CFD MODELLING OF FORMULA STUDENT CAR INTAKE SYSTEM

Formula Student Car (FS) is an international race car design competition for students at universities of applied sciences and technical universities. The winning team is not the one that produces the fastest racing car, but the group that achieves the highest overall score in design, racing performance. The arrangement of internal components for example, predicting aerodynamics of the air intake system is crucial to optimizing car performance as speed changes. The air intake system consists of an inlet nozzle, throttle, restrictor, air box and cylinder suction pipes (runners). The paper deals with the use of CFD numerical simulations during the design and optimization of components. In this research article, two main steps are illustrated to develop carefully the design of the air box and match it with the suction pipe lengths to optimize torque over the entire range of operating speeds. Also the current intake system was assessed acoustically and simulated by means of 1-D gas dynamics using the software AVL-Boost. In this manner, before a new prototype intake manifold is built, the designer can save a substantial amount of time and resources. The results illustrate the improvement of simulation quality using the new models compared to the previous AVL-Boost models.The results illustrate the improvement of simulation quality using the new models compared to the previous AVL-Boost models.

Hydrophilic molecularly imprinted phenol-amine-formaldehyde resins

Hydrophilic molecularly imprinted resins (MIR), which are produced using hydrophilic monomers such as phenols, aldehydes, melamine or urea, have recently attracted increasing attention for use in separation and preconcentration. Among their obvious advantages are good sorption capacity, high recovery and selectivity, as well as their reusability in aqueous solutions. In this work we applied the bulk molecular imprinting method to produce quercetin-imprinted phenol-amino-formaldehyde resin. For this purpose, phloroglucinol and melamine solutions were mixed with formaldehyde and then polyethylene glycol and quercetin (Qu) were added to the obtained solution as a porogen and a template, respectively. The mixture was stirred under heating, then left in the thermostat for a continuous time. The optimum ratio of phloroglucinol to melamine was 3:1. The average molecular mass of porogen (Mw) varied between 4000–10000 Da. The obtained MIR were eluted with ethanol-water mixture (4:1, v/v) in the Soxhlet extractor for 36 h to remove the template. The MIR were characterized by FTIR-spectroscopy, laser diffraction spectroscopy and differential thermal analysis. The maximum recovery and sorption capacity of MIR synthesized in the presence of a porogen with Mw 10000 were 47% and 4.7 μmol Qu/g, respectively. The maximum imprinting factor was 1.41. The sorption kinetics of quercetin by a non-imprinted resin (NIR) is best described by a pseudo-second-order model, while MIR has a mixed pseudo-first-second-order mechanism

Characterization of the functionally graded shear modulus of a half-space

In this article, a method is proposed for determining parameters of the exponentialy varying shear modulus of a functionally graded half-space. The method is based on the analytical solution of the problem of pure shear of an elastic functionally graded half-space by a strip punch. The half-space has the depth-wise exponential variation of its shear modulus, whose parameters are to be determined. The problem is reduced to an integral equation that is then solved by asymptotic methods. The analytical relations for contact stress under the punch, displacement of the free surface outside the contact area and other characteristics of the problem are studied with respect to the shear modulus parameters. The parameters of the functionally graded half-space shear modulus are determined (a) from the coincidence of theoretical and experimental values of contact stresses under the punch and from the coincidence of forces acting on the punch, or (b) from the coincidence of theoretical and experimental values of displacement of the free surface of the half-space outside the contact and coincidence of forces acting on the punch, or (c) from other conditions. The transcendental equations for determination of the shear modulus parameters in cases (a) and (b) are given. By adjusting the parameters of the shear modulus variation, the regions of "approximate-homogeneous" state in the functionally graded half-space are developed

