Performance Analysis of Doubly Excited Brushless Generator with Outer Rotor for Wind Power Application

In this paper, a novel doubly excited brushless generator (DEBG) with outer radial laminated magnetic barrier rotor (RLMB-rotor) for wind power application was designed and analyzed. The DEBG has 10 rotor pole numbers with outer rotor. Its performance was investigated using the 2D transient finite element method. The magnetic fields, torque capability, end winding voltage characteristics, radial magnetic force and energy efficiency were analyzed. All studies in this paper show that the simplicity, reliability, high efficiency and low vibration and noise of the DEBG with outer rotor were attractive for variable speed constant frequency (VSCF) wind power generation system

Suicidality and epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the association between epilepsy and suicidality, including suicidal ideation, attempts and completed suicide.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Online Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov from 1946 to June 21, 2021 and assessed the quality of the studies using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. We calculated the pooled OR and the crude rate for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and completed suicide in patients with epilepsy (PWE).ResultsWe screened 2,786 studies and included 88 articles with 1,178,401 PWE and 6,900,657 participants as controls. Search terms included epilepsy and suicide. The pooled rates of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and completed suicide in PWE were 19.73% (95% CI: 17.00–22.62%), 5.96% (95% CI: 4.82–7.20%), and 0.24% (95% CI: 0.11–0.42%), respectively. Compared to the control group, PWE were at a significantly higher risk of total suicidality (pooled OR, 2.60; 95%: 2.13–3.18), including suicidal ideation (pooled OR, 2.70; 95% CI, 2.21–3.30), suicide attempts (pooled OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 2.08–3.61) and completed suicide (pooled OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.45–3.83). Subgroup analyses showed significant differences in the subgroups of the measurement of suicidality.ConclusionThe rate of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and completed suicide in PWE were about 19.73, 5.96, and 0.24%. And there was an increased risk of suicidality in PWE especially temporal lobe epilepsy and drug-resistant epilepsy. Clinicians need to be aware of this risk in PWE with early identification and prevention at the time of diagnosis.Protocol Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021278220

Hollow Mesoporous Silica Supported Ruthenium Nanoparticles: A Highly Active and Reusable Catalyst for H 2

Ru nanoparticles supported on hollow mesoporous silica (HMS), which are prepared via in situ wet chemical reduction, have been investigated as the highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst for H2 generation from the hydrolysis of an alkaline NaBH4 solution. Many techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), are used to characterize the as-prepared nanocatalyst (Ru/HMS). Factors, such as Ru loadings in HMS, catalyst concentration, and solution temperature, on catalytic property and reutilization are investigated in this work. A rate of H2 generation as high as 18.6 L min−1 g−1 (Ru) using 1 wt% NaBH4 solution containing 3 wt% NaOH and 40 mg of Ru/HMS catalyst can be reached at room temperature. The minimum apparent activation energy (Ea) of H2 generation, obtained by fitting the curve of Ea values versus catalyst amount, is determined to be 46.7 ± 1 kJ/mol. The residual catalytic activity of the repeated Ru/HMS still remains 47.7% after 15 runs, which perhaps results from the incorporation of the residual by-product (NaBO2) in the pores of HMS based on the analysis of XPS

Engineering two-dimensional metal oxides and chalcogenides for enhanced electro- and photocatalysis

Two-dimensional (2D) metal oxides and chalcogenides (MOs & MCs) have been regarded as a new class of promising electro- and photocatalysts for many important chemical reactions such as hydrogen evolution reaction, CO2 reduction reaction and N2 reduction reaction in virtue of their outstanding physicochemical properties. However, pristine 2D MOs & MCs generally show the relatively poor catalytic performances due to the low electrical conductivity, few active sites and fast charge recombination. Therefore, considerable efforts have been devoted to engineering 2D MOs & MCs by rational structural design and chemical modification to further improve the catalytic activities. Herein, we comprehensively review the recent advances for engineering technologies of 2D MOs & MCs, which are mainly focused on the intercalation, doping, defects creation, facet design and compositing with functional materials. Meanwhile, the relationship between morphological, physicochemical, electronic, and optical properties of 2D MOs & MCs and their electro- and photocatalytic performances is also systematically discussed. Finally, we further give the prospect and challenge of the field and possible future research directions, aiming to inspire more research for achieving high-performance 2D MOs & MCs catalysts in energy storage and conversion fields

