Econometric Modeling of Electricity Consumption by Households as a Tool for the Calculating of the Social Consumption Norm

Since July 2016, it is planned to introduce electricity tariffs with the social consumption norm in all regions of Russia. The methodology for calculation the electricity social consumption norm for different types of households was legally adopted by resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. According to these regulations, at least 70 % of the actual volume of electric power supply to the population should fall within the social norm. This article analyzes the validity of the methodology for calculating the social norm. The research is based on the data about the consumption of electricity by Russian households. The purpose of this study is to construct an econometric model of electricity consumption and calculate model- based social norms for different types of households. Explanatory variables in the model are the factors that describe the household size and accommodation conditions: the number of residents, the presence or absence of electric cooker, the type of settlement (urban or rural), the climate of the region where the household lives. The simulation results show that 70 % of electricity will be consumed within the social norms, if the size of the norm for households consisting of one person, will be from 110 to 210 kW·h, depending on the accommodation conditions. The author also evaluates the necessary social norm increments for the second, third and subsequent members of different household types. The developed model takes into account the regional characteristics of energy consumption and can be useful for calculating the social norm of electricity consumption in the regions of Russian Federation

Author's term: what is it? / defining the concept "author's term"

In the article the researchers state that in contemporary Russian terminology there is no concept “author's term” and no author’s term definition. Traditionally it has been accepted that the author's term is a term with a reliably known authorship, or a term named after the discoverer of a scientific phenomenon. The researchers consider this approach to be erroneous and suggest that the author's term exists only within the author’s original scientific hypothesis. As this hypothesis is described by the system of interrelated concepts and terms, so there is no isolated author’s term. The researchers offer their own definition of the author's term. The author’s term is a special sign created within the framework of a unique scientific theory, an element of the system of concepts interconnected with other terms and concepts of original hypothesis, referred by the speakers of the language for specific purposes to a specific author's idea, representing scientific picture of the world which is not generally accepted

Электронный кадровый документооборот: от правового эксперимента к практике

The subject. The introduction of electronic technologies into management processes has led to the need to regulate the issues of the use of electronic personnel document management (further - EPDM). In the spring of 2020, Russia was conducting a legal experiment on the use of electronic documents related to work. As part of this experiment, according to the rules established by federal law, individual employers voluntarily refuse to issue certain types of personnel documents in paper form. It concerned employment contract and other contracts with an employee (on financial responsibility, apprenticeship), a vacation schedule, employee statements, as well as regulatory and organizational and administrative documents of the employer on labor (orders on admission, dismissals, penalties, etc.). The results of this experiment became the basis for the introduction of appropriate amendments to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.The main purpose of the study is to develop recommendations for improving the current labor legislation for the legalization of electronic personnel document management as part of a system of measures to achieve the maximum balance of interests of employees and employers.The main methods of the research are the analysis and generalization of judicial practice on labor disputes related to the evaluation of electronic evidence, the practice of using electronic personnel document management by individual employers, both participating and not participating in the legal experiment conducted at the federal level.The main results, scope of application. The preliminary results of above mentioned experiment have been summarized and an assessment of the validity and potential effectiveness of the draft law submitted to the Russian Federal Assembly has been given. The authors propose the results of a critical analysis of the interim results of the legal experiment on the introduction of EPDM. The authors demonstrate the pros and cons of electronic document management in terms of the readiness of the current legislation for it, as well as subjects of labor relations. The innovations of the prepared draft law on the introduction of a new article 22.1 to the Russian Labor Code as well as its positive aspects and some shortcomings are considered. Not only legal and technical shortcomings are indicated, but also some fundamental substantive contradictions. For example, a negligent attitude to the involvement of employees in making managerial decisions in the social and labor sphere due to the establishment of a trade union monopoly in a number of issues of social dialogue when introducing electronic personnel document management. The draft law does not consistently address issues related to security, enhanced qualified signature and the costs associated with obtaining it by an employee. The modern attitude of Russian courts to electronic evidence in labor disputes is demonstrated by the example of judicial practice. These examples demonstrate the most pressing issues of the introduction and use of EPDM, which need to be resolved at the legislative level. There is a need for effective protection of all participants in labor relations in the context of the development of digital technologies and their implementation in the daily life of each person.Conclusions. Adoption of new federal law regulating EPDM was necessary to establish general rules for employee-employer interaction in the digital environment, as well as for legalization of the exchange of electronic documents as a way of labor management.Внедрение в управленческие процессы электронных технологий привело к необходимости нормативно урегулировать вопросы применения электронного кадрового документооборота. Весной 2020 г. в России проводился правовой эксперимент по использованию электронных документов, связанных с работой. Его результаты стали основой для введения соответствующих поправок в Трудовой кодекс РФ. Авторы предлагают результаты критического анализа как промежуточных итогов правового эксперимента, так и проекта закона о внесении в Трудовой кодекс РФ новой статьи 22.1. На основе обобщения судебной практики по трудовым спорам, связанной с оценкой электронных доказательств, сформулированы выводы и предложения по совершенствованию действующего законодательства

