Three-Dimensional CFD Simulations of Hydrodynamics for the Lowland Dam Reservoir

This chapter deals with the processes by which a single-phase 3-D CFD model of hydrodynamics in a Sulejow dam reservoir was developed, verified, and tested. A simplified volume of fluid (VOF) model of flow was elaborated to determine the effect of wind on hydrodynamics in the lake. A hexahedral mesh with over 17 million elements and a k-ω SST turbulence model were defined for single-phase simulations in steady-state conditions. The model was verified on the basis of the extensive hydrodynamic measurements. Excellent agreement (average error of less than 10%) between computed and measured velocity profiles was found. The simulation results proved a strong effect of wind on hydrodynamics, especially on the development of the water circulation pattern in the lacustrine zone in the lake

State of threatened segetal species in the surrounding area of the Roztocze National Park

Wydano przy pomocy finansowej Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego oraz Komitetu Badań NaukowychIn this paper we analysed 409 phytosociological releves made under different soil circumstances in the surrounding area of the Roztocze National Park. This was a basis for determining a list of threatened segetal plant species in the area.Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę

Review of mathematical models of water quality

Water is one of the main elements of the environment which determine the existence of life on the Earth, affect the climate and limit the development of civilization. Water resources management requires constant monitoring in terms of its qualitative-quantitative values. Proper assessment of the degree of water pollution is the basis for conservation and rational utilization of water resources.Water quality in lakes and dams is undergoing continuous degradation caused by natural processes resulting from eutrophication and due to anthropogenic reasons. One of the tools that are used to solve problems of surface water pollution is modelling of changes which take place in lake waters and associated water quality changes. In the last thirty years a rapid development of mathematical modelling of water resources quality has been observed. A number of computer models have been designed which are successfully applied in practice in many countries, including Poland. This paper presents an overview of mathematical models for assessment of water quality in dam reservoirs. Description of the WASP program which will be used for modelling water quality in the Sulejów Reservoir was the focal point

"Dotknęła frędzli Jego płaszcza" (Łk 8,44) - Interpretacja zdania w świetle starożytnych świadectw biblijnych i pozabiblijnych

Touching Jesus’ garment by a woman suff ering from a twelve-year discharge of blood rendered an uncontrolled fl ow of power (δύναμις) from his body and cured her. Did the fact that the woman’s touch concerned this specifi c part of the robe of the Master of Nazareth have some meaning? Bearing in mind the law of wearing tassels upon the hem of the garment (Deut 22:12) as well as the prophecy from Zach 8:23, we follow the history and the meaning of this appendage to the garment. It is certain that tassels upon robes were not an idea that originated in Jewish culture. We find evidence of garments with this kind of adornment on two Minoan seal stones from around the 17th c. BC, Assyrian bas-reliefs (9th c. BC) and also on some Egyptian artefacts (starting from around 15th c. BC). They are visible as additions to the robes of both important people (king, priest) and deities. In many cultures, tassels upon the robe gave a special status to the person who wore them. They served as seals and as such they constituted an alter ego of a person. Touching or grasping the fringes of someone’s robe gave the owner an aff ection and gave him that person’s power. It seems that the Jews, to the pre-existing custom of wearing this ornament, added, following God’s command, a specifi cally Jewish order to put in the tassels a blue thread (Num 15:38). Wearing the fringes widened with a new dimension – they were supposed to remind people of God’s commandments and his presence. In the case of the sick woman touching Jesus and also in the passage of Matt 14:34–36, where the sick people ask whether they could touch “the fringes of his cloak” both dimensions (ethnic – power, and specifi cally Jewish – memory of God commandments) are significant.Touching Jesus’ garment by a woman suffering from a twelve-year discharge of blood rendered an uncontrolled flow of power (δύναμις) from his body and cured her. Did the fact that the woman’s touch concerned this specific part of the robe of the Master of Nazareth have some meaning? Bearing in mind the law of wearing tassels upon the hem of the garment (Deut 22:12) as well as the prophecy from Zach 8:23, we follow the history and the meaning of this appendage to the garment. It is certain that tassels upon robes were not an idea that originated in Jewish culture. We find evidence of garments with this kind of adornment on two Minoan seal stones from around the 17th c. BC, Assyrian bas-reliefs (9th c. BC) and also on some Egyptian artefacts (starting from around 15th c. BC). They are visible as additions to the robes of both important people (king, priest) and deities. In many cultures, tassels upon the robe gave a special status to the person who wore them. They served as seals and as such they constituted an alter ego of a person. Touching or grasping the fringes of someone’s robe gave the owner an affection and gave him that person’s power. It seems that the Jews, to the pre-existing custom of wearing this ornament, added, following God’s command, a specifi cally Jewish order to put in the tassels a blue thread (Num 15:38). Wearing the fringes widened with a new dimension – they were supposed to remind people of God’s commandments and his presence. In the case of the sick woman touching Jesus and also in the passage of Matt 14:34–36, where the sick people ask whether they could touch “the fringes of his cloak” both dimensions (ethnic – power, and specifically Jewish – memory of God commandments) are significant

