The rate of hypo-osmotic challenge influences regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and mechanical properties of articular chondrocytes

Zhao Wang is funded on a China Scholarships PhD Studentship. Jerome Irianto was supported on a project grant from The Wellcome Trust (ref no. 084717)

The gentle grip of a helping hand

Using NMR spectroscopy, Zhao and colleagues, in this issue, have modeled the short-lived complex formed between the MT1-MMP hemopexin domain and a synthetic triple-helical collagen mimetic. Their model is consistent with two alternative mechanisms for the breakdown of collagen by the enzyme

Richmond Competition Recital: Kyra Xuerong Zhao, September 13, 2017

This is the concert program of the Richmond Competition Recital: Kyra Xuerong Zhao on Wednesday, September 13, 2017 at 6:00 p.m., at the Tsai Performance Center, 685 Commonwealth Avenue. Works performed were No. 3, 6, and 10 from Musica Ricercata by György Ligeti, No. 11 Pour les arpèges composés, No. 7 Pour les derés chromatiques, and No. 5 Pour les Octaves from Douze Etudes L. 136 by Claude Debussy, Sonata No. 17 in D minor, Op. 31 No. 2 by Ludwig van Beethoven, Sonata No. 21 in C major, Op. 53 by L. v. Beethoven, and Polonaise from Eugene Onegin Op. 24 by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, arranged by Franz Liszt. Digitization for Boston University Concert Programs was supported by the Boston University Humanities Library Endowed Fund

Multiagent model and mean field theory of complex auction dynamics

Acknowledgements We are grateful to Ms Yinan Zhao for providing the data and to Yuzhong Chen and Cancan Zhou for discussions and suggestions. This work was supported by ARO under Grant No. W911NF-14-1-0504 and by NSFC under Grants Nos. 11275003 and 61174165. The visit of QC to Arizona State University was partially sponsored by the State Scholarship Fund of China.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Regulating stepping during fixed-speed and self-paced treadmill walking

textBackground: Treadmill walking should closely simulate overground walking for research validation and optimal skill transfer. Traditional fixed-speed treadmill (FS) walking may not simulate natural walking because of the fixed belt speed and lack of visual cues. Self-paced (SP) treadmill walking, especially feedback controlled SP treadmill walking, enables close-to-real-time belt speed changes with users' speed changes. Different sensitivity levels of SP treadmill feedback determine how fast the treadmill respond to user's speed change. Few studies have examined the differences between FS and SP treadmill walking, or the difference between sensitivity levels of SP treadmills, and their methods were questionable because of averaging kinematics and kinetics parameters, and failing to examine directly treadmill and subjects' speed data. This study compared FS with two SP modes with variation of treadmill speed and user's speed as dependent variables. Method: Thirteen young healthy subjects participated. Subjects walked on a motorized split-belt treadmill under FS, high sensitivity SP (SP-H) and low sensitivity SP (SP-L) conditions at normal walking speed. Root mean square error (RMSE) for subject's pelvis global speed (Vpg), pelvis speed with respect to treadmill speed (Vpt), and treadmill speed (Vtg) data were collected for all trials. Results: Significant condition effects were found between FS and the two SP modes in all RMSE values (p < 0.001). The two sensitivity levels of SP had similar speed patterns. Large subject × condition interaction effects were found for all variables (p < 0.001). Only small subject effects were found. Conclusions: The results of the study reveal different walking patterns between FS and SP. However, the two sensitivity levels failed to differ much. More habituation time may be needed for subjects to learn to optimally respond to the SP algorithm. Future work should include training subjects for more natural responses, applying a feed-forward algorithm, and testing the effect of optic flow on FS and SP speed variation.Kinesiology and Health Educatio

KONFLIK SOSIAL TOKOH UTAMA王薄Wang Bo DALAM FILM 《天下无贼》TianXia Wu Zei KARYA 赵本夫Zhao BenFu (KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA)

