Methods of Research of Shape Memory Effect and Superelasticity in the Alloy Ti-22%Nb-6%Zr

Cyclic tensile tests were carried out as applied to annealed foils of the superelastic Ti-22Nb-6Zr alloy (at.%) as well as indentation of these foils with an increasing amplitude of indenter intrusion in the sample at temperatures lowering from 20∘ down to -60-70∘C. Mechanical tests were performed on samples cut along andacross the rolling direction. According to the results of measurements of mechanical properties, it is established that during cyclic stretching of foils in the rolling direction, superelasticity manifests itself, and also material training is observed with subsequent preservation of the maximal renewable deformation. When the foil is loaded in the transverse direction, no superelasticity is observed, moreover, some samplesare destroyed even with a deformation of 2%. With a decrease in the annealing temperature of foils, the curve of the continuous change of loading with the depth of indenter penetration undergoes substantial changes, which indicate the appearance of a superelastic deformation under the indenter. Curves of monotonic loading and discharge undergo an inflection, and the plastic deformation region is substantially reduced. From the discharge curves in this case, we can calculate two elastic modules, typical for the usual elasticity and superelastic behavior of the alloy. In general, the main characteristics of the continuous indentation curve depend on the amount of the martensitic phase. The dependence of the modules of elasticity for foils, coolingdown to -(60-70∘C), and for their subsequent heating up to the room temperature is constructed

Regularities of Changes in Structure and Texture of Low Modulus Alloy Zr-25Nb at Cold Rolling of Monocrystals with Different Orientations

The paper presents the results of studying the regularities of formation of the rolling texture in single crystals of Zr-25%Nb alloy, with different initial orientation relative to the external principal directions in the sheet: normal (ND) and rolling direction (RD). Varying the initial orientation of the single crystal made it possible to reveal stable orientations, among which are textural components {001} <100>, {001} <110>, {111} <110> and {111} <112>. For orientation <111> of single crystal, in the matrix of a quasi-single crystal it was possible to detect a finely dispersed ω-phase, which causes the appearance of an extended halo in the diffraction spectrum. The presence o

Quest for Methods to Increase Aerobic Capacity in Cyclic Sports

Quest for new techniques to increase the aerobic training of the athletes, attempts to apply the methodology of training for semi-skilled athletes based on increasing of VO2 max (Maximal Oxygen Consumption) in slow twitch muscle fibersВ статье рассмотрены поиски новых методик повышения аэробной подготовки легкоатлетов, попытка применить методику тренировки на спортсменах средней квалификации, основанную на повышении МПК в отдельно взятых медленных мышечных волокна

Роль нейтрофилов в патогенезе ишемического инсульта

Background. Immune responses and inflammation play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.Aim. To analyze the involvement of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.Results. Data on the contribution of neutrophil granulocytes to the development of local sterile inflammation and secondary brain injury in acute ischemic stroke were summarized. Mechanisms of neutrophil influence on thrombosis, neutrophil extracellular trap formation (NETosis), protease release, and direct interaction with platelets with subsequent formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates were discussed. Available information on the effectiveness of reperfusion therapy and an association of changes in neutrophil activity with development of infectious complications of stroke were presented. In addition, research data were presented on the contribution of neutrophils to atherogenesis, which is one of the most important etiological factors in ischemic stroke. The review showed that the contribution of neutrophils to the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke is associated with implementation of their secretory, regulatory, and phagocytic functions, as well as with NETosis.Conclusion. It was shown that neutrophils are involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and modulate a response to treatment.Актуальность. Иммунные реакции и воспалительный процесс играют важную роль в патогенезе ишемического инсульта.Цель. На основании научных публикаций проанализировать вовлеченность нейтрофилов в патогенез ишемического инсульта.Результаты. Обобщены данные о вкладе нейтрофильных гранулоцитов в развитие локального асептического воспаления и вторичного повреждения мозга при остром инсульте. Обсуждены механизмы влияния нейтрофилов на процесс тромбообразования, образование нейтрофильных внеклеточных ловушек (нетоз), высвобождение протеаз и прямое взаимодействие с тромбоцитами с образованием лейкоцитарно-тромбоцитарных агрегатов. Приведены имеющиеся сведения об эффективности реперфузионной терапии, а также ассоциации изменений активности нейтрофилов с развитием инфекционных осложнений инсульта. Представлены данные исследований о вкладе нейтрофилов в атерогенез, являющийся одним из важнейших этиологических факторов ишемического инсульта. Показано, что участие нейтрофилов в патогенезе ишемического инсульта связано с реализацией их секреторных, регуляторных, фагоцитарных функций и с нетозом.Заключение. Установлено, что нейтрофилы принимают активное участие в патогенезе ишемического инсульта и модулируют ответ на лечение