Adaptability of high-protein barley genotypes under the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region

Background. Barley grain is unique raw material of versatile uses. More than 60% of the grain produced In the Volga-Vyatka region goes directly to fodder production purposes. One of the urgent tasks is to develop high-yielding cultivars with good grain quality, thus reducing protein deficiency in farm animal feeds and meeting the need for fodder grain that increases every year. Its successful solution requires a search for new high-yielding and high-protein source genotypes adapted to the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region and their involvement in the breeding process.Materials and methods. Experimental work was carried out in 2018–2020 at the Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky, Kirov. Protein content in grain, yield, resistance to lodging, and duration of the growing season of 31 barley accessions were assessed. The barley collection was studied according to the International COMECON List of Descriptors for the Genus Hordeum L. and Methodological Guidelines. Protein content was measured using a universal rapid analyzer (INFRAMATIC 8620).Results and conclusions. Protein content had a strong correlation with Selyaninov’s hydrothermal coefficient in the interphase period from ear emergence to maturity (r = 0.85); the sum of effective temperatures during the entire growing season (r = 0.75); and precipitation in the period from seedling emergence to maturity (r = 0.67). Traits of breeding value (yield, lodging resistance, environmental plasticity, and stability) were observed in the following accessions: k-30574 (‘Filippa’, Sweden), k-30256 (‘Rodos’, Poland), ya-52 (‘Crusades’, Great Britain), k-35415 (NCL 95098, Argentina), k-30892 (‘Naran’, Russia), k-15619 (‘Polyarny 14’, Russia), ya-4 (752A, Switzerland), k-30349 (Landrace, Peru), k-5983 (Local, Afghanistan), k-3506 (Local, India), k-2929 (Local, China), k-2930 (Local, China), and k-5210 (‘Makbo’, Australia)

Effects of combined HSC+MMSC transplantation on liver morphology state after subtotal resection

The article deals with liver resection topic which is a basic treatment method in initial and metastatic tumors. The aim of the research was to evaluate liver regeneration abilities after injecting HSC and MMSC after subtotal resection. 30 white non-species male mice were used in experiment. All mice were divided in 2 groups of 15 animals. HSC+MMSC were injected in experimental group after producing ⅔ liver resection. As a result it became possible to consider that combined cell transplantation (HSC+MMSC) is promising method of correcting tissue regeneration. The experimental research on mice allowed to discover trustworthy positive effects in recovery of liver functional activityРезекция печени – основной метод лечения первичных и метастатических опухолей печени. Целью исследования была оценкарегенераторных способностей печени на фоне введения мультипотентных мезенхимальных и гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ММСК+ГСК) после субтотальной резекции. В эксперименте использовались беспородные мыши самцы в количестве 30 шт. Всех мышей разделили на 2 группы по 15 шт. Производили резекцию ⅔ печени с последующим введением ММСК и ГСК. В ходе исследования удалось выяснить, что сочетанная трансплантация двух видов клеток (ГСК и ММСК) является многообещающим способом коррекции регенерации тканей. Экспериментальные исследования на лабораторных мышах позволили выявить достоверно положительные эффекты в восстановлении функции печен

