Fractal and multifractal characterization of 3D video formats

Trodimenzionalni (3D) video sadržaj postaje sve prisutniji u saobracaju žicanih i bežicnih mreža. Kako 3D video karakteriše velika kolicina podataka, njegovo prisustvo u mreži predstavlja znacajano opterecenje za saobracaj mreže, pa je neophodno poboljšanje u nacinu prenosa ove vrste signala. Predmet ovog rada je fraktalna i multifraktalna karakterizacija 3D video formata sa ciljevima pokazivanja da 3D video ima fraktalne i multifraktalne osobine i opisivanja ovih svojstava, pore enja svojstava za razlicite video formate i mogucih primena u usavršavanju modelovanja saobracaja 3D video formata i razvijanju boljih tehnika za prenos, smoothing i statisticko multipleksiranje videa. Izvršeno je kreiranje algoritama i softverska realizacija u programima Matlab i Python, u okviru matematicke metode iz oblasti kompleksnih sistema i haosa, za odre ivanje fraktalnih osobina (metoda agregacije varijanse (aggregated variance method), R/S statisticki metod (R/S statistic method) i metod više skala (multiscale method) za odre ivanje Hurst-vog indeksa) i multifraktalnih osobina (metoda momenta za multifraktalne spektre i procenu generalizovane dimenzije, metoda histograma za multifraktalne spektre i inverznu multifraktalnu analizu). Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata potvr ene su fraktalne i multifraktalne osobine 3D video formata i izvršeno njihovo pore enje, uzimajuci u obzir format 3D videa, strukturu, tipove frejmova, kvantizacione parametre kodera, agregaciju frejmova i metode emitovanja...Three-dimensional (3D) videos are becoming increasingly present in wireland and wireless networks, and due to the high data content they present significant load in the network. This impact of 3D video on network traffic causes a need of improving means to handle this type of data. Subject of this thesis is fractal and multifractal characterization of 3D video formats with the main goals to show that 3D video has fractal and multifractal properties, to describe them, to compare these properties for different 3D formats, for possible applications in traffic modeling of 3D video formats and for the development of improved transport techniques for smoothing and statistical multiplexing of video. Algorithms and software realizations for mathematical methods in the area of complex systems and chaos were developed in Matlab and Python, for determination of fractal properties (the aggregated variance method, the R/S statistic method, and the multiscale method) and multifractal properties (the method of moments for multifractal spectra and estimation of the generalized dimensions and the histogram method for multifractal spectra and inverse multifractal analysis). Based on the obtained results, fractal and multifractal properties of 3D video formats are confirmed, their comparison is performed, for various 3D video formats, video structures, frame types, values of the encoder quantization parameters, aggregation of the frames, and streaming method of video..

Influence of the electron-phonon iinteraction on phonon heat conduction in a molecular nanowire

A model for phonon heat conduction in a molecular nanowire is developed. The calculation takes into account modification of the acoustic phonon dispersion relation due to the electron-phonon interaction. The results obtained are compared with models based upon a simpler, Callaway formula

Conway notation and its appliance in knot distance determination methods, in knot theory

