Survey of elderly leisure and its social factors

The present research has attempted to study the effect of social factors on elderly people's leisure considering the presence or absence of such characteristics as gender, age, education, marital status and type of house. This is a descriptive-analytic study and population is 400 elderly people in Kermanshah who were examined using questionnaires and by cluster sampling. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Finally, the T-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient were used in significant level 0/05% in Spss software. The findings suggest that many people were in the age group 60 to 75 years. According to the findings, %72 of participants were male and %28 female. In the study of literacy, 35 percent of respondents were illiterate, %29 percent were undergraduate students, %20 percent had diploma degree, 6% percent had diploma associate degree, %9 percent having bachelor degree and %1 percent having master of art degree. In terms of marital status, %84 were married and %16 were single. As for the type of house, 86/3 percent of homes lived in villas and 13/8 percent lived in an apartment home. Also the mean of variables of leisure time: going to parks, places of cultural, religious and sports, respectively are 4/39, 4/33, 3/86 and 3/80. These numbers indicate that the variables in population under survey are too high. Comparison of correlation coefficients shows that age and education variables have solidarity with all the aspects of leisure and shows a significant relationship. The results of the study demonstrate that in fact, collection of leisure programs is a fairly complete, goal-oriented and the most active in the field of Leisure elderly and if design and implementation of a comprehensive and detailed plan is acting at the national level the desired result will follow

Survey of elderly leisure and its social factors

The present research has attempted to study the effect of social factors on elderly people's leisure considering the presence or absence of such characteristics as gender, age, education, marital status and type of house. This is a descriptive-analytic study and population is 400 elderly people in Kermanshah who were examined using questionnaires and by cluster sampling. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Finally, the T-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient were used in significant level 0/05% in Spss software. The findings suggest that many people were in the age group 60 to 75 years. According to the findings, %72 of participants were male and %28 female. In the study of literacy, 35 percent of respondents were illiterate, %29 percent were undergraduate students, %20 percent had diploma degree, 6% percent had diploma associate degree, %9 percent having bachelor degree and %1 percent having master of art degree. In terms of marital status, %84 were married and %16 were single. As for the type of house, 86/3 percent of homes lived in villas and 13/8 percent lived in an apartment home. Also the mean of variables of leisure time: going to parks, places of cultural, religious and sports, respectively are 4/39, 4/33, 3/86 and 3/80. These numbers indicate that the variables in population under survey are too high. Comparison of correlation coefficients shows that age and education variables have solidarity with all the aspects of leisure and shows a significant relationship. The results of the study demonstrate that in fact, collection of leisure programs is a fairly complete, goal-oriented and the most active in the field of Leisure elderly and if design and implementation of a comprehensive and detailed plan is acting at the national level the desired result will follow

Intranasal Lidocaine for Primary Headache Management in Emergency Department; a Clinical Trial

Introduction: Most of the headache cases only require pain management in emergency department (ED). The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intranasal lidocaine in this regard. Method: In this clinical trial, adult patients with primary headache were randomly treated with 7.5 mg intravenous (IV) chlorpromazine and 1 ml intranasal lidocaine 2% (treatment) or normal saline 0.9% (placebo), and were compared 5, 15, and 30 minutes later regarding success rate using SPSS 21. Result: 100 patients were assigned to either treatment or placebo group. Number needed to treat of intranasal lidocaine at 5, 15, and 30 minutes were 4 (95% CI: 2.2 – 6.6), 3 (95% CI: 1.7 – 3.5), and 4 (95% CI: 2.3 – 15.9), respectively. These measures for absolute risk reduction were 30 (95% CI: 15.2 – 44.8), 44 (95% CI: 28.7 – 59.3), and 26 percent (95% CI: 6.3 – 44.3), respectively. Pain relapse occurred in 16% of treatment and 11% of control group within 1 hour of treatment (p = 0.402). Conclusion: It seems that, intranasal lidocaine along with IV chlorpromazine could result in more successful and faster management of primary headaches in ED.

A study of the lower gastrointestinal tract cancer with emphasis on gender and age of the patients in western Iran (Kermanshah) over 2006-2011

Given that the incidence of cancers in the coming years will have a growing trend due to the increased average age of the world's population, the partial control of communicable diseases, and the rapid growth of the environmental risk factors. The present work was a descriptive, comparative and analytical study. The statistical population consisted of all patients residing in Kermanshah who had been suffering from the lower gastrointestinal tract cancer for five years. The results of the present study revealed that 46.10% were male, and 53.90% were female. Further, the results indicated that the age of patients and the intensity of cancer differentiation were significantly correlated.It seemed that the lack of early diagnosis would ensue from a lack of periodic screening programs at early ages and lack of forums in which specialists could get together due to the unavailability of comparative statistics.Keywords: Cancer, Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Western Iran, Kermanshah Cit