Формирование сценариев аналитической деятельности

Розширену аналітику включено до десятки найбільш затребуваних інформаційних технологій. Дослідження процесу формування сценаріїв аналітичної діяльності необхідно для реалізації розширеної аналітики. Сценарії аналітичної діяльності визначають порядок проведення аналітичної діяльності з метою отримання необхідної інформації для прийняття обґрунтованих рішень. Формування сценаріїв включає їх побудову та оптимізацію. Предметом статті є вдосконалення моделі предметної області, відносно якої проводиться аналітична діяльність. Метод об’єктно-орієнтованого моделювання і принципи побудови адаптивних об’єктних моделей використовуються для побудови об’єктної моделі предметної області, що аналізується. Побудовано адаптивну об’єктну модель, яка представляє класи, атрибути та взаємозв’язки як метадані. Використання вдосконаленої моделі предметної області для оптимізації сценаріїв методом сценарних областей призводить до покращення результатів методу оптимізації. Для об’єктної моделі предметної області та сценаріїв розроблено діаграму класів, яка може бути використана як елемент комп’ютерної моделі інформаційно-аналітичної програмної платформи.Advanced analytics is one of the most required information technologies. Research of a scenario formation process of analytical activity is required for advanced analytics realization. Analytical activity scenarios define order of analytical activity conduction for obtainment of necessary information that assist to produce informed decisions. Scenario formation contains of scenarios building and optimization. The subject of the article is improvement of domain model over which analytical activity is performed. Object-oriented modeling method and adaptive object model approach is used to build analyzable domain object model. An adaptive object model that submits classes, attributes and relationships as metadata is built. Use of improving domain model in scenario area method that is used for scenario optimization conducts to enhancement of scenario optimization results. Scenario area method is adopted with account of domain object model building that includes analytical activity scenarios. Class diagram has been developed for domain and scenarios object model and can be used as computer model element of information-analytical program platform.Расширенная аналитика включена в десятку наиболее востребованных информационных технологий. Исследование процесса формирования сценариев аналитической деятельности необходимо для реализации расширенной аналитики. Сценарии аналитической деятельности определяют порядок проведения аналитической деятельности с целью получения необходимой информации для принятия обоснованных решений. Формирование сценариев включает их построение и оптимизацию. Предметом статьи является усовершенствование модели предметной области, относительно которой проводится аналитическая деятельность. Метод объектно-ориентированного моделирования и принципы построения адаптивных объектных моделей используются для построения объектной модели анализируемой предметной области. Построена адаптивная объектная модель, которая представляет классы, атрибуты и взаимосвязи как метаданные. Использование усовершенствованной модели предметной области для оптимизации сценариев методом сценарных областей приводит к улучшению результатов метода оптимизации. Для объектной модели предметной области и сценариев разработана диаграмма классов, которая может быть использована как элемент компьютерной модели информационно-аналитической программной платформы

О патогенезе деструктивной пневмонии в период COVID-19: клиническое наблюдение

Community-acquired pneumonia is a potentially serious infection in children with high morbidity rate, risk of severe course and unfavorable outcomes. Specialists have noted the increased incidence of the destructive forms in the recent years.Aim. To present a clinical case of destructive pneumonia in a 1 year 2 month old child, hospitalized in the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Children’s City Clinical Hospital of St. Vladimir Moscow Healthcare Department”, and analyze it in terms of current understanding on the disease pathogenesis.Conclusion. During COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) pandemic, pulmonologists and pediatric surgeons encountered an unconventional course of destructive pneumonia. A large number of studies of pathophysiological processes in acute viral interstitial pneumonias have recently allowed to expand our understanding of the role of coagulation system. At the same time, new questions arose concerning the clinical course and development of the pathological infectious process.Актуальность проблемы внебольничных пневмоний в педиатрии объясняется высоким уровнем заболеваемости, риском тяжелого течения и неблагоприятного исхода. В последние годы отмечается увеличение частоты деструктивных форм заболевания.Целью работы явился анализ клинического случая течения деструктивной пневмонии (ДП) у ребенка 1 года 2 мес., госпитализированного в Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения города Москвы «Детская городская клиническая больница святого Владимира Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы» (2021), с точки зрения современных данных о патогенезе заболевания.Заключение. В условиях пандемии COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) пульмонологи и детские хирурги столкнулись с нестандартным течением ДП. В последнее время представления о роли системы коагуляции расширились благодаря увеличению числа исследований патофизиологических процессов при вирусных интерстициальных пневмониях, однако появились новые вопросы, касающиеся клинического течения и развития патологического инфекционного процесса

