75 research outputs found
ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ Π‘ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠ ΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠΠΠ Π¦ΠΠΠΠ
One of the sensitive and inexpensive methods used for the analysis of water bodies is the ionometry, the development of which is associated with the introduction of new ion-selective electrodes into the practice of potentiometric analysis. An optimized composition of the membrane for the manufacturing of a zinc-selective electrode based on polyvinyl chloride modified with 2-mercaptobenzthiazole (MPVC) is proposed with the following ratio of ingredients (in wt. %): Polyvinyl chloride - 31.7; dioctyl sebacate - 66.3; potassium tetra-p-chlorophenylborate - 0.5; MPVH - 1.5. The working range of pH was established with a minimum potential drift, which was 1.5 - 3. The slope of the electrode function was calculated as 30.1 Β± 0.3 mV. According to the dependence of the electrode potential for the selected composition of the membrane on the logarithm of the zinc ion concentration, it was found that the proposed model of the electrode operates in the concentration range of 1β10-5 - 1β10-1 mol / L, with a detection limit of 0.65 mg / l. The stabilization time of the potential within 1 mV was 15 - 20 s. The potentiometric coefficients of the selectivity of the zinc selective electrode with respect to various ions have been determined. The conditions for the determination of zinc using the obtained sensor in alloys and wastewater were proposed. The electrode with the membrane based on polyvinyl chloride modified with 2-mercaptobenzthiazole can be used as an alternative to the industrial electrode XC-Zn-001 for the determination of zinc ions in various objects. The obtained experimental data was close in accuracy to the results obtained by the atomic absorption methods, as well as the ionometry using the industrial electrode. In conclusion, the electrode with the membrane based on polyvinyl chloride modified with 2-mercaptobenzthiazole can be used as an alternative to XC-Zn-001.Key words: zinc selective electrode, modified polyvinyl chloride, ionometry, membrane, sensorΒ DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2021.25.3.002Β POTENTIOMETRIC SENSOR FOR LEAD IONS DETERMINATION Β S. D. Tataeva, *R.Z. Zeynalov, K.E. MagomedovDagestan State University, ul. Gadzhieva, d. 43-a, g. Mahachkala,Respublika Dagestan, Russian FederationΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊ-ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 2βΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π·ΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ (ΠΠΠΠ₯), Ρ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (Π² % ΠΌΠ°Ρ.): ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ β 31.7; Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ΅Π±Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ β 66.3; ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°-ΠΏ-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ β 0.5; ΠΠΠΠ₯ β 1.5. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» 1.5 - 3. Π Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ 30.1 Β± 0.3 ΠΌΠ. ΠΠΎ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ 1β10-5 β 1β10-1 ΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π», Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ 0.65 ΠΌΠ³/Π». ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ
1 ΠΌΠ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 15-20 Ρ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊ-ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°Ρ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 2βΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π·ΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π₯Π‘-Zn-001 Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-Π°Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π°.Β Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 2-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π·ΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π₯Π‘-Zn-001.ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊ-ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄, ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π°, ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2021.25.3.00
Potentiometric sensor for lead ions determination
ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊ-ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 2-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π·ΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ (ΠΠΠΠ₯), Ρ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (Π² % ΠΌΠ°Ρ.): ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄ - 31.7; Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ΅Π±Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ - 66.3; ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°-ΠΏ-Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ - 0.5; ΠΠΠΠ₯ - 1.5. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» 1.5 - 3. Π Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ 30.1 Β± 0.3 ΠΌΠ. ΠΠΎ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ 1β10-5 - 1β10-1 ΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π», Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ 0.65 ΠΌΠ³/Π». ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ
1 ΠΌΠ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 15-20 Ρ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊ-ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°Ρ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 2-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π·ΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π₯Π‘-Zn-001 Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-Π°Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ»Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ 2-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π·ΡΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ Π₯Π‘-Zn-001.One of the sensitive and inexpensive methods used for the analysis of water bodies is the ionometry, the development of which is associated with the introduction of new ion-selective electrodes into the practice of potentiometric analysis. An optimized composition of the membrane for the manufacturing of a zinc-selective electrode based on polyvinyl chloride modified with 2-mercaptobenzthiazole (MPVC) is proposed with the following ratio of ingredients (in wt. %): Polyvinyl chloride - 31.7; dioctyl sebacate - 66.3; potassium tetra-p-chlorophenylborate - 0.5; MPVH - 1.5. The working range of pH was established with a minimum potential drift, which was 1.5 - 3. The slope of the electrode function was calculated as 30.1 Β± 0.3 mV. According to the dependence of the electrode potential for the selected composition of the membrane on the logarithm of the zinc ion concentration, it was found that the proposed model of the electrode operates in the concentration range of 1β10-5 - 1β10-1 mol / L, with a detection limit of 0.65 mg / l. The stabilization time of the potential within 1 mV was 15 - 20 s. The potentiometric coefficients of the selectivity of the zinc selective electrode with respect to various ions have been determined. The conditions for the determination of zinc using the obtained sensor in alloys and wastewater were proposed. The electrode with the membrane based on polyvinyl chloride modified with 2-mercaptobenzthiazole can be used as an alternative to the industrial electrode XC-Zn-001 for the determination of zinc ions in various objects. The obtained experimental data was close in accuracy to the results obtained by the atomic absorption methods, as well as the ionometry using the industrial electrode. In conclusion, the electrode with the membrane based on polyvinyl chloride modified with 2-mercaptobenzthiazole can be used as an alternative to XC-Zn-001.Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ FZNZ-2020-0002.Current work was financially supported by State Assignment FZNZ-2020-0002
Do Su fficient Institutions Alter the Relationship between Natural Resources and Economic Growth?
