Auditorías de conocimiento. Análisis de dominio en las bases de datos Scopus y WoK

This an approach to the visualization of the domain knowledge audits, based on an analysis of the scientific production of the database Scopus and Wok between the years 1994–2010. Productivity was studied for years, most productive authors, publications, levels of collaboration between authors of this domain were used and most cited themes. Computer tools such as the Excel, ToolInf and Ucinet. In the studied period were published: 63 articles and 30 procedings. 93 works under the signature of 232 authors, proceeding were published. The most productive magazine was Lecture Notes in Computer Science, and authors with a major contribution to this topic were Wing–Bun Lee, Chi Fai Cheung, Elissaveta Gourova and Baimin M. Suo. Finally the results are depicted in different graphs and maps for viewing

Origen y distribución del pino piñonero (pinus pinea l.)

El pino piñonero (Pinus pinea L.) es un árbol incluido en el género Pinus, género más numeroso de las coníferas con más de un centenar de especies, perteneciente a la familia Pinaceae. Se trata de una especie típica del área del Mediterráneo, cuyo origen y distribución natural han sido cuestionados durante más de un siglo. Esta incertidumbre a la hora de identificar las poblaciones naturales y diferenciarlas de las antrópicas ha provocado opiniones contrapuestas entre los diferentes autores que han intentado definir su área natural. El interés, tanto en el pasado como en la actualidad por sus materias primas, como: semillas comestibles y madera, principalmente; así como el papel fundamental de las repoblaciones, han influido en la expansión de la especie y en el crecimiento de sus masas forestales. Estos motivos han propiciado la propagación de esta especie por distintos lugares del mundo, dificultando la identificación de las áreas en las que se desarrolla como especie nativa. El origen de las poblaciones de Pinus pinea tiene importantes consecuencias en las políticas de conservación del medio natural y también en las políticas forestales. Por ello, existe un amplio debate en la comunidad científica sobre este asunto. Mediante la realización de diferentes estudios: paleontológicos, ecológicos, arqueológicos y climáticos, se ha intentado esclarecer esta situación para así delimitar la distribución del pino piñonero y conocer su origen. En el presente trabajo, a partir de una breve caracterización, ubicación sistemática y desarrollo de los aspectos etnobotánicos de la especie en cuestión, se documentan las diferentes posiciones de los autores, las investigaciones realizadas sobre esta cuestión y se ofrece una discusión, considerando los diferentes argumentos en que se sustentan sus tesis las principales investigaciones sobre el área nativa de Pinus pinea.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Farmaci

La traición en la amistad

La traición en la amistad, la única obra teatral conservada de María de Zayas, es una historia de amor y de engaños entre hombres y mujeres, una historia que puede resultar a primera vista convencional, pero que tiene interés para los lectores modernos por ser abordada desde la perspectiva de la experiencia de una mujer, algo ciertamente poco habitual en el panorama del teatro del siglo XVII. Para esta edición crítica se ha utilizado el único testimonio que ha llegado hasta nosotros, el manuscrito conservado en la Biblioteca Nacional de España (signatura Res. 173), y se han tenido en cuenta diferentes ediciones modernas de la obra. El texto viene acompañado de diversas notas explicativas y de vocabulario, así como imágenes y fragmentos de vídeo

Las competencias informacionales como determinante para el uso equitativo de la información científi ca y la tecnología en salud

The acquisition of information competency is analyzed as a determinant for health professionals using updated, timely and validated in educational processes, care, research and management in the National Health System in Cuba factor information. Information literacy is approached from a social dimension and essential aspects that characterize it. A qualitative approach is applied; a literature review on the subject takes place. The importance of information skills for scientifi c and technological development is defi ned; and the factors that facilitate their training in the context of health sciences. It is conclusive that the main challenges for the equitable use of scientific information and health technology and the emergence of the paradigm of information literacy as a process that enables the individual to use for all its potentialities available information in traditional libraries and virtual environment

Las competencias informacionales como determinante para el uso equitativo de la información científica y la tecnología en salud

The acquisition of information competency is analyzed as a determinant for health professionals using updated, timely and validated in educational processes, care, research and management in the National Health System in Cuba factor information. Information literacy is approached from a social dimension and essential aspects that characterize it. A qualitative approach is applied; a literature review on the subject takes place. The importance of information skills for scientific and technological development is defined; and the factors that facilitate their training in the context of health sciences. It is conclusive that the main challenges for the equitable use of scientific information and health technology and the emergence of the paradigm of information literacy as a process that enables the individual to use for all its potentialities available information in traditional libraries and virtual environments.Se analiza la adquisición de competencias informacionales como un factor determinante para que los profesionales de la salud utilicen información actualizada, oportuna y validada en los procesos docentes, asistenciales, investigativos y gerenciales en el Sistema Nacional de Salud en Cuba. Se aborda la competencia informacional desde una dimensión social y se recogen los aspectos esenciales que la caracterizan. Se aplica un enfoque cualitativo, se realiza una revisión documental sobre el tema. Se define la importancia de las competencias informacionales para el desarrollo científico y tecnológico; así como los factores que facilitan su formación en el contexto de las ciencias de la salud. Es concluyente que los principales retos para el uso equitativo de la información científica y la tecnología en salud y el surgimiento del paradigma de la alfabetización informacional, como proceso que capacita al individuo para utilizar en todas sus potencialidades la información disponible en bibliotecas tradicionales y entornos virtuales

