Correlation of Inbound and Outbound Traffic of Tor Network

Komunikace ve veřejných sítích založených na protokolu IP není ve skutečnosti anonymní, protože je možné přesně určit zdrojovou a cílovou IP adresu každého paketu. Uživatelé, kteří chtějí komunikovat anonymně, využívají anonymizačních sítí jako je např. Tor. V případě, že je takový uživatel cílem zákonných odposlechů, je to problém, systém pro zákonné odsposlechy vidí pouze to, že uživatel komunikoval s anonymizační sítí a má podezření, že datový tok na výstupu anonymizační sítě Tor náleží tomu samému uživateli. Cílem této diplomové práce bylo navrhnout korelační metodu, která určí závislost datového toku na vstupu a výstupu sítě Tor. Navržená metoda využívá analýzy síťového provozu, kdy jsou porovnávány charakteristiky datových toků extrahované z metadat jako je čas výskytu a velikost paketu. Metoda se specializuje na korelaci datových toků protokolu HTTP, konkrétně odpovědi webového serveru. Byla testována na reálných datech ze sítě Tor a úspěšně rozlišila zavislost datových toků.Communication in public networks based on the IP protocol is not really anonymous because it is possible to determine the source and destination IP address of each packet. Users who want to be anonymous are forced to use anonymization networks, such as Tor. In case such a user is target of lawful interception, it presents a problem for those systems because they only see that the user communicated with anonymization network and have a suspicion that the data stream at the output of anonymization network belong to the same user. The aim of this master thesis was to design a correlation method to determine the dependence of the data stream at the input and the output of the Tor network. The proposed method analysis network traffic and compares characteristics of data streams extracted from metadata, such as time of occurence and the size of packets. This method specializes in correlating data flows of protocol HTTP, specifically web server responses. It was tested on real data from the Tor network and successfully recognized dependency of data flows.

Application for Hand Corrections of Automatically Processed Data

Cílem této bakalářské práce je vytvořit aplikaci pro ruční kontrolu automaticky zpracovávaných dat. Díky této aplikaci bude umožněno návštěvníkům portálu SuperLectures.com opravit textové přepisy slajdů nebo audia daného segmentu přednášky. Pokud se rozhodnou vypomoci, budou přesměrováni na Anotační portál, jak byla tato aplikace nazvána a bude jim přidělena elementární práce na opravu představující právě danou část přednášky. Nejdříve je provedena neformální analýza, která hledá možné postupy a prostředky pro řešení. Dále jsou požadavky specifikovány formálně a na základě nich je navržena vlastní aplikace. Podle návrhu a za použití vybraných prostředků a postupů je aplikace implementována. Na závěr proběhne její testování a zhodnocení výsledků.The objective of this bachelor thesis is to create application for hand corrections of automatically processed data. Thanks to this application it will be allowed to visitors of portal SuperLectures.com to correct text transcripts of slides or audio of the current segment of the lecture. If they decide to help, they will be redirected to the Annotation portal as this application was called and they will be assigned an elementary job to correct representing the given part of the lecture. At first informal analysis is performed, looking for possible tools and procedures for realization. After that requirements are formally specified and later the application design is based on them. Application is implemented according to the design with use of selected tools and procedures. In conclusion, the application is tested and test results are evaluated.

Predictors, cost, and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome who receive optimal secondary prevention therapy: results from the antiplatelet treatment observational registries (APTOR).

We sought to evaluate outcomes, costs of care, quality of life and predictors at 12 months in patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and evaluated use of optimal secondary prevention therapy, defined as use of aspirin and clopidogrel along with ≥ 3 of the following 4 therapies at both hospital discharge and at one-year post-PCI: statins, beta-blockers, ARB/ACE-inhibitors, and exercise or diet.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Differences in the use of guideline-recommended therapies among 14 European countries in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing PCI.

Despite common European Society of Cardiology recommendations, adherence to guideline therapy varies, both temporally and geographically. We sought to examine current differences in the use of guideline-recommended therapies among 14 European countries in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Comparative StudyJournal ArticleMulticenter StudyResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Predictors, cost, and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome who receive optimal secondary prevention therapy: Results from the antiplatelet treatment observational registries (APTOR)

We sought to evaluate outcomes, costs of care, quality of life and predictors at 12 months in patients with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and evaluated use of optimal secondary prevention therapy, defined as use of aspirin and clopidogrel along with ≥ 3 of the following 4 therapies at both hospital discharge and at one-year post-PCI: statins, beta-blockers, ARB/ACE-inhibitors, and exercise or diet.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

1-year results after PCI with the COMBO stent in all-comers in Asia versus Europe: Geographical insights from the COMBO collaboration

Background: The COMBO drug-eluting stent combines sirolimus-elution from a biodegradable polymer with an anti-CD34+ antibody coating for early endothelialization. Objective: We investigated for geographical differences in outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with the COMBO stent among Asians and Europeans. Methods: The COMBO Collaboration is a pooled patient-level analysis of the MASCOT and REMEDEE registries of all-comers undergoing attempted COMBO stent PCI. The primary outcome was 1-year target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (TV-MI) and target lesion revascularization (TLR). Results: This study included 604 Asians (17.9%) and 2775 Europeans (82.1%). Asians were younger and included fewer females, with a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus but lower prevalence of other comorbidities than Europeans. Asians had a higher prevalence of ACC/AHA C type lesions and received longer stent lengths. More Asians than Europeans were discharged on clopidogrel (86.5% vs 62.8%) rather than potent P2Y12 inhibitors. One-year TLF occurred in 4.0% Asians and 4.1% of Europeans, p = 0.93. The incidence of cardiac death was higher in Asians (2.8% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.007) with similar rates of TV-MI (1.5% vs. 1.2%, p = 0.54) and definite stent thrombosis (0.3% vs. 0.5%, p = 0.84) and lower incidence of TLR than Europeans (1.0% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.025). After adjustment, differences for cardiac death and TLR were no longer significant. Conclusions: In the COMBO collaboration, although 1-year TLF was similar regardless of geography, Asians experienced higher rates of cardiac death and lower TLR than Europeans, while incidence of TV-MI and ST was similar in both regions. Adjusted differences did not reach statistical significance. Clinicaltrial.gov identifier-numbers: NCT01874002 (REMEDEE Registry), NCT02183454 (MASCOT registry)