The purpose of this paper is to test whether institutional governance and its performance is a main driving force to achieve a positive relationship between natural resources and economic growth in the long run. The main objective is to ascertain what kind of institutional governance would be needed to distribute natural resource wealth in such a way so as to achieve economic stability, and what specific policies are needed to avoid the curse in resource-rich developing countries. The research makes an attempt to interpret the role of institutional governance, as reflected by the indicators, in the context of resource-rich, post-Soviet countries. The main finding is that an abundance of natural resources does not guarantee economic growth, where sustainable economic growth can be guaranteed, only if the resource-rich country has good institutional governance
The bear in Eurasian plant names: Motivations and models
Ethnolinguistic studies are important for understanding an ethnic group's ideas on the world, expressed in its language. Comparing corresponding aspects of such knowledge might help clarify problems of origin for certain concepts and words, e.g. whether they form common heritage, have an independent origin, are borrowings, or calques. The current study was conducted on the material in Slavonic, Baltic, Germanic, Romance, Finno-Ugrian, Turkic and Albanian languages. The bear was chosen as being a large, dangerous animal, important in traditional culture, whose name is widely reflected in folk plant names. The phytonyms for comparison were mostly obtained from dictionaries and other publications, and supplemented with data from databases, the co-authors' field data, and archival sources (dialect and folklore materials). More than 1200 phytonym use records (combinations of a local name and a meaning) for 364 plant and fungal taxa were recorded to help find out the reasoning behind bear-nomination in various languages, as well as differences and similarities between the patterns among them. Among the most common taxa with bear-related phytonyms were Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng., Heracleum sphondylium L., Acanthus mollis L., and Allium ursinum L., with Latin loan translation contributing a high proportion of the phytonyms. Some plants have many and various bear-related phytonyms, while others have only one or two bear names. Features like form and/or surface generated the richest pool of names, while such features as colour seemed to provoke rather few associations with bears. The unevenness of bear phytonyms in the chosen languages was not related to the size of the language nor the present occurence of the Brown Bear in the region. However, this may, at least to certain extent, be related to the amount of the historical ethnolinguistic research done on the selected languages
THE IMPACT OF THE BASIC ASSETS EFFICIENCY ON THE OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS COST PRICE
In article are considered problems of the analysis of the influence mode to usages and conditions of the building technology and facilities to mechanizations on prime cost produced building product. It is offered original scheme intercropping the factors, in accordance with influence of the working expenses of the facilities of the lab our on prime cost of the building product. The offered methods of the estimation physical wear-out level of the building technology and competitiveness of the active part of production assets of the building enterprise
EXPENSESES OF THE BUILDING ENTERPRISE AS ECONOMIC CATEGORY AND OBJECT OF MANAGEMENT
The notions Β«production costsΒ» and Β«expensesΒ» of building enterprise are elaborated. The designed methods warning regulations of the expenses of the building enterprise. The different approaches are considered to shaping the vector of the factors, characterizing expenses of the building enterprise and model of the expenses as object of management in the manner of Β«black boxΒ» that allows to organize their efficient regulation on deflection and indignation in sloppy economic ambience
ZNAChENIE MOZAIChNOY KhONDROPLASTIKI PRI LOKAL'NYKh POVREZhDENIYaKh KhRYaShchA KOLENNOGO SUSTAVA
Copeptin Kinetics in Acute Ischemic Stroke May Differ According to Revascularization Strategies
Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment of Nanostructured Mn-Containing Catalyst for the Oxidation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons
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