KONFLIK SOSIAL TOKOH UTAMA王薄Wang Bo DALAM FILM 《天下无贼》TianXia Wu Zei KARYA 赵本夫Zhao BenFu (KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA Bentuk karya sastra ada tiga yaitu prosa, puisi dan drama. Seperti halnya drama, film memiliki pengertian yang hampir sama yaitu merupakan salah satu karya sastra yang mengungkapkan cerita melalui dialog para tokoh. Melalui para tokoh, seorang pengarang menyampaikan permasalahan melalui luapan emosi. Permasalahan yang dimaksud berupa permasalahan yang berhubungan dengan konflik sosial seorang tokoh. Seperti yang terdapat pada film《天下无贼》Tianxia Wu Zei karya (赵本夫) Zhao Benfu. Film ini menggambarkan bentuk konflik sosial, penyebab konflik, dan penyelesaian konflik sosial yang dialami para tokoh. Hal inilah yang menjadi dasar dari penelitian ini. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada tiga rumusan masalah yaitu; 1) Bagaimana bentuk-bentuk konflik sosial yang terjadi pada tokoh 王薄W&aacute;ng B&ograve; dalam film 《天下无贼》Tianxia Wu Zei karya (赵本夫) Zhao Benfu; 2) Bagaimana penyebab konflik sosial yang terjadi pada tokoh 王薄Wang Bo dalam film 《天下无贼》Tianxia Wu Zei karya (赵本夫) Zhao Benfu; 3) Bagaimana teknik penyelesaian konflik sosial yang terjadi pada tokoh 王薄W&aacute;ng B&ograve; dalam film 《天下无贼》Tianxia Wu Zei karya (赵本夫) Zhao Benfu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah film《天下无贼》Tiānxi&agrave; W&uacute; Z&eacute;i karya (赵本夫) Zhao Benfu. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa monolog, kutipan-kutipan dialog, serta tingkah laku yang menggambarkan konflik sosial. Hasil penelitian ini meliputi : 1) bentuk konflik sosial sebanyak 16 data yang dialami tokoh utama 王薄Wang Bo dengan tokoh-tokoh yang lain berupa konflik sosial bentuk realistis; 2) penyebab konflik sosial sebanyak 16 data yang dialami tokoh utama 王薄Wang Bo dengan tokoh-tokoh yang lain berupa adanya perselisihan mengenai nilai-nilai atau tuntutan-tuntutan berkenaan dengan status sebanyak 8 data, sumber-sumber kekayaan yang persediaannya tidak mencukupi sebanyak 8 data ; 3) penyelesaian konflik sosial sebanyak 15 data yang dialami tokoh utama王薄Wang Bo dengan tokoh-tokoh yang lain berupa; a) bertanding sebanyak 6 data; b) mengalah sebanyak 2 data; c) penghindaran sebanyak 1 data; d) kompromi sebanyak 6 data. Kata kunci : Konflik sosial, Tokoh Utama, Sosiologi Sastra, and Film. ABSTRACT There are three literature works, prose, poetry and drama. Similar to drama, movie is defined as one of literature works telling a story through characters&rsquo; dialog. By using characters, an author depicts a conflict through an overflow of emotion. The conflict intended in this case is social conflict of the main character. It occurs in《天下无贼》Tiānxi&agrave; W&uacute; Z&eacute;i movie by (赵本夫) Zhao Benfu. The movie portrays a social conflict, its cause, and its resolution experienced by the characters. Thus, those are becoming the consideration of this study. This study will focus on three research questions; 1) What kinds of social conflict that are experienced by王薄W&aacute;ng B&ograve; in《天下无贼》Tiānxi&agrave; W&uacute; Z&eacute;i movie created by (赵本夫) Zhao Benfu; 2) What are the causes of social conflict experienced by王薄W&aacute;ng B&ograve; in《天下无贼》Tiānxi&agrave; W&uacute; Z&eacute;i movie created by (赵本夫) Zhao Benfu; 3) What are the techniques used to solve the social conflict experienced by 王薄W&aacute;ng B&ograve; in 《天下无贼》Tiānxi&agrave; W&uacute; Z&eacute;i movie created by (赵本夫) Zhao Benfu. The method used for this study is descriptive qualitative that uses sociology of literature approach. The source of data is 《天下无贼》Tiānxi&agrave; W&uacute; Z&eacute;i movie by (赵本夫) Zhao Benfu. The data consist of monolog, dialog excerpt, as well as the behavior which portrays the social conflict. The result of this study is 16 data of social conflicts experienced by the main character, 王薄W&aacute;ng B&ograve;, together with the other characters that is included into realistic social conflict. 16 data of social conflict causes experienced by the main character, 王薄W&aacute;ng B&ograve; and the other characters are divided into 8 data of conflicts regarding values and demands of status and 8 data of conflicts regarding source of wealth that does not fulfill the necessity. Furthermore, there are 15 data of conflicts experienced by the main character, 王薄W&aacute;ng B&ograve; and the other characters that can be divided into; a) 6 data for battle; b) 2 data for conceding; c) 1 data for avoidance; 4) 6 data for compromise. Key Terms : Social Conflict, Main Character, Sociology of Literature, and Movie