Glavni sadržaj ovog rada je konstrukcija novih metoda za određivanje različitih tipova rastojanja čvorova - rastojanja čvorova nastalih promenama preseka (Gordijeva rastojanja) i rastojanja čvorova nastalih zaravnjivanjem (s-rastojanja). U radu su predstavljeni različiti načini prikazivanja čvorova, a posebno model ogledalskih krivih. Prikazana je primena ovog modela, kodiranje čvorova u njemu, uveden metod za određivanje čvorova predstavljenih ovim modelom i izvedeni svi čvorovi koji mogu biti smešteni u mreže dimenzija p × q (p ≤ 4, q ≤ 4). Detaljnije su opisane i različite notacije čvorova, a poseban akcenat je postavljen na Konvejevu notaciju i njena topološka svojstva. Konvejeva notacija ima glavnu ulogu u dobijanju novih rezultata u ovom radu...A main focus of the paper is construction of new methods for defining diverse knot distance types - the distance of knots made by crossing changes (Gordian distance) and the distance among knots made by crossing smoothing (smoothing distance). Different ways of knots presentation are introduced, with objective to a mirror curve model. It is presented a purpose of the model, coding of knots, by using the model preferences, as well as introduction of a method to determinate a knots presented by the model and derived all the knots that could be placed to a nets dimensions p×q (p ≤ 4, q ≤ 4). Diverse knot notations are described into details, with a focus to Conway’s notation and its topological characteristics. As it is known, a present algorithms are based on an algebra of chain fractions, that are in close relation with a presentation of rational knots, which results in an absence of a huge number of non-rational knots, in an existing Gordian’s distance tables. The subject of the paper is an implementation of methods with bases on determination of new distances equal 1. The methods are based on a non-minimal presentation of rational and non-rational knots, generation of algorithms established on geometrical characteristics of Conway’s notation and a weighted graph search. The results are organized into Gordian’s distance knots tables up to 9 crossings, and have been enclosed with the paper. In order to append the table with knots having a bigger number of crossings, it has been suggested a method for extension of results for knot families. Using facts of relation among Gordian’s numbers and smoothing numbers, a new method for smoothing number determination is presented, and results in a form of lists for knots not having more then 11 crossings. In conjunction with Conway’s notation concept and the method, algorithms for a smoothing distance are generated. New results are organized in knot tables, up to 9 crossings, combined with previous results, and enclosed with the paper. A changes and smoothing to a knot crossing could be applied for modeling topoisomerase and recombinase actions of DNA chains. It is presented the method for studying changes introduced by the enzymes. A main contribution to the paper is the concept of Conways notation, used for all relevant results and methods, which led to introduction of a method for derivation a new knots in Conways notation by extending C-links. In a lack of an adequat pattern for an existing knot tables in DT-notation, there is usage of a structure based on topological knot concepts. It is proposed a method for knot classification based on Conways notation, tables of all knots with 13 crossings and alternated knots with 14 crossings has been generated and enclosed. The subject of the paper takes into consideration Bernhard-Jablan’s hypothesis for a determination of unknotting number using minimal knot diagrams. The determination is crucial in computation of diverse knot distances. The paper covers one of main problems in knot theory and contains a new method of knot minimization. The method is based on relevance of local and global minimization..

Association of meal timing with dietary quality in a Serbian population sample

Background: The world-wide adoption of Western lifestyles and eating patterns is associated with adverse effects on nutrient intakes. Here we evaluated the relationships between timing of meals and diet quality in Serbia, a Balkan country with a traditional eating pattern that includes the largest meal of the day as a late lunch. Methods: A dietary survey was done in the Republic of Serbia using a nationally-representative sample of 74 children and 260 non-pregnant adults. Nutrient intakes were calculated from two 24-h recalls. A Dietary Quality Score (DQS) enumerated how many European Union (EU) Science Hub recommendations were met for fruit and vegetables, fiber, saturated fat, sodium, and sugar. We evaluated whether the timing of dietary intakes is associated with DQS and body mass index. Results: The dietary intakes of children ages 10–17 and adults were similar and were high in total fat intake, with an average of 40% of energy from fat. Mean fruit and vegetable intakes of 473 g/day in adults exceeded the minimal EU recommendation. The most worrisome aspects of the Serbian diet were high intakes of saturated fat, sugar and sodium. Lunch was the meal with the highest mean content of energy, followed by breakfast and dinner, and the average time for lunch was 15:15. Consumption of a higher percentage of calories before 16:00 in adults was associated with higher fruit and vegetable intakes and with higher DQS. The subgroup of adults consuming their largest meal after 20:00 had a lower mean age, more men, and a larger percentage was employed outside of the home. There were no associations of meal timing with BMI, but the prevalence of obesity in this population sample was only 13%. Conclusions: These results indicate that an earlier meal pattern, and especially consuming the largest meal of the day earlier in the day, was associated with better quality diets. Public health efforts are needed to preserve nutrient intakes as the population shifts away from the traditional Serbian eating pattern. Long-term, deterioration of nutrient intakes could contribute to the increasing rates of obesity that have been observed in Serbia and world-wide

Selenium and Zinc content and radical scavenging capacity of edible mushrooms Armilaria mellea and Lycoperdon saccatum

