911 research outputs found
Complex structures on stratified Lie algebras
This thesis investigates some properties of complex structures on Lie algebras. In particular, we focus on nilpotent complex structures that are characterized by a suitable J-invariant ascending or descending central series dj and dj respectively. In this thesis, we introduce a new descending series pj and use it to give proof of a new characterization of nilpotent complex structures. We examine also whether nilpotent complex structures on stratified Lie algebras preserve the strata. We find that there exists a J-invariant stratification on a step 2 nilpotent Lie algebra with a complex structure
Imaging and spectral study on the null point of a fan-spine structure during a solar flare
Using the multi-instrument observations, we make the first simultaneous
imaging and spectral study on the null point of a fan-spine magnetic topology
during a solar flare. When magnetic reconnection occurs at the null point, the
fan-spine configuration brightens in the (extreme-)ultraviolet channels. In the
H images, the fan-spine structure is partly filled and outlined by the
bi-directional material flows ejected from the reconnection site. The
extrapolated coronal magnetic field confirms the existence of the fan-spine
topology. Before and after the flare peak, the total velocity of the outflows
is estimated to be about 60 km s. During the flare, the Si IV line
profile at the reconnection region is enhanced both in the blue-wing and
red-wing. At the flare peak time, the total velocity of the outflows is found
to be 144 km s. Superposed on the Si IV profile, there are several deep
absorption lines with the blueshift of several tens of km s. The reason
is inferred to be that the bright reconnection region observed in Si IV channel
is located under the cooler material appearing as dark features in the
H line. The blueshifted absorption lines indicate the movement of the
cooler material toward the observer. The depth of the absorption lines also
depends on the amount of cooler material. These results imply that this kind of
spectral profiles can be used as a tool to diagnose the properties of cooler
material above reconnection site.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
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Real-time observations of TRIP-induced ultrahigh strain hardening in a dual-phase CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy.
Strategies involving metastable phases have been the basis of the design of numerous alloys, yet research on metastable high-entropy alloys is still in its infancy. In dual-phase high-entropy alloys, the combination of local chemical environments and loading-induced crystal structure changes suggests a relationship between deformation mechanisms and chemical atomic distribution, which we examine in here in a Cantor-like Cr20Mn6Fe34Co34Ni6 alloy, comprising both face-centered cubic (fcc) and hexagonal closed packed (hcp) phases. We observe that partial dislocation activities result in stable three-dimensional stacking-fault networks. Additionally, the fraction of the stronger hcp phase progressively increases during plastic deformation by forming at the stacking-fault network boundaries in the fcc phase, serving as the major source of strain hardening. In this context, variations in local chemical composition promote a high density of Lomer-Cottrell locks, which facilitate the construction of the stacking-fault networks to provide nucleation sites for the hcp phase transformation
Layer-dependent anisotropic electronic structure of freestanding quasi-two dimensional MoS2
The anisotropy of the electronic transition is an important physical property
not only determining the materials' optical property, but also revealing the
underlying character of the electronic states involved. Here we used
momentum-resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy to study the evolution of
the anisotropy of the electronic transition involving the low energy valence
electrons in the free-standing MoS2 systems as the layer thickness was reduced
to monolayer. We used the orientation and the spectral-density analysis to show
that indirect to direct band-gap transition is accompanied by a three- to
two-dimensional anisotropy cross-over. The result provides a logical
explanation for the large sensitivity of indirect transition to the change of
thickness compared with that for direct transition. By tracking the energy of
indirect transition, we also revealed the asymmetric response of the valence
band and conduction band to the quantum confinement effect. Our results have
implication for future optoelectronic applications of atomic thin MoS2
DNMT3a in the hippocampal CA1 is crucial in the acquisition of morphine selfâadministration in rats
Drugâreinforced excessive operant responding is one fundamental feature of long-lasting addictionâlike behaviors and relapse in animals. However, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms responsible for the persistent drugâspecific (not natural rewards) operant behavior are not entirely clear. In this study, we demonstrate a key role for one of the de novo DNA methyltransferase, DNMT3a, in the acquisition of morphine selfâadministration (SA) in rats. The expression of DNMT3a in the hippocampal CA1 region but not in the nucleus accumbens shell was significantly upâregulated after 1â and 7âday morphine SA (0.3 mg/kg/infusion) but not after the yoked morphine injection. On the other hand, saccharin SA did not affect the expression of DNMT3a or DNMT3b. DNMT inhibitor 5âazaâ2âdeoxycytidine (5âaza) microinjected into the hippocampal CA1 significantly attenuated the acquisition of morphine SA. Knockdown of DNMT3a also impaired the ability to acquire the morphine SA. Overall, these findings suggest that DNMT3a in the hippocampus plays an important role in the acquisition of morphine SA and may be a valid target to prevent the development of morphine addiction.
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