Plant communities in arable fields of the Skierbieszów Landscape Park

Floristic research on segetal communities was carried out in 2000 on arable fields in the Skierbieszów Landscape Park and its protected zone. Three communities of segetal weeds in cereal crops, and two communities of segetal weeds in root crops were separated in the arable fields of the Skierbieszów Landscape Park. The community Vicietum tetraspermae typicum commonly occurred in cereal crops on brown soils developed from loess soils. The community Echinochloo-Setarietum, which belongs to root crops, was noted in the same habitat. The greatest richness of species was found in Consolido-Brometum and Lamio Veronicetum politae, with the average of 25 species in one record. Both communities were abundant in rare segetal species which are considered to be endangered in our country: Adonis aestivalis, Euphorbia exigua, Lathyrus tuberosus, Muscari comosum, Thlaspi perfoliatum, Veronica polita, Agrostemma githago

Comparative life cycle assessment of chemical and biocatalytic 2’3’-cyclic GMP-AMP synthesis

Life cycle assessments (LCAs) can provide insights into the environmental impact of production processes. In this study, a comparative LCA was performed for the synthesis of 2’3’-cyclic GMP-AMP (2’3’-cGAMP) in an early development stage. The cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) is of interest for pharmaceutical applications such as cancer immunotherapy. CDNs can be synthesized either by enzymes or chemical catalysis. It is not known which of the routes is more sustainable as both routes have their advantages and disadvantages, such as a poor yield for the chemical synthesis and low titers for the biocatalytic synthesis. The synthesis routes were compared for the production of 200 g 2’3’-cGAMP based on laboratory data to assess the environmental impacts. The biocatalytic synthesis turned out to be superior to the chemical synthesis in all considered categories by at least one magnitude, for example, a global warming potential of 3055.6 kg CO2 equiv. for the enzymatic route and 56454.0 kg CO2 equiv. for the chemical synthesis, which is 18 times higher. This study demonstrates the value of assessment at an early development stage, when the choice between different routes is still possible

Indukowane poronienie jako problem medyczny, psychologiczny i prawny

This study is an attempt to collect data concerning cases of abortions induced due to medical reasons. Although Polish legislation allows a possibility to terminate a pregnancy, information presented in literature still does not explain, in a clear and comprehensive way, what the indications for such medical procedures are.Praca ta jest próbą zebrania danych dotyczących przypadków poronień wywołanych z przyczyn medycznych. Chociaż polskie ustawodawstwo dopuszcza przerwanie ciąży, informacje przedstawione w literaturze nadal nie wyjaśniają w sposób jasny i wyczerpujący, jakie są wskazania do takich procedur medycznych

Induced miscarriage as a medical, psychological and legal problem

This study is an attempt to collect data concerning cases of abortions induced due to medical reasons. Although Polish legislation allows a possibility to terminate a pregnancy, information presented in literature still does not explain, in a clear and comprehensive way, what the indications for such medical procedures are.Praca ta jest próbą zebrania danych dotyczących przypadków poronień wywołanych z przyczyn medycznych. Chociaż polskie ustawodawstwo dopuszcza przerwanie ciąży, informacje przedstawione w literaturze nadal nie wyjaśniają w sposób jasny i wyczerpujący, jakie są wskazania do takich procedur medycznych

pi^- decay rates of p-shell hypernuclei revisited

Explicit expressions for the parity-violating s-wave and the parity-conserving p-wave contributions to pi- weak-decay rates of Lambda hypernuclei in the 1p shell are given in the weak-coupling limit, to update previous shell-model calculations and to compare with recent pi- spectra and total decay rates measured by the FINUDA Collaboration. A useful sum rule for the summed strength of Lambda_{1s} --> pi- + proton_{1p} weak decays is derived. Fair agreement between experiment and calculations is reached, using the primary s-wave amplitude and Cohen-Kurath nuclear wavefunctions. The role of the p-wave amplitude is studied in detail for Lambda-15N and found to be secondary. Previous assignments of ground-state spin-parity values are confirmed and a new assignment is made, spin-parity 3/2+ for Lambda-15N, based on the substantial suppression calculated here for spin-parity 1/2+.Comment: published version; new footnote 2 added in proof; related to recent FINUDA data, arXiv:0905.0623 [nucl-ex] submitted to Phys. Lett.