Experience of radiotechnical college interaction with enterprises within the framework of realization of the fed-eral target program of development of professional education

В статье представлены результаты совместной деятельности в рамках реализации Федеральной целевой программы развития профессионального образования Каменск-Уральского радиотехнического техникума с предприятиями оборонно-промышленного комплекса участвовал в реализации.This article shows the results of Kamensk-Uralsky Radio technical College collaboration with the defenceindustrial sector enterprises in the framework of the implementation of the Federal tar-get program of professional education development

Amino-nitrile cleavage in the electrochemical reduction of hydeazones of aromatic aldehydes

1. Factors which determine the possibility of amino-nitrile cleavage of hydrazones on electrochemical reduction (ECR) include the basicity of the anionic product formed in the course of the ECR and the mobility of the aldehyde hydrogen which depends on the character of the electron polarization of the hydrazone fragment and the polarity of the N-N bond. 2. The primary action in amino-nitrile cleavage under conditions of ECR is the deprotonation of the azomethine fragment in the unreduced molecule by electrochemically generated strong base (anion or dianion). © 1988 Plenum Publishing Corporation

Biotransformation patterns of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by aerobic bacteria

2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT), a toxic nitroaromatic explosive, accumulates in the environment, making necessary the remediation of contaminated areas and unused materials. Although bioremediation has been utilized to detoxify TNT, the metabolic process involved in the metabolism of TNT have proven to be complex. The three aerobic bacterial strains reported here (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus sp., and Staphylococcus sp.) differ in their ability to biotransform TNT and in their growth characteristics in the presence of TNT. In addition, enzymatic activities have been identified that differ in the reduction of nitro groups, cofactor preferences, and the ability to eliminate-NO2 from the ring. The Bacillus sp. has the most diverse bioremediation potential owing to its growth in the presence of TNT, high level of reductive ability, and capability of removing-NO2 from the nitroaromatic ring

The role of the Sverdlovsk state medical institute in testing drugs, developed by the ural scientists

The article presents the contribution of scientists of Sverdlovsk state medical institute to the testing of new drugs developed in the Urals during pre-war years and the years of the great Patriotic war.В статье представлен вклад ученых Свердловского государственного медицинского института в апробацию новых лекарственных препаратов, разработанных на Урале в довоенные годы и годы Великой Отечественной войны

Reflection of the issues of the organization of medical care in the local periodical press in 1980-1990

The article considers the content of publications in the local press of the city of Rezh in the Sverdlovsk region in the 1980s on medical topics. It was found that the heads of the health care of the city of Rezh reported in detail to the population about the achievements and problems in the organization of medical care. Newspaper publications were also used as a tool to morally stimulate medical workers and increase the sanitary and hygiene literacy of the population.В статье рассмотрено содержание публикаций в местной печати г. Реж Свердловской области за 1980-е годы на медицинскую тематику. Установлено, что руководители режевского здравоохранения подробно отчитывались перед населением о достижениях и проблемах при организации медицинской помощи. Газетные публикации также использовались в качестве инструмента морального стимулирования медицинских работников и повышения санитарно-гигиенической грамотности населения

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: from aetiopathogenesis to therapeutic approaches

Abstract Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common paediatric rheumatological disorder and is classified by subtype according to International League of Associations for Rheumatology criteria. Depending on the number of joints affected, presence of extra-articular manifestations, systemic symptoms, serology and genetic factors, JIA is divided into oligoarticular, polyarticular, systemic, psoriatic, enthesitis-related and undifferentiated arthritis. This review provides an overview of advances in understanding of JIA pathogenesis focusing on aetiology, histopathology, immunological changes associated with disease activity, and best treatment options. Greater understanding of JIA as a collective of complex inflammatory diseases is discussed within the context of therapeutic interventions, including traditional non-biologic and up-to-date biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Whilst the advent of advanced therapeutics has improved clinical outcomes, a considerable number of patients remain unresponsive to treatment, emphasising the need for further understanding of disease progression and remission to support stratification of patients to treatment pathways