Mathieu-Zhao Subspaces of Burnside Algebras of Some Finite Groups

In 2010, W. Zhao introduced the notion of a Mathieu subspace as a common framework for study of the Jacobian conjecture and related topics. As a generalization of ideals, Mathieu subspaces provide a new viewpoint to investigate the structure of associative algebras and rings. In this paper, we classify Mathieu subspaces of the Burnside algebras $\mathscr{B}_k(G)$ and $\mathscr{B}_k(D_{2p})$ where $k$ is a field of characteristic $p \u3e 0$, $G = H \times K$ for a $p$-group $H$ and a $p\u27$-group $K$, and $D_{2p}$ is the dihedral group of order $2p$ (for $p$ odd)

Defining failed induction of labor

BACKGROUND: While there are well-accepted standards for the diagnosis of arrested active-phase labor, the definition of a "failed" induction of labor remains less certain. One approach to diagnosing a failed induction is based on the duration of the latent phase. However, a standard for the minimum duration that the latent phase of a labor induction should continue, absent acute maternal or fetal indications for cesarean delivery, remains lacking. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes as a function of the duration of the latent phase among nulliparous women undergoing labor induction. METHODS: This study is based on data from an obstetric cohort of women delivering at 25 U.S. hospitals from 2008-2011. Nulliparous women who had a term singleton gestation in the cephalic presentation were eligible for this analysis if they underwent a labor induction. Consistent with prior studies, the latent phase was determined to begin once cervical ripening had ended, oxytocin was initiated and rupture of membranes (ROM) had occurred, and was determined to end once 5 cm dilation was achieved. The frequencies of cesarean delivery, as well as of adverse maternal (e.g., cesarean delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, chorioamnionitis) and perinatal outcomes (e.g., a composite frequency of either seizures, sepsis, bone or nerve injury, encephalopathy, or death), were compared as a function of the duration of the latent phase (analyzed with time both as a continuous measure and categorized in 3-hour increments). RESULTS: A total of 10,677 women were available for analysis. In the vast majority (96.4%) of women, the active phase had been reached by 15 hours. The longer the duration of a woman's latent phase, the greater her chance of ultimately undergoing a cesarean delivery (P<0.001, for time both as a continuous and categorical independent variable), although more than forty percent of women whose latent phase lasted for 18 or more hours still had a vaginal delivery. Several maternal morbidities, such as postpartum hemorrhage (P < 0.001) and chorioamnionitis (P < 0.001), increased in frequency as the length of latent phase increased. Conversely, the frequencies of most adverse perinatal outcomes were statistically stable over time. CONCLUSION: The large majority of women undergoing labor induction will have entered the active phase by 15 hours after oxytocin has started and rupture of membranes has occurred. Maternal adverse outcomes become statistically more frequent with greater time in the latent phase, although the absolute increase in frequency is relatively small. These data suggest that cesarean delivery should not be undertaken during the latent phase prior to at least 15 hours after oxytocin and rupture of membranes have occurred. The decision to continue labor beyond this point should be individualized, and may take into account factors such as other evidence of labor progress