing rate was found to be greater in the group cervically inseminated with an air pump than in the group cervically inseminated with the conventional method (70.0 versus 46.7%). The insemination method used had a significant effect on lambing rate (P<0.05). Prolificacy was not affected by insemination methods (APCAI, 1.09; CAI, 1.14). It was concluded that cervical insemination with an air pump in Awassi ewes might improve clinical pregnancy rates by mechanisms yet to be defined

Aşım Sezonunda PGF2? ile Senkronize edilen İvesi Koyunlarında Bazı Fertilite Parametreleri Üzerine Rekombinant Luteinize Hormonun Etkisi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, İvesi koyunlarda, aşım sezonunda, östrus senkronizasyonu amacıyla 9 gün arayla çift doz prostaglandin (PGF2?) uygulamasını takiben 48 saat sonra üç farklı dozda rekombinant luteinizing hormonunun (rLH) üreme performansı üzerine etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmada; en az bir doğum yapmış toplam 80 baş İvesi koyun kullanıldı. Koyunlara 9 gün arayla i.m. yolla çift doz PGF2? (1.25 ml, 0.093 mg-D-Cloprostenol of per dose, Dalmazin®, Vetas,Turkey) enjeksiyonlarını takiben, rastgele 20 şerli gruplar halinde biri kontrol grubu olmak üzere dört eşit gruba ayrıldı. Son PGF2? uygulamalarından 48 saat sonra farklı dozlarda sırasıyla, Grup 1; 0,5., Grup 2; 7,5 ve Grup 3; 10 IU rLH İ.M enjekte edildi. Kontrol grubuna ise 1 ml serum fizyolojik uygulandı. Östruslar 48. saatten sonra araştırıldı. Östrus gösteren koyunlar; fertil İvesi koçlarından toplanan taze spermayla suni tohumlandı. Gebelikler, tohumlamayı takiben 40. günde transrektal ultrasonografi ile belirlendi. Koyunlarda östrus görülme oranları grup 1, 2, 3 ve kontrolde sırasıyla % 90.085.0; 80.0; 90.0. olarak tespit edildi. Gruplar arasında istatistiki açıdan bir fark bulunmadı. Gebelik oranları sırasıyla grup 1, 2, 3 ve kontrolde % 50.0;47.0; 50.0;50.0. olarak tespit edildi. Kuzulama oranları rLH uygulama gruplarında , kontrol grubunda ise % 100 olarak belirlendi. Tekil ve ikiz doğum oranları ise farklı rLH uygulama gruplarında ve kontrol grubunda benzer bulundu. Gruplar arasında gebelik, tekillik ve ikizlik oranları istatistiksel açıdan önemsiz bulundu. Sonuç olarak, aşım sezonu içerisinde bulunan İvesi koyunlara çift doz PGF2? uygulamaları takiben 48. saatte yapılan farklı dozlardaki rLH enjeksiyonları İvesi koyunlarında fertilite parametrelerini arttırmadığı kanaatine varıldıThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of three different doses of recombinant Luteinizing hormone (rLH), applied 48 hours after the second prostaglandin F2? (PGF2?) injection apart 9 days in oestrus synchronization on reproductive performance of Awassi ewes. Eighty purebred Awassi ewes given birth to at least one lamb were used. All ewes were treated with PGF2? consisting of two IM doses of a PGF2? analogue (1.25 ml, 0.093 mg–D-Cloprostenol of per dose, Dalmazin®, Vetas,Turkey) administered 9 days apart. Animals were the randomly allocated to four equal groups and 48 h later a single intramuscular (IM) dose of rLH (Group1 0.5 IU; Group 2, 7.5 IU; Group 3, 10 IU) control group was injected with 1 ml normal saline solution. The oestrus was controlled at 48 hours later. Artificial insemination was performed with fresh diluted semen collected from fertile Awassi rams after observing oestrus behaviors. The pregnancies were determined with transrectal ultrasonography at 40th day after artificial insemination. There were no statistically significant differences (P>0.05) between the treatment groups and the control group for estrus response (Group 1, 90.0 %; Group 2, 85.0 %; Group 3, 80.0 %; Control group, 90.0 %). Pregnancy rates were 50.0 %, 47.06%, 50.0 % and 50.0 % in groups 1, 2, 3 and the control group, respectively. Lambing rates in treatment groups (89, 100-%) were similar to control group (100 %). Lambing rates in Groups 1, 2, 3 and control group were 89.90 %, 100 %, 100 %, and 100 % respectively. Single birth rates and twinning rates in three different rLH groups were similar to control group. There were no statistically significant differences on the lambing rates, single and twinning rate among the treatment groups and control group. These results indicated that the three different doses of rLH after oestrus synchronization with PGF2? did not affect the fertility parameters in Awassi ewe