بررسی وضعیت سلامت معنوی دانشجویان پردیس خودگردان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه در سال 1395

Background and Objective: Spiritual well-being is regarded both as one of the major dimensions of health among human beings and a prominent approach to improving public health. So, given the significance of this aspect of health, the present study aimed to Examining the status of spiritual health among students at the autonomous campus of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2016. Method: In this descriptive and analytical study, the statistical population comprised 346 students at the autonomous campus, Dentistry and Pharmaceuticals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2016, and all of them were selected by census method in the study. For data collection, the 20-item spiritual well-being scale by Paloutzian & Ellison (1982) was utilized. To analyze data, the t-test and ANOVA were employed. All ethical issues were observed. Moreover, the authors did not report conflict of interest. Results: The results of the present study revealed that the spiritual well-being of students was average (71.86±4.84), and of all demographic variables under study, only the variable of gender was correlated with the mean score of spiritual well-being. Furthermore, the students’ scores of religious well-being measured higher than that of their existential well-being. Conclusion: According to the dominant religious culture in Iranian society, expected influences of religious as a compatibility source is normal. Therefore, it is necessary for the protection of young people pay attention to their spiritual dimension, to witness the impact of such care and create a sense of peace and healing in patients.   Please cite this article as: Ziapour A, Kianipour N, Saeidi Sh, Zangeneh A. Examining the status of spiritual health among students at the autonomous campus of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2016. J Res Relig Health. 2017; 3(2): 8- 19.سابقه و هدف: سلامت معنوی، یکی از بُعدهای مهم سلامت در انسان و رویکردی مهم در ارتقای سلامت عمومی محسوب می­شود. با توجه به اهمیت نقش این بُعد سلامت، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی وضعیت سلامت معنوی دانشجویان پردیس خودگردان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه در سال 1395 صورت گرفته است روش کار: این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی است. جامعه­ی پژوهش شامل 346 نفر از دانشجویان پردیس خودگردان (پزشکی، دندانپزشکی و داروسازی) دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه در سال 95 است، که به­روش سرشماری انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع­آوری داده­ها پرسش­نامه­ی 20 سؤالی استاندارد معنوی (alutzian-Elison) بود. داده­ها پس از جمع­آوری با استفاده از آزمون پارامتریک T-test و نیز آزمون تحلیل واریانس، تجزیه و تحلیل شد. در این پژوهش همه‌ی موارد اخلاقی رعایت شده است. علاوه‌براین، نویسندگان مقاله هیچ‌گونه تضاد منافعی گزارش نکرده‌اند. یافته‌ها: یافته­ها نشان داده که از بین متغیّرهای جمعیت­شناختی (جنس، سن، محل تولد، وضعیت تأهل، وضعیت مسکن، ترم و رشته­ی تحصيلي) فقط متغیّر جنس با میانگین نمره­ی سلامت معنوی ارتباط معناداری دارد و نمره­ی سلامت مذهبی دانشجویان بالاتر از نمره­ی سلامت وجودی آنان است. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به فرهنگ غالب مذهبی در جامعه­ی ایرانی، انتظار تأثیرهای مذهبی که منبع سازگاری محسوب می­شود، طبیعی است. ازاین­رو، ضرورت دارد که در حمایت از جوانان به بُعد معنوی آنان توجه شود، تا شاهد تأثیر این­گونه مراقبت­ها و ایجاد احساس آرامش و تسریع بهبودی در بیماران باشیم.   استناد مقاله به این صورت است: Ziapour A, Kianipour N, Saeidi Sh, Zangeneh A. Examining the status of spiritual health among students at the autonomous campus of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2016. J Res Relig Health. 2017; 3(2): 8- 19

Relationship between Attachment Styles and Parenting Styles with Self-Esteem in Dyslexic Children of Kermanshah City, Iran

Background Dyslexia refers to children's disorder in reading. The most psychologists consider dyslexia merely as a sign of a special disorder in the process of reading instruction which is an important factor to lower the confidence of these children. We aimed to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and parenting styles with self-esteem in elementary dyslexic girl students. Materials and Methods At a cross-sectional study, the study samples included elementary dyslexic girl students in Kermanshah Center of Learning Disorders No.2, Kermanshah city (Iran); and 116 elementary dyslexic girl students selected by available sampling method. The tools used in this study included Cooper's Self-esteem questionnaire, Attachment Scale (RASS), and Parenting Styles Questionnaire. Children completed the self-esteem and attachment scale questionnaires and parents answered the parenting styles scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0  Results: The mean of self-esteem in elementary dyslexic girl students was 28.84±13.06 (ranged 0-50), attachment styles were 27.87 ± 6.41(ranged 0-90), and parenting styles were 29.12 ± 8.67 (ranged 0-150). There was a significant positive correlation between self-esteem with ambivalent attachment style (r=0.28), and easy-going parenting styles (r=0.27), and rational authority parenting styles (r=0.21) at level p Conclusion According to the results, there was a positive correlation between ambivalent attachment style, easy-going parenting styles and rational authority with self-esteem, and these variables have the ability to predict self-esteem in elementary dyslexic girl students

