Effect of zinc from zinc sulfate on trace mineral concentrations of milk in Varamini ewes

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding supplemental zinc (zinc sulfate) in different levels (15, 30, or 45 mg/kg) on trace mineral concentrations in milk of ewes. Thirty lactating Varaminniewes were assigned to three experimental groups according to their live body weights, milk production and lambs sex in a completely randomized design. Ewes were fed a basal diet containing alfalfa, wheat straw, cottonseed meal, barley grain, wheat bran, cracked corn and vitamin-mineral supplements at 3.2% of body weight (BW) to meet NRC requirements for protein, energy and macro minerals. The basaldiet contained 15 mg/kg Zn and zinc sulfate was added to the basal diet to supply 30 or 45 mg/kg of dietary zinc. Daily milk yielded was recorded at 7 days intervals and samples of the milk were taken once per week for determination of milk composition and trace mineral concentration. Concentrations of Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe in milk were determined. Dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield and milk compositions were not affected by supplemental zinc (P > 0.05). But zinc concentrations in milk were affected by supplemental zinc (P 0.05). It suggests that supplementation of ewes diet with zinc sulfate could be an effective way to increase zinc concentration in milk when zinc concentration of basal diets is limited for ewes in lactation period

Effect of dietary cation-anion balance on milk production and blood mineral of Holstein cows during the last two months of pregnancy

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three diets with different cation-anion differences ((DCAD: mEq[(Na + K) − (Cl + S)]/100 g of dry matter)) in far-off and close-up period, on milk production and blood mineral of Holstein cows. Eighteen pregnant cows (220 - 225 d) were fed a base diet with three DCAD (+13 (control), 0, −13/100 g dry matter) for 60 ± 5 days. Control diet consisted of 170 g/kg corn silage, 396 g/kg alfalfa hay and 424 g/kg concentrate mix (dry matter basis). For decrease DCAD, two anionic salts such as ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphate were used. Production of milk and 3.5% fat corrected milk (FCM) were increased with decreasing DCAD. However, milk composition and yield of milk fat, protein and lactose were not affected by diets containing +13, 0 and −13 DCAD. In addition, prepartum dry matter intake, BCS change and body weight gains were similar for cows fed the three diets with different cation-anion differences. At calving, plasma calcium concentration was 6.55, 6.46 and 6.78 mg/dl for cows fed diets containing +13, 0 and −13 DCAD, respectively. Blood pH and concentration of K, Mg and Na were not affected by dietary cation-anion balance. Urinary pH of cows was affected by diets and was decreased linearly with decreasing DCAD. The mean urinary pH was 7.99, 6.81 and 6.11 for cows fed diets containing +13, 0 and −13 DCAD, respectively.Keywords: Metabolic disorders, pregnant cow, anionic saltsAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(36), pp. 5983-5988, 6 September, 201

Masalah yang Dihadapi Siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri 005 Desa Baru Kecamatan Siak Hulu Kabupatenkampar

The study is aimed at 1) finding out the description of students\u27 personal problems including both male and female. 2) finding out the description of students\u27 emotional problems including both male and female 3) finding out the description of students\u27 learning problems including both male and female. 4) finding out the description of students\u27 familial problems including both male and female. 5) finding out the description of students\u27 social problems including both male and female. 6) finding out the description of overall students\u27 problems. 7) finding out the category of students\u27 problems in general. The data dealing with student problem preferences based on personal, emotional, learning, familial, and social aspects were collected by using questionnaire. The subjects of the research are 200 students of State Elementary School 005 Baru Village, Siak Hulu Sub district whose choise were based on sex. The sampling technique is the total one. The research results showed that: 1) 60 moderate category male students (59%) and 55 moderate category female students (56%) experienced personal problems. 2) 97 moderate category male students (96%) and 91 moderate category female students (92%) experienced emotional problems. 3) 69 moderate category male students (68%) and 71 moderate category female students (72%) experienced learning problems. 4) 70 moderate category male students (69%) and 69 moderate category female students (70%) experienced familial problems. 5) 53 moderate category male students (52%) and 50 moderate category female students (51%) experienced social problems. 6) 97% male students and 91% female students experienced emotional problems, 70% male and 69% female students experienced familial problems, and 69% and 71% male and female students experienced learning problems. 7) In general, the problems experienced by male students and female students are emotional, familial and social in moderate category

A 10 Year Survey on Childhood CNS Tumors

AbstractObjectiveTumors of the central nervous system constitute the largest group of solid neoplasms in children and are second only to leukemia in their overall frequency during childhood. The main purpose of the present study is to determine the incidence, age, sex, location and histological diagnosis of CNS tumors in children, less than 15 years of age, in the Mofid Children's Hospital, in the past 10 years. Materials and MethodsIn this descriptive retrospective study we reviewed the medical records of 143 children with diagnosis of CNS tumors admitted during the past 10 years in neurology and surgery departments of Mofid Children's Hospital between the years 1996 and 2006.ResultsDuring the 10 year study period, CNS tumor was diagnosed in 143 patients; of these tumors, 119 were intracranial and 58 were intraspinal; 51.3% of brain tumors were located in the supratentorial and 48.7% in the infratentorial regions. The most common intracranial neoplasms were astrocytic tumors (36.8%), embryonal tumors (31.1%) and ependymal tumors (13.4%). Of the intraspinal neoplasms the most frequently noted were embryonal tumors(37.5%), mesenchymal meningothelial tumors (20.8%), followed by astrocytic tumors (16.7%). The median age at diagnosis was 8.9 ± 4.1 years with a male to female ratio of 1.4:1 (PConclusionBrain tumors in children constitute a diverse group in terms of incidence,distribution and histopathological diagnosis.