miR‐155 promotes macrophage pyroptosis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis through regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to detect pyroptosis in macrophages stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis and elucidate the mechanism by which P. gingivalis induces pyroptosis in macrophages.MethodsThe immortalized human monocyte cell line U937 was stimulated with P. gingivalis W83. Flow cytometry was carried out to detect pyroptosis in macrophages. The expression of miR‐155 was detected by real‐time PCR and inhibited using RNAi. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 1, cleaved GSDMD, caspase (CAS)‐1, caspase‐11, apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein (ASC), and NOD‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) were detected by Western blotting, and IL‐1β and IL‐18 were detected by ELISA.ResultsThe rate of pyroptosis in macrophages and the expression of miR‐155 increased upon stimulation with P. gingivalis and pyroptosis rate decreased when miR‐155 was silenced. GSDMD‐NT, CAS‐11, CAS‐1, ASC, NLRP3, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 levels increased, but SOCS1 decreased in U937 cells after stimulated with P. gingivalis. These changes were weakened in P. gingivalis‐stimulated U937 macrophages transfected with lentiviruses carrying miR‐155 shRNA compared to those transfected with non‐targeting control sequence. However, there was no significant difference in ASC expression between P. gingivalis‐stimulated shCont and shMiR‐155 cells.ConclusionsPorphyromonas gingivalis promotes pyroptosis in macrophages during early infection. miR‐155 is involved in this process through regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152887/1/odi13198_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152887/2/odi13198.pd

Cyclostratigraphy of Lower Permian alkaline lacustrine deposits in the Mahu Sag, Junggar basin and its stratigraphic implication

The Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation of the Mahu Sag is one of the most potentially petroliferous sequences in China, and its unique alkaline lacustrine deposits provide important information on the paleoclimate and paleoenvironment of the early Permian. However, because of the complexity of the heterogeneous lithology and sedimentary facies in lacustrine deposits, the lateral correlation of lithofacies becomes challenging. Using cyclostratigraphy, we conducted a detailed astronomical cycle analysis of the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation in the northern Mahu Sag, established an astronomical time scale, and constructed an isochronous sedimentary framework by collating the cycles of the different wells. Nine 405-kyr long-eccentricity cycles in the Fengcheng Formation were identified, and absolute astronomical time scales were established with the anchored point at ∼300 Ma in the Lower member of the Fengcheng Formation. Based on the identification of lithofacies, the spatio-temporal variation in the lithofacies within the Fengcheng Formation was reconstructed. The astronomical time scale has proven to be reliable, and the lithofacies distribution within the isochronal framework is effective for investigating the spatial variation of lithofacies in alkaline lacustrine deposits. Favorable dolomitic mudstones developed in the central and transitional zones, corresponding to the three long-eccentricity cycles in the middle member of the Fengcheng Formation. Tuffaceous mudstones with high potential mainly developed in the lower member of the Fengcheng Formation in the marginal zone of the Mahu Sag. This study demonstrates an approach that can be used to study lithofacies in lacustrine deposits

Prognostic Significance of miR-181b and miR-21 in Gastric Cancer Patients Treated with S-1/Oxaliplatin or Doxifluridine/Oxaliplatin