ПУБЛИЧНЫЕ ИНТЕРЕСЫ И ПРОИЗВОДНЫЕ ОТ НИХ ЮРИДИЧЕСКИЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ

The article observes public interests, firstly, as a social regulative system in the Russian law, and secondly, as a scientific conception of law in legal science. It also researches possibilities of building legal constructions based on public interests with an aim to improve the legal regulation. Basing on the general theory of law and administrative law, the authors analyze: 1) the essence and grounds of public interests; 2) transformation of the Russian historical-theoretical conceptions of public interests; 3) modern interpretations of the phenomenon of public interests in the Russian legal doctrine, legislation and judicial practice; 4) some differences in the Western and Russian conceptions of public interests; 5) separate legal mechanics based on public interests. I.e. the authors talk about objectivating public interests, defining its forms of appearance and possibilities of implementation in the Russian society, law and state. Nowadays categories «public interest», «state interest», «social interest», «general public interests» as well as similar ones are widely used in the Russian legal science, law-making and law enforcement. The problem of its defining as well as identifying public and state interests is still not solved. The article emphasizes the absence of legal definition of public interests in the Russian legislation what causes its use as an evaluation category in the law enforcement practice. This follows by uncertainty in the legal regulation. From other side the term remains flexible and movable, helps coordinate moral and legal content, allows take into account specificity of public interests in each and every case. The article observes position of the Constitutional Court of Russia which defines correlation between public interests and similar categories, e.g. general interest. According to the authors’ opinion, public interests form legal mechanics uniting legal principles, institutes and rules. Examples of such mechanics are corporate-public regulation and public-private partnership.Цель настоящей статьи заключается в выяснении ситуации, сложившейся по поводу публичных интересов в российском праве как регулятивной системе общества и правоведении как системе научных представлений о праве, а также в выявлении возможностей построения юридических конструкций на основе публичных интересов в целях совершенствования правового регулирования. Авторы статьи с позиций общей теории права и административного права анализируют: 1) природу и сущностные основания публичных интересов; 2) трансформации взглядов на публичные интересы в отечественном правоведении в историко-теоретическом ракурсе; 3) существующие на сегодняшний день интерпретации феномена публичных интересов в российской правовой доктрине, законодательстве и судебной практике; 4) некоторые различия в понимании публичных интересов в российской и западной юриспруденции; 5) отдельные юридические конструкции современного российского права, в основе построения которых лежат публичные интересы. Тем самым в настоящей статье речь идет об объективации интересов публично-правовой направленности, формах их проявления и возможностях реализации в российском обществе, праве и государстве. На сегодняшний день «публичный интерес», «государственный интерес», «общественный интерес» и другие смежные категории и понятия активно используются в российской юридической науке, правотворчестве и правоприменении, в то время как проблема их различения и разграничения не решена должным образом. В статье отмечается отсутствие в российском законодательстве легального определения публичных интересов, что обусловливает использование этой категории в правоприменительной практике как оценочной, что, с одной стороны, создает неопределенность в правовом регулировании, с другой - придает ему гибкость и подвижность, нацеливает на согласование морального и юридического содержания, предоставляет возможность учитывать специфику проявления публичных интересов в каждом конкретном случае. В статье рассматриваются позиции Конституционного Суда РФ, идентифицирующие и интерпретирующие публичные интересы, уточняющие соотношение категории публичного интереса с другими близкими по смыслу категориями и понятиями, в частности, с понятием «общий интерес». По мнению авторов, на основе публичных интересов формируются юридические конструкции, связывая воедино различные элементы правовой материи - правовые принципы, институты и нормы. В качестве примеров таких конструкций в настоящей статье рассматриваются публично-частное партнерство, административный иск, судебная защита неопределенного круга лиц и др

Разработка устройства для получения самостоятельного газового разряда

В данной статье рассматривается сборка генератора высокого напряжения из подручныхматериалов, прототип может быть использован для учебных и исследовательских целей

Проблемы и перспективы формирования административной юстиции в государствах постсоветского пространства

The article explored the practice of forming a system of administrative justice in some CIS countries to Russia. As a result of administrative and legal reforms in these countries formed the specific system of administrative courts. Analyze legislation of these states on administrative proceedings. Criticized the declarative approach to the formation of administrative justice, etc.В статье исследована практика формирования и перспективы развития системы административной юстиции в некоторых странах ближнего к России зарубежья. В результате проводимых административно-правовых реформ в этих странах образованы специфические системы административных судов. Анализируется законодательство этих государств об административном судопроизводстве, его понимание и соотношение с гражданским процессуальным законодательством, а также общие тенденции развития института административной юстиции

Институт административной юстиции в постсоветских государствах Центральной Азии: избранные модели и проблемы их реализации

This paper is devoted to problems of selection and formation of its own model of the Institute of Administrative Justice in Post-Soviet Central Asian states. Features of the functioning of this institution in the legal and judicial systems of these countries. Problems creating difficulties in implementing the ideas of introducing administrative justice. A variety of approaches legislative regulation of the legal phenomenon, as well as prospects for the development of administrative justice in the countries of Central Asia.Статья посвящена проблемам выбора и формирования собственной модели института административной юстиции в постсоветских государствах Центральной Азии, а также особенностям функционирования этого института в правовых и судебных системах этих стран. Анализируются проблемы, создающие трудности в реализации идей введения административной юстиции. Выявляются разнообразие подходов в законодательном регулировании этого правового феномена, а также перспективы развития административного правосудия в странах Центральной Азии

Technology role in safety management of Iraqi construction projects

Iraqi construction industry is not away from high number of injuries and fatalities, to control this problem, Mobile Application Technologies (MATS), might offer a promising solution. Improved risk management will increase the productivity of the construction companies which might resulted in enhancing Iraqi national economy. This research addressed the most current used MATS in managing OSH in the construction projects, and highlighted the most benefits and limitations of using these technologies in the field of Iraqi construction projects. This aim achieved by conducting a comprehensive study of the related literature, by analysing a questionnaire response of 98 construction project managers, who are working in a small and medium sized company, BIM and WSDS were identified as the most current used MATS in the Iraqi construction projects, But with a low rate of occurrence about 25%. ’Eliminate hazard during the design phase’ and ’Help visualize hazard’ are the most two benefits of MATS with a rate of occurrence about 75%. However, ’Extra costs associated with technology’, ’Little or no government regulations for use’ are the most two limited factors of using MATS in OSH management in the Iraqi construction projects. In this research the suggestion for the future research has introduced

Investigation and optimization of the acoustic performance of formula student race car intake system using coupled modelling techniques

The University of Miskolc has previously designed and prototyped several race cars for the Formula Student (FS) competition. Unfortunately, none of these cars utilized air intake systems meeting all the requirements of regulations. Intake system are used to feed the engine with sufficient amount of air for complete combustion inside the combustion chamber to produce maximum power. The air flow during flowing produce sound waves due to rate of turbulence and boundary layer separation, and according to standard regulation this sound should be controlled minimum as possible. Recent advances in modelling procedures for accurate performance prediction have led to the development of modelling methods for practical intake system components in commercial design. Engine designers need simple and fast modelling tools, especially in the preliminary design evaluation stages. In this study, commercial software Solidworks and advanced design software Creo 4.0 were used in addition for that Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis is performed. Frequency domain analysis is made to receive behaviour of the entire system under assumed condition