Examining the status of spiritual health among students at the autonomous campus of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2016

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objective: Spiritual well-being is regarded both as one of the major dimensions of health among human beings and a prominent approach to improving public health. So, given the significance of this aspect of health, the present study aimed to Examining the status of spiritual health among students at the autonomous campus of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2016.Method: In this descriptive and analytical study, the statistical population comprised 346 students at the autonomous campus, Dentistry and Pharmaceuticals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2016, and all of them were selected by census method in the study. For data collection, the 20-item spiritual well-being scale by Paloutzian & Ellison (1982) was utilized. To analyze data, the t-test and ANOVA were employed. All ethical issues were observed. Moreover, the authors did not report conflict of interest.Results: The results of the present study revealed that the spiritual well-being of students was average (71.86±4.84), and of all demographic variables under study, only the variable of gender was correlated with the mean score of spiritual well-being. Furthermore, the students’ scores of religious well-being measured higher than that of their existential well-being.Conclusion: According to the dominant religious culture in Iranian society, expected influences of religious as a compatibility source is normal. Therefore, it is necessary for the protection of young people pay attention to their spiritual dimension, to witness the impact of such care and create a sense of peace and healing in patients.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here

Evidence of metabolic mechanisms playing a role in multiple insecticides resistance in Anopheles stephensi populations from Afghanistan.

Background Malaria is endemic in most parts of Afghanistan and insecticide-based vector control measures are central in controlling the disease. Insecticide resistance in the main malaria vector Anopheles stephensi from Afghanistan is increasing and attempts should be made to determine the underlying resistance mechanisms for its adequate management. Methods The contents of cytochrome P450s, esterases, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activities were measured in the Kunar and Nangarhar populations of An. stephensi from Afghanistan and the results were compared with those of the susceptible Beech strain using the World Health Organization approved biochemical assay methods for adult mosquitoes. Results The cytochrome P450s enzyme ratios were 2.23- and 2.54-fold in the Kunar and Nangarhar populations compared with the susceptible Beech strain. The enzyme ratios for esterases with alpha-naphthyl acetate were 1.45 and 2.11 and with beta-naphthyl acetate were 1.62 and 1.85 in the Kunar and Nangarhar populations respectively compared with the susceptible Beech strain. Esterase ratios with para-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA) were 1.61 and 1.75 in the Kunar and Nangarhar populations compared with the susceptible Beech strain. The GSTs enzyme ratios were 1.33 and 1.8 in the Kunar and Nangarhar populations compared with the susceptible Beech strain. The inhibition of AChE was 70.9 in the susceptible Beech strain, and 56.7 and 51.5 in the Kunar and Nangarhar populations. The differences between all values of the enzymes activities/contents and AChE inhibition rates in the Kunar and Nangarhar populations were statistically significant when compared with those of the susceptible Beech strain. Conclusions Based on the results, the reported resistance to pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides, and tolerance to bendiocarb in the Kunar and Nangarhar populations of An. stephensi from Afghanistan are likely to be caused by a range of metabolic mechanisms, including esterases, P450s and GSTs combined with target site insensitivity in AChE

The effect of education based on health belief model on promoting preventive behaviors of hypertensive disease in staff of the Iran University of Medical Sciences

Background: Hypertension is one of the major causes of many diseases, such as heart attack, strokes, kidney failure, and many internal disorders. This presentresearch study aimed to investigate the impact of educational programs based on the health belief model to promote hypertension prevention behavior of Iran University of Medical Sciences staff. Methods: This study has incorporated pretest-posttest quasi-experimental based on 128 staff members and randomly assigned the recruited and involved participants to an intervention (n = 64) and a control group (n = 64). The data collection tool was based on a questionnaire related to health belief model constructs based on 42 questions. The study interpreted the results using ANCOVA and robust ANCOVA as suitable approaches. Results: ANCOVA showed improvement in the cues to participants� action following educational interventional (p = 0.011). the robust ANCOVA specified that the intervention was successful for participants with low to moderate initial levels of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy scores. The levels of these components did not change in participants with very high baseline scores. Compared to a control group, regardless of baseline score, the perceived benefits and practice (behavior) of participants at the intervention group were improved significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This current study specified that the education-based health belief model effectively promotes hypertension preventive behaviors among Iran University of Medical Sciences staff. © 2021, The Author(s)