Background: The goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of S-1/Oxaliplatin vs. Doxifluridine/Oxaliplatin regimen and to identify miRNAs as potential prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer patients. The expression of candidate miRNAs was quantified from fifty-five late stage gastric cancer FFPE specimens. Experimental Design: Gastric cancer patients with KPS>70 were recruited for the trial. The control group was treated with 400 mg/twice/day Doxifluridine plus i.v. with Oxaliplatin at 130 mg/m 2/first day/4 week cycle. The testing group was treated with S-1 at 40 mg/twice/day/4 week cycle plus i.v. with Oxaliplatin at 130 mg/m 2/first day/4 week cycle. Total RNAs were extracted from normal and gastric tumor specimens. The levels of miRNAs were quantified using real time qRT-PCR expression analysis. Results: The overall objective response rate (CR+PR) of patients treated with S-1/Oxaliplatin was 33.3% (CR+PR) vs. 17.6% (CR+PR) with Doxifluridine/Oxaliplatin for advanced stage gastric cancer patients. The average overall survival for patients treated with S-1/Oxaliplatin was 7.80 month vs. 7.30 month with patients treated with Doxifluridine/Oxaliplatin. The expression of miR-181b (P = 0.022) and miR-21 (P = 0.0029) was significantly overexpressed in gastric tumors compared to normal gastric tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that low levels of miR-21 expression (Log rank test, hazard ratio: 0.17, CI = 0.06-0.45; P = 0.0004) and miR-181b (Log rank test, hazard ratio: 0.37, CI = 0.16-0.87; P = 0.018) are closely associated with better patient's overall survival for both S-1 and Doxifluridine based regimens. Conclusion: Patients treated with S-1/Oxaliplatin had a better response than those treated with Doxifluridine/Oxaliplatin. miR-21 and miR-181b hold great potential as prognostic biomarkers in late stage gastric cancer. © 2011 Jiang et al

Clinical resistance to crenolanib in acute myeloid leukemia due to diverse molecular mechanisms.

FLT3 mutations are prevalent in AML patients and confer poor prognosis. Crenolanib, a potent type I pan-FLT3 inhibitor, is effective against both internal tandem duplications and resistance-conferring tyrosine kinase domain mutations. While crenolanib monotherapy has demonstrated clinical benefit in heavily pretreated relapsed/refractory AML patients, responses are transient and relapse eventually occurs. Here, to investigate the mechanisms of crenolanib resistance, we perform whole exome sequencing of AML patient samples before and after crenolanib treatment. Unlike other FLT3 inhibitors, crenolanib does not induce FLT3 secondary mutations, and mutations of the FLT3 gatekeeper residue are infrequent. Instead, mutations of NRAS and IDH2 arise, mostly as FLT3-independent subclones, while TET2 and IDH1 predominantly co-occur with FLT3-mutant clones and are enriched in crenolanib poor-responders. The remaining patients exhibit post-crenolanib expansion of mutations associated with epigenetic regulators, transcription factors, and cohesion factors, suggesting diverse genetic/epigenetic mechanisms of crenolanib resistance. Drug combinations in experimental models restore crenolanib sensitivity.This work was supported in part by The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society Beat AML Program, the V Foundation for Cancer Research, the Gabrielle’s Angel Foundation for Cancer Research and the National Cancer Institute (1R01CA183947–01; 1U01CA217862–01; 1U54CA224019-01; 3P30CA069533-18S5). H.Z. received a Collins Medical Trust research grant. S.D.B. was supported by the National Cancer Institute (5R01CA138744-08)

Minicircle-oriP-IFNγ: A Novel Targeted Gene Therapeutic System for EBV Positive Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

) in which the transgene expression was under the transcriptional regulation of oriP promoter.. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression and the activity of the IFNγ in tumor sections. Our results demonstrated that mc-oriP vectors mediated comparable gene expression and anti-proliferative effect in the EBV-positive NPC cell line C666-1 compared to mc-CMV vectors. Furthermore, mc-oriP vectors exhibited much lower killing effects on EBV-negative cell lines compared to mc-CMV vectors. The targeted expression of mc-oriP vectors was inhibited by EBNA1-siRNA in C666-1. This selective expression was corroborated in EBV-positive and -negative tumor models. as a safe and highly effective targeted gene therapeutic system for the treatment of EBV positive NPC

Long-Term Exposure to Silica Dust and Risk of Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in Chinese Workers: A Cohort Study

A retro-prospective cohort study by Weihong Chen and colleagues provides new estimates for the risk of total and cause-specific mortality due to long-term silica dust exposure among Chinese workers