Armillaria mellea and Lycoperdon saccatum are two delicious mushrooms growing widely trough all Balkan region. Investigation of A. mellea and L. saccatum antioxidant properties includes preparation of mushrooms extracts, determination of Selenium and Zinc content and evaluation of theirs antioxidant activity involving scavenging activity of ˙O2- radicals, DPPH and reducing power assay. Higher extraction yield of 24.48 % has been achieved for L. saccatum, but higher content of Selenium and Zinc was determined in A. mallea extract, 2.359 mg/kg and 50.380 mg/kg, respectively. The radical scavenging activity was found to exhibit 50 % of inhibition value (IC50 value) at the extracts concentration of 0.0161±0.0001 mg/ml for the L. saccatum extract and 0.0108±0.0002 mg/ml for A. mallea extract. The determined relative inhibition of ˙O2- radicals for L. sacatum extract is lower than for A. malea. It was determined that both mushrooms extract posses’ reductive capabilities and thus were capable of reducing iron (III)

Optical and thermal investigation of sol-gel derived Eu(3+): Y(2)SiO(5) nanoparticles

Investigation done on Y(2)SiO(5) nanoparticles doped with Eu(3+) ions obtained with the alkoxy sol-gel route is presented in this paper. We investigate the optical and thermal properties of obtained material during the conversion of the gel into nanocrystalline form. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy of Eu(3+) ions are used for the optical characterizations, while thermal analysis is done with thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis technique. Material exhibits characteristic luminescence emission of the trivalent europium ion.International School and Conference on Optics and Optical Materials, Sep 03-07, 2007, Belgrade, Serbi

The role of flavor and fragrance chemicals in TRPA1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, member A1) activity associated with allergies

TRPA1 has been proposed to be associated with diverse sensory allergic reactions, including thermal (cold) nociception, hearing and allergic inflammatory conditions. Some naturally occurring compounds are known to activate TRPA1 by forming a Michael addition product with a cysteine residue of TRPA1 through covalent protein modification and, in consequence, to cause allergic reactions. The anti-allergic property of TRPA1 agonists may be due to the activation and subsequent desensitization of TRPA1 expressed in sensory neurons. In this review, naturally occurring TRPA1 antagonists, such as camphor, 1,8-cineole, menthol, borneol, fenchyl alcohol and 2-methylisoborneol, and TRPA1 agonists, including thymol, carvacrol, 1’S-1’- acetoxychavicol acetate, cinnamaldehyde, α-n-hexyl cinnamic aldehyde and thymoquinone as well as isothiocyanates and sulfides are discussed

Conway notation and its appliance in knot distance determination methods, in knot theory

Glavni sadržaj ovog rada je konstrukcija novih metoda za određivanje različitih tipova rastojanja čvorova - rastojanja čvorova nastalih promenama preseka (Gordijeva rastojanja) i rastojanja čvorova nastalih zaravnjivanjem (s-rastojanja). U radu su predstavljeni različiti načini prikazivanja čvorova, a posebno model ogledalskih krivih. Prikazana je primena ovog modela, kodiranje čvorova u njemu, uveden metod za određivanje čvorova predstavljenih ovim modelom i izvedeni svi čvorovi koji mogu biti smešteni u mreže dimenzija p × q (p ≤ 4, q ≤ 4). Detaljnije su opisane i različite notacije čvorova, a poseban akcenat je postavljen na Konvejevu notaciju i njena topološka svojstva. Konvejeva notacija ima glavnu ulogu u dobijanju novih rezultata u ovom radu...A main focus of the paper is construction of new methods for defining diverse knot distance types - the distance of knots made by crossing changes (Gordian distance) and the distance among knots made by crossing smoothing (smoothing distance). Different ways of knots presentation are introduced, with objective to a mirror curve model. It is presented a purpose of the model, coding of knots, by using the model preferences, as well as introduction of a method to determinate a knots presented by the model and derived all the knots that could be placed to a nets dimensions p×q (p ≤ 4, q ≤ 4). Diverse knot notations are described into details, with a focus to Conway’s notation and its topological characteristics. As it is known, a present algorithms are based on an algebra of chain fractions, that are in close relation with a presentation of rational knots, which results in an absence of a huge number of non-rational knots, in an existing Gordian’s distance tables. The subject of the paper is an implementation of methods with bases on determination of new distances equal 1. The methods are based on a non-minimal presentation of rational and non-rational knots, generation of algorithms established on geometrical characteristics of Conway’s notation and a weighted graph search. The results are organized into Gordian’s distance knots tables up to 9 crossings, and have been enclosed with the paper. In order to append the table with knots having a bigger number of crossings, it has been suggested a method for extension of results for knot families. Using facts of relation among Gordian’s numbers and smoothing numbers, a new method for smoothing number determination is presented, and results in a form of lists for knots not having more then 11 crossings. In conjunction with Conway’s notation concept and the method, algorithms for a smoothing distance are generated. New results are organized in knot tables, up to 9 crossings, combined with previous results, and enclosed with the paper. A changes and smoothing to a knot crossing could be applied for modeling topoisomerase and recombinase actions of DNA chains. It is presented the method for studying changes introduced by the enzymes. A main contribution to the paper is the concept of Conways notation, used for all relevant results and methods, which led to introduction of a method for derivation a new knots in Conways notation by extending C-links. In a lack of an adequat pattern for an existing knot tables in DT-notation, there is usage of a structure based on topological knot concepts. It is proposed a method for knot classification based on Conways notation, tables of all knots with 13 crossings and alternated knots with 14 crossings has been generated and enclosed. The subject of the paper takes into consideration Bernhard-Jablan’s hypothesis for a determination of unknotting number using minimal knot diagrams. The determination is crucial in computation of diverse knot distances. The paper covers one of main problems in knot theory and contains a new method of knot minimization. The method is based on relevance of local and global minimization..