Feсal microbiota transplantation in the format of complex therapy in obesive siblings: clinical case

Obesity and associated metabolic diseases are often accompanied by changes in the gut microbiota leading to metagenome gene diversity decrease. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is one of the most effective methods for correcting the  intestinal microflora. FMT obtained from healthy donors has been proven to be an effective treatment of infections caused by Clostridium difficile. The use of FMT for correction of metabolic disorders is promising, however, data on its application is limited and has contradictory results. In our work, two patients (siblings) presented with obesity grade II and various types of diabetes mellitus (DM): the older brother (44 years old) with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2), a younger brother (39 years old) with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM 1). Both patients underwent FMT as part of complex antidiabetic therapy. During the course of treatment, a decrease in body weight was noted in both patients (4–5 kg for the first month of observation, then -1–2 kg per month). One year after FMT, a patient with type 2 diabetes showed a decrease in the severity of insulin resistance (IR), measured by the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp test (initial M-index 2.42 mg/kg*min, after 1 year — 3.83 mg/kg* min) as well as the maintenance of satisfactory carbohydrate metabolism compensation against the diminishing the hypoglycemic therapy. In a patient with DM 1, no significant dynamics of carbohydrate exchange indices, including detected glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin dose and IR were during the observation period. Metagenomic sequencing of stool samples (n = 20) collected from both patients before and within 1 year after FMT showed no significant changes in the taxonomic profile of the microbiota at the level of microbial families. Metabolomic analysis of the composition of feces showed no directed changes in the composition of metabolites after the FMT procedure, the nature of changes within the samples from each patient during the entire study period was random. Thus, FMT had no effect on the course of DM1, but served as a starting point for weight loss and improvement glucose profile in DM2. However, convincing data confirming a causal correlation between FMT and improvement in the course of T2DM have not been obtained

Фатальное течение гриппа А / H1N1 / 09, осложненного генерализованной нозокомиальной инфекцией

A fatal case of swine flu (А / H1N1 / 09) complicated by generalized nosocomial infection.Фатальное течение гриппа А / H1N1 / 09, осложненного генерализованной нозокомиальной инфекцией

ПНЕВМОНЭКТОМИЯ У ПАЦИЕНТА С ОСЛОЖНЕННЫМ ТЕЧЕНИЕМ ГРАНУЛЕМАТОЗА ВЕГЕНЕРА

The article describes a clinical case of 42-year old male patient with necrotising granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegener's granulomatosis) complicated by pulmonary aspergillosis, and due to the latter a life-saving pneumonectomy had to be done  Microbiological tests of surgery specimens detected the cell crowding of mold fungi of Aspergillus fumigatus The histological tests showed necrotising granulomatosis with polyangitis, formation of cavities with fibrotic walls and fungal population; fibrinous-hemorrhagic pleurisy. In one month after surgery the patient was transferred to the rheumatological ward, where biological anti-B-cellular therapy with rituximab was started with a consequent positive outcome.Представлено клиническое наблюдение пациента 42 лет с некротизирующим гранулематозом с полиангиитом (гранулематоз Вегенера), осложненным аспергиллезом легкого, которому по жизненным показаниям пришлось выполнить пневмонэктомию При микробиологическом исследовании операционного материала получен сливной рост плесневых грибов рода Aspergillus fumigatus При гистологическом исследовании ‒ картина некротизирующего гранулематоза с полиангиитом, формирование полостей деструкции с фиброзными стенками и наличием грибковой флоры; фибринозно-геморрагический плеврит. Через месяц после проведенного оперативного вмешательства пациент переведен в ревматологическое отделение, где была начата биологическая анти-В-клеточная терапия ритуксимабом с хорошим эффектом