Management of hyperglycaemia during parenteral nutrition

peer reviewe

Leucine supplementation improves adiponectin and total cholesterol concentrations despite the lack of changes in adiposity or glucose homeostasis in rats previously exposed to a high-fat diet

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Studies suggest that leucine supplementation (LS) has a therapeutic potential to prevent obesity and to promote glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, regular physical exercise is a widely accepted strategy for body weight maintenance and also for the prevention of obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of chronic LS alone or combined with endurance training (ET) as potential approaches for reversing the insulin resistance and obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in rats.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Forty-seven rats were randomly divided into two groups. Animals were fed a control diet-low fat (<it>n = </it>10) or HFD (<it>n = </it>37). After 15 weeks on HFD, all rats received the control diet-low fat and were randomly divided according to treatment: reference (REF), LS, ET, and LS+ET (<it>n = </it>7-8 rats per group). After 6 weeks of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and body composition, fat cell volume, and serum concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, glucose, adiponectin, leptin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>At the end of the sixth week of treatment, there was no significant difference in body weight between the REF, LS, ET and LS+ET groups. However, ET increased lean body mass in rats (<it>P </it>= 0.019). In addition, ET was more effective than LS in reducing adiposity (<it>P </it>= 0.019), serum insulin (<it>P </it>= 0.022) and TNF-α (<it>P </it>= 0.044). Conversely, LS increased serum adiponectin (<it>P </it>= 0.021) levels and reduced serum total cholesterol concentration (<it>P </it>= 0.042).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results showed that LS had no beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity or adiposity in previously obese rats. On the other hand, LS was effective in increasing adiponectin levels and in reducing total cholesterol concentration.</p

Devenir des patients en nutrition parentérale à domicile (expérience du centre agréé du C.H.U de Nice)

NICE-BU Médecine Odontologie (060882102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Prise en charge nutritionnelle après gastrectomie totale. [Nutritional management after total gastrectomy.]

Les auteurs rapportent l’observation d’un patient de 60 ans opéré d’une gastrectomie totale pour cancer. La dénutrition est une complication fréquente du cancer gastrique et de son traitement médicochirurgical. Les facteurs de risque nutritionnels du cancer gastrique et la prise en charge nutritionnelle post-gastrectomie à court, moyen et long termes sont discutés. © 2013 Publié par Elsevier Masson SAS

Management of hyperglycaemia during parenteral nutrition

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Differential effect of long-term leucine supplementation on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in old rats: an insulin signaling pathway approach

 absen

Prise en charge initiale d'une anorexie mentale restrictive sévère

L’anorexie mentale restrictive de l’adulte est un trouble du comportement alimentaire que l’on rencontre quotidiennement dans les consultations de nutrition et régulièrement dans les consultations de médecine générale. Souvent dans le déni, les patients sont amenés à consulter tardivement avec des conséquences nutritionnelles et métaboliques qui peuvent engager le pronostic vital. Bien que de nosographie psychiatrique, la prise en charge multidisciplinaire est fortement recommandée. Le cas clinique suivant présente une patiente âgée de 20 ans, adressée en consultation de nutrition par son médecin traitant pour « anorexie mentale depuis six mois suite à une rupture sentimentale » avec perte de poids de 12 kg en huit mois