Mapping and Monitoring of the Invasive Species Dichrostachys cinerea (Marabú) in Central Cuba Using Landsat Imagery and Machine Learning (1994–2022)

[EN] Invasive plants are a serious problem in island ecosystems and are the main cause of the extinction of endemic species. Cuba is located within one of the hotspots of global biodiversity, which, coupled with high endemism and the impacts caused by various disturbances, makes it a region particularly sensitive to potential damage by invasive plants like Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. (marabú). However, there is a lack of timely information for monitoring this species, as well as about the land use and land cover (LULC) classes most significantly impacted by this invasion in the last few decades and their spatial distribution. The main objective of this study, carried out in Central Cuba, was to detect and monitor the spread of marabú over a 28-year period. The land covers for the years 1994 and 2022 were classified using Landsat 5 TM and 8 OLI images with three different classification algorithms: maximum likelihood (ML), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF). The results obtained showed that RF outperformed the other classifiers, achieving AUC values of 0.92 for 1994 and 0.97 for 2022. It was confirmed that the area covered by marabú increased by 29,555 ha, from 61,977.59 ha in 1994 to 91,533.47 ha in 2022 (by around 48%), affecting key land covers like woodlands, mangroves, and rainfed croplands. These changes in the area covered by marabú were associated, principally, with changes in land uses and tenure and not with other factors, such as rainfall or relief in the province. The use of other free multispectral imagery, such as Sentinel 2 data, with higher temporal and spatial resolution, could further refine the model’s accuracy.S

Water area and volume calculation of two reservoirs in Central Cuba using Remote Sensing Methods. A new perspective

[EN] The availability, quality and management of water constitute essential activities of national, regional and local governments and authorities. Historic annual rain (between 1961 and 2020) in Chambas River Basin (Central Cuba) was evaluated. Two remote sensing methods (Normalized Difference Water Index and RADAR images) were used to calculate the variation of water area and volumes of two reservoirs (Chambas II and Cañada Blanca) of Ciego de Ávila Province at end of wet and dry seasons from 2014-2021. The results showed that mean annual rain was 1330.9 ± 287.4 mm and it did not showed any significant tendency at evaluated period. For both reservoirs, mean water areas measured with two methods were 19 % and 8 % smaller than the mean water area reported by authorities for the same period. The static water storage capacity (water volume) of both reservoirs varied (as area) between seasons with the greatest volume in both reservoirs recorded in October of 2017 (30.5 million of m3 in Chambas II and 45.1 million of m3 in Cañada Blanca reservoir). Large deviations of water area and volumes occurred during the dry season (lower values) and the wet season of 2017 (influenced by rain associated to of Hurricane Irma) and wet season of 2020 (influenced by rain associated to tropical storm Laura). Calculated area – volume models with significant statistical correlation are another useful tool that could be used to improve water management in terms of accuracy and to increase reliable results in cases where gauge measurements are scarce or not available.S

Nuevos espacios y retos para los actuales profesionales de la información

This study approaches new opportunities for information professionals and the multiple facets in which they currently perform. This approach is marked by the globalization of info Communication and its intensive introduction in productive and service processes, e-commerce, corporate interconnection, social networks, ethical commitment and social responsibility, new ways to conduct research and socialize scientific findings, difficulties in storing and preserving documentary heritage and transformations in the professional’s ways of operating. These aspects are assessed based on the perspective of a change of paradigm in the information professional's practice assuming a more active protagonism in these scenarios. Thus, becoming an all-purpose professional who will be an innovator, a researcher, an educator, a consultant and a trainer who will continuously update and learn to be able to evolve and readjust to these new realities

Identification of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer germline variants in Granada (Spain): NGS perspective

Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUA. Maria Molina-Zayas has been a recipient of the 2018 AEFA Post-residency Grant (Spanish Association of Clinical Laboratory) and Dr. Carmen Garrido-Navas holds a postdoctoral fellowship from the Ministry of Economy, Competitiveness, Enterprises and Universities (DOC_01682).The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of germline variants in cancer-predisposing genes by either targeted (BRCA1/2) or multigene NGS panel in a high-risk Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) cohort. Samples from 824 Caucasian probands were retrospectively collected and the impact of genetic diagnosis and genetic variants epidemiology in this cohort was evaluated. Performance of risk-reducing prophylactic measures, such as prophylactic mastectomy and/or prophylactic oophorectomy, was assessed through clinical follow-up of patients with a positive genetic result. Pathogenic variants predisposing to HBOC were identified in 11.9% (98/824) individuals at BRCA2 (47/98), BRCA1 (24/98), PALB2 (8/51), ATM (7/51), CHEK2 (6/51) MSH6, (2/51), RAD51C (2/51) and TP53 (2/386). Of them, 11 novel pathogenic variants and 12 VUS were identified, characterized, and submitted to ClinVar. Regarding clinical impact, the risk of developing basal or Her2 breast cancer was increased 15.7 times or 37.5 times for BRCA1 and MSH6 pathogenic variants respectively. On the contrary, the risk of developing basal or luminal A breast cancer was reduced to 81% or 77% for BRCA2 and BRCA1 pathogenic variants, respectively. Finally, 53.2% of individuals testing positive for class IV/V variants underwent prophylactic surgery (mastectomy, oophorectomy or both) being significantly younger at the cancer diagnosis than those undertaking prophylactic measures (p = 0.008). Of them, 8 carried a pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant in other genes different from BRCA1 and BRCA2, and the remaining (46.7%) decided to continue with clinical follow-up. No differences in pathogenicity or risk of developing cancer were found for BRCA1/2 between targeted and multigene sequencing strategies; however, NGS was able to resolve a greater proportion of high-risk patients.Universidad de Granada/CBUA2018 AEFA Post-residency Grant (Spanish Association of Clinical Laboratory)Ministry of Economy, Competitiveness, Enterprises and Universities DOC_0168

Informational behavior on the Internet in students of Information Sciences, Universidad de Holguín

Fil: González Guitián, María Virginia. Universidad de Holguín. Facultad de Informática-Matemática. Departamento Ciencias de la Información; CubaFil: Zayas Pérez, María Rosa de. Universidad de Holguín. Facultad de Informática-Matemática. Departamento Ciencias de la Información; CubaFil: Núñez Grillo, María Mercedes. Universidad de Holguín. Facultad de Informática-Matemática. Departamento Ciencias de la Información; CubaFil: Rodríguez Arias, Kadiuska. Universidad de Holguín. Facultad de Informática-Matemática. Departamento Ciencias de la Información; CubaFil: González Sánchez, Ana Leonor. Universidad de Holguín. Facultad de Informática-Matemática. Departamento Ciencias de la Información; CubaSe analiza el comportamiento en la búsqueda de información en internet que asumen estudiantes de la carrera Ciencias de la Información en la Universidad de Holguín. La investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, aplicada con alcance descriptivo. Se aplicó una encuesta de nueve preguntas, a una muestra de 84 estudiantes, seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico aleatorio, para conocer: modalidad de estudio y año; formas mediante las cuales busca y recupera información en internet; objetivos que persigue; fuentes que consulta; formatos e idiomas, buscadores, plataformas, redes sociales y académicas que utiliza. Se observó que el 60,7% siempre buscan solos y el 90% nunca se auxilian de un bibliotecario. El 67,8% siempre buscan en Google Académico, mientras que el 60,7% señalan a Facebook como red social a la que acuden siempre, y en menor medida a WhatsApp. Solo un 42,8% usan las redes sociales académicas y en los tres últimos años de la carrera. Se enfatiza en la necesidad de ofrecer una mejor orientación docente, para que los estudiantes adquieran la ALFIN que les permita aprovechar las ventajas de las redes sociales académicas, así como adecuar los programas de estudio e incluir asignaturas optativas desde los primeros años, que contribuyan a formar las habilidades requeridas.The behavior in the search for information on the internet assumed by students of the Information Sciences career at the University of Holguín is analyzed. The research has a quantitative approach, not experimental, applied with a descriptive scope. A survey of nine questions was applied to a sample of 84 students, selected by random nonprobabilistic sampling, namely: Type of study and year; ways in which information on the internet is searched and recovered; objectives that it pursues; consulted sources; formats and languages; search engines, platforms, social and academic networks used. It was observed that 60.7% always search alone and 90% never seek the help of a librarian. 67.8% always search academic google, while 60.7% point to Facebook as the social network they always go to and, to a lesser extent, to WhatsApp. Only 42.8% use academic social networks and in the last three years of the degree. Emphasis is placed on the need to offer better teaching orientation, so that students acquire information literacy that allows them to take advantage of academic social networks, as well as adapt study programs and include optional subjects from the first years, which contribute to develop the required skills