Effect of double GnRH injections on reproductive parameters in Awassi ewes receiving long-term progesterone

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of single or double Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) injections at the time of mating and following on day 9 on pregnancy rates and litter size in ewes. Oestrus was synchronized in 130 adult ewes using intravaginal sponges containing 20 mg of fluorogestone acetate for 14 days. All ewes received 10 IU/kg of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) at the sponge withdrawal. Then animals were divided into three groups. Ewes in group 1 (G1; Control, n = 68) received 1 ml placebo injection. In group 2 (G2; n = 30), ewes in oestrus were treated with 1 ml GnRH (4 μg/ml) at the time of mating. In group 3 (G3; n = 32), ewes were injected 1 ml GnRH not only at the time of mating but also on day 9 post-mating. There was significantly higher in duration of oestrus G1 compared with the G2 and G3. Pregnancy rate was found to be higher in G3 (96.0%) than in G1 (72.7%) and G2 (83.3%). The litter size was significantly higher for G3 (1.26 ± 0.14) in comparison with the G1 (1.18 ± 0.07) and G2 (1.22 ± 0.10). In conclusion, Post-mating GnRH injection enhanced the pregnancy rate and litter size, because of its beneficial effects on embriyo viability by increasing luteal formations

Effect of intrauterine infusion of Momordica charantia L. on oxidative stress and pregnancy rate in infertile cows

Introduction: The effect of intrauterine administration of Momordica charantia L. (MC) extract on oxidative changes and pregnancy rate in infertile cows was investigated

Differences in the Follicular Morphology of Young and Aged Bitches and Their Correlation with the Anti-Mullerian Hormone

PEKCAN, MERT/0000-0003-3084-125X; Polat, Mert/0000-0003-4029-1247WOS: 000378899800015This study aimed to investigate the structural, morphological and cellular differences of follicles at different stages of follicular development as well as to determine the correlation of the ovarian follicle population with serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) levels in young and aged bithches. Sixteen bitches were divided into two groups according to their ages. Group A included young bitches aged 2 years (n=8) while Group B constituted of those aged 8 to 10 years (n=8). Diameters of the primordial, primary and preantral follicles were found to be significantly larger in Group B, in comparison to Group A. In Group A, the mean number of granulosa cells was 91.65 +/- 2.23 in the secondary follicles and 301.31 +/- 4.16 in the preantral follicles. In Group B, the same values were found to be 89.46 +/- 2.68 and 270.25 +/- 3.54, respectively. The mean serum AMH levels in Group A and Group B were 0.233 +/- 0.046 ng/mL and 0.099 +/- 0.008 ng/mL, respectively (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results indicated that the number of primordial and primary follicles as well as the numbers of granulosa cells in secondary and preantral follicles decreased with advanced age which resulted in lower serum AMH levels in aged bitches. The results suggested that the AMH, which is used as a fertility parameter in humans, could also be used for the same purpose in dogs

Determination of thiol/disulphide homeostasis as a new indicator of oxidative stress in dairy cows with subclinical endometritis

The objective of this study was to determine thiol/disulphide homeostasis (TDH) in infertile cows with subclinical endometritis (SCE). Endometrial cytological samples were collected using a cytobrush to diagnose SCE in 36 infertile cows. According to the results of the cytology examination, those with acute endometritis were classified as Group I (n = 20) and those with chronic endometritis were classified as Group II (n = 16). A control group was formed of heifers as Group III (n = 20). Blood samples were taken from each group on the day of diagnosis (day 0) to analyse TDH. In the cytology examination, both the Giemsa method and immunocytochemical staining were applied to determine chronic inflammation and activity status. In 55.55% (20/36) of the infertile cows with cytological endometritis, the inflammation was determined to be active, and in 44.44% (16/36) it had become chronic. The native thiol and total thiol levels were found to be statistically significantly lower in the acute (206.54 +/- 8.30 mu mol/L; 227.11 +/- 9.30 mu mol/L) and chronic SCE cases (225.15 +/- 11.89 mu mol/L; 247.96 +/- 10.80 mu mol/L) compared to the heathy control group (308.47 +/- 13.59 mu mol/L; 336.83 +/- 15.5 mu mol/L respectively) (P0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of native thiol, which can be used in the diagnosis of SCE, was 92.8%, that of total thiol was 89.3% and that of disulphide was 64.3% according to the ROC curve analysis. These results demonstrate that TDH is a reliable and sensitive indicator of oxidative stress in cow SCE, and that abnormal TDH might play a role in SCE pathogenic mechanisms. This is the first study to evaluate thiol/disulphide homeostasis in dairy cows with SCE as a new indicator of oxidative stress