Assessment of genotoxic and mutagenic effects of food products by bioassay methods

The current state of studies on application and safety of food additives in various technologies for food production is examined. Considerable attention should be given to studies dedicated to analysis of food safety criteria due to a possibility of appearance of adverse consequences for human health and the trend towards increasing life quality. Special emphasis is placed on such parameters as genotoxicity and mutagenicity. It is shown that the most rapid and convenient tool for complex monitoring of product toxicity can be the bioassay procedure. Based on the review of the literature on bioassays for edible meat and meat products, canned foods, carbonated soft drinks, beer, milk and milk containing products as well as seasonings, the authors show that above mentioned products had the cyto- and genotoxic potential when tested on animal and human cell cultures, microorganisms and plants. With that, it was found that a list of relevant publications is quite small despite a significant growth in scientific research dedicated to food toxicity assessment using bioassays. A review on the conducted research on assessment of genotoxic and mutagenic effects of foods by bioassay methods will make it possible to extend the understanding of the processes and mechanisms of this toxicity and form more rational concept of consumption

History of spine surgery in older obese patients

Goal: To study the interaction of obesity and age in patients with multiple spine surgeries

Recurrent spine surgery patients in hospital administrative database

Introduction: Hospital patient databases are typically used by administrative staff to estimate loss-profit ratios and to help with the allocation of hospital resources. These databases can also be very useful in following rehospitalization. This paper studies the recurrence of spine surgery patients in our hospital population based on administrative data analysis

Using the mineral component of building refuse in heavy metals sorption from their mixture

The sorption properties of the sand-breakstone mixture based on the mineral component of building refuse of the 0-10 mm fraction with respect to Pb2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ ions were studied using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The mechanisms of accumulation of heavy metal ions on the surface of the mixture particles are described. It was found that after washing the contaminated material distilled water, the residual concentration of metals in the filtrate does not exceed the established sanitary and hygienic standards. The practical value of the work lies in the possibility of applying the results in reclamation of technogenic formations or production of materials for the technical stage of reclamation using technogenic soils

Modelling Game as Socio-Psychological Paradigm for Resolving Ethno-National Conflicts

The aim of this study was: (a) to evaluate the effectiveness of training to improve the intercultural behaviour of students; (b) to study and enrich their personal experience of resolving interethnic and international conflicts; and (c) to identify factors that contribute to the effective development of relevant skills that ensure social self-efficacy, reduce social avoidance, increase empathy and intercultural tolerance. The study used general scientific theoretical, empirical, experimental and statistical methods. To diagnose the dynamics of the studied variables – social self-efficacy, social avoidance, empathy, intercultural tolerance – “Scale of social self-efficacy of Fan and Mak”, “Situational scale of social avoidance”; checklists “Interpersonal skills”; “Basic scale for the diagnosis of empathy in adults”; diagnosis of the level of formation of intercultural tolerance were used. At the experimental stage of the study, a series of training based on modelling games (simulations) to resolve ethno-national conflicts was conducted. At the end of the training, a repeated diagnostic section of the dynamics of the above-mentioned variables and a semi-structured interview was conducted, which included 5 open-ended questions. The multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) of these variables in comparison with EG and CG groups revealed significant dynamics in the variables “social self-efficacy”, “empathy”, “intercultural tolerance” and minor changes in the variable “social avoidance”. The dynamics of the EG index was more significant. Respondents also praised the types of work such as working in groups, the model of providing feedback during game situations and presentations of student projects. The results of this study confirmed that the model based on simulation games (simulations) for resolving ethno-national conflicts was effective in improving social self-efficacy, empathy and intercultural tolerance and in lowering psychological barriers (social avoidance) of EG participants compared to CG individuals. Participants reported that this type of training allowed them to develop skills for future professional activities in a multicultural (poly-ethnic or poly-national) community

Pb, Sr and Nd Isotope Ratios of Permian-Triassic Flood Basalts in the Basement of the West Siberian Plate

Permian-Triassic flood basalts are widespread across an extremely large area of the Siberian plate in the pre-Jurassic basement of the West Siberian plate. We show that Permian-Triassic flood basalts are similar to the trap basalts of the Siberian Platform with regard to geochemical features and Pb, Sr and Nd isotopic composition. Strontium and neodymium isotope ratios indicate the contribution to the formation of the flood basalts of the EM1 reservoir. We will also show a possible contamination of basalt magma by the Palaeozoic island-arc and orogenic rock complexes

The investigation of the time characteristic of local polar inhomogeneities in paraelectric phase in relaxors and ferroelectric crystals: on the example of SrxBa1-xNb2O6 crystals with different chemical composition

The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research projects No. 18-02-00399 and State assignment No AAAAA17-117052410033-9. The experiments were performed in the multiple-access center “High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Gases and Condensed Matter” in IA&E SBRAS (Novosibirsk, Russia)

Diabetes mellitus, chronic pancreatitis and primary hyperparathyroidism: is there a connection?

Hyperparathyroidism is a relatively frequent condition characterized by hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone. There are several forms of primary hyperparathyroidism. Each form affects its target region. In the visceral form, nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis and peptic and duodenal ulcers are common. The pancreas is also a target organ. This article describes a clinical case of a patient with diabetes mellitus and previously treated primary hyperparathyroidism. The patient was admitted to the hospital due to poor glycaemic control. During the hospitalization, diabetes mellitus developed as a consequence of frequent relapses of chronic pancreatitis (outcome of the visceral form of primary hyperparathyroidism and severe hypertriglyceridemia). Glycaemic control was achieved after treatment of acute pancreatitis and insulin administration. This clinical case is an example of the impact of previous primary hyperparathyroidism (even after radical treatment and remission) on the development of a multi-faceted comorbidity