Conway notation and its appliance in knot distance determination methods, in knot theory

Glavni sadržaj ovog rada je konstrukcija novih metoda za određivanje različitih tipova rastojanja čvorova - rastojanja čvorova nastalih promenama preseka (Gordijeva rastojanja) i rastojanja čvorova nastalih zaravnjivanjem (s-rastojanja). U radu su predstavljeni različiti načini prikazivanja čvorova, a posebno model ogledalskih krivih. Prikazana je primena ovog modela, kodiranje čvorova u njemu, uveden metod za određivanje čvorova predstavljenih ovim modelom i izvedeni svi čvorovi koji mogu biti smešteni u mreže dimenzija p × q (p ≤ 4, q ≤ 4). Detaljnije su opisane i različite notacije čvorova, a poseban akcenat je postavljen na Konvejevu notaciju i njena topološka svojstva. Konvejeva notacija ima glavnu ulogu u dobijanju novih rezultata u ovom radu...A main focus of the paper is construction of new methods for defining diverse knot distance types - the distance of knots made by crossing changes (Gordian distance) and the distance among knots made by crossing smoothing (smoothing distance). Different ways of knots presentation are introduced, with objective to a mirror curve model. It is presented a purpose of the model, coding of knots, by using the model preferences, as well as introduction of a method to determinate a knots presented by the model and derived all the knots that could be placed to a nets dimensions p×q (p ≤ 4, q ≤ 4). Diverse knot notations are described into details, with a focus to Conway’s notation and its topological characteristics. As it is known, a present algorithms are based on an algebra of chain fractions, that are in close relation with a presentation of rational knots, which results in an absence of a huge number of non-rational knots, in an existing Gordian’s distance tables. The subject of the paper is an implementation of methods with bases on determination of new distances equal 1. The methods are based on a non-minimal presentation of rational and non-rational knots, generation of algorithms established on geometrical characteristics of Conway’s notation and a weighted graph search. The results are organized into Gordian’s distance knots tables up to 9 crossings, and have been enclosed with the paper. In order to append the table with knots having a bigger number of crossings, it has been suggested a method for extension of results for knot families. Using facts of relation among Gordian’s numbers and smoothing numbers, a new method for smoothing number determination is presented, and results in a form of lists for knots not having more then 11 crossings. In conjunction with Conway’s notation concept and the method, algorithms for a smoothing distance are generated. New results are organized in knot tables, up to 9 crossings, combined with previous results, and enclosed with the paper. A changes and smoothing to a knot crossing could be applied for modeling topoisomerase and recombinase actions of DNA chains. It is presented the method for studying changes introduced by the enzymes. A main contribution to the paper is the concept of Conways notation, used for all relevant results and methods, which led to introduction of a method for derivation a new knots in Conways notation by extending C-links. In a lack of an adequat pattern for an existing knot tables in DT-notation, there is usage of a structure based on topological knot concepts. It is proposed a method for knot classification based on Conways notation, tables of all knots with 13 crossings and alternated knots with 14 crossings has been generated and enclosed. The subject of the paper takes into consideration Bernhard-Jablan’s hypothesis for a determination of unknotting number using minimal knot diagrams. The determination is crucial in computation of diverse knot distances. The paper covers one of main problems in knot theory and contains a new method of knot minimization. The method is based on relevance of local and global minimization..