Study of genetic diversity in sunflower promising inbred lines using morphological traits

One of the most important factors in breeding programs advancement is the evaluation and quantification of genetic diversity in breeding population. In the preparation of pre-breeding population and hybrid production, selection of convenient parents that are efficiently distant, is so important. In order to precise description for the sunflower genetic stocks of the Oilseed Department (Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran), morphological traits and oil percentage of 49 promising inbred lines including 18 R-lines and 31 B-lines were studied using sunflower descriptor. These lines were planted based on a simple Lattice (7 x 7) design with 2 checks in 2005. Results of ANOVA revealed significant differences between the lines for almost all traits. Relationships between quantitative and quantitative traits, qualitative and quantitative traits and qualitative and qualitative traits were calculated, using correlation analysis, ANOVA and chi square method, respectively. Results showed that there is a negative correlation between oil percentage and 100 seed weight. Classification of lines based on cluster analysis grouped the lines in to two distinct male and female groups. Factor analysis, extracted 4 factors that altogether comprised 73.92% of total variation in data. Biplot analysis based on the first two principle components clearly separated male and female lines. According to these findings Heterotic plausible groups were suggested for future crosses and hybrid assessment

Extra-hepatic fascioliasis with peritoneal malignancy tumor feature

Fascioliasis is a zoonose parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica and is widespread in most regions of the world. Ectopic fascioliasis usually caused by juvenile Fasciola spp., but in recent years a few cases of tissue-embedded ova have been reported from different endemic areas. A 79-year-old Iranian man resident in Eird-e-Mousa village from Ardabil Province, north-west of Iran, complained with abdominal pain, nausea, and intestinal obstruction symptoms referred to Ardabil Fatemi hospital. In laparotomy multiple intestinal masses with peritoneal seeding resembling of a malignant lesion were seen. After appendectomy and peritoneal mass biopsy with numerous intraperitoneal adenopathy, paraffin embedded blocks were prepared from each tissues. A blood sample was taken from the patient 5 months later for serological diagnosis. Histopathological examination of sections showed fibrofatty stroma with dense mixed inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrosis in peritoneal masses. Large numbers of ova of Fasciola spp. were noted with typical circumscribed granulomas. Despite of anti-fasciola treatment, IHA test for detecting anti F. hepatica antibodies was positive 5 months after surgery with a titer of 1/128. Due to multiple clinical manifestation of extra-hepatic fascioliasis, its differential diagnosis from intraperitoneal tumors or other similar diseases should be considered

Evaluation of earth fault location algorithm in medium voltage distribution network with correction technique

This paper focused on studying an algorithm of earth fault location in the medium voltage distribution network. In power system network, most of the earth fault occurs is a single line to ground fault. A medium voltage distribution network with resistance earthing at the main substation and an earth fault attached along the distribution network is modeled in ATP Draw. The generated earth fault is simulated, and the voltage and current signal produced is recorded. The earth fault location algorithm is simulated and tested in MATLAB. The accuracy of the earth fault location algorithm is tested at several locations and fault resistances. A possible correction technique is explained to minimize the error. The results show an improvement fault location distance estimation with minimum error

Sentinel hospital-based surveillance of Rotavirus diarrhea in Iran

Background. Rotavirus is the most common causes of severe, acute diarrhea during childhood and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. We established active hospital-based surveillance of childhood diarrhea to assess the scope of severe rotavirus disease in Iran. Methods. From May 2006 through April 2007, prospective surveillance of rotavirus diarrhea among children aged <5 years was conducted in 5 sentinel hospitals in Iran. Stool samples were tested for rotavirus using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay, and rotavirus-positive samples were genotyped using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results. Of 2198 children admitted to the hospital for acute gastroenteritis, 1298 (59.1%) had stool samples test positive for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay. Of the rotavirus episodes, 85% occurred during the first 2 years of life, with the peak prevalence of severe rotavirus disease occurring from September through January. Among the 110 rotavirus-positive samples that were genotyped, G4P[8] was the most commonly detected rotavirus genotype (30.9% of strains). Other commonly detected genotypes included P[8] with G nontypeable (21.8%), G4 with P nontypeable (13.6%), G1[P8] (10.9%), and G2[P4] (5.5%). Conclusions. Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in Iran, which indicates that safe and effective rotavirus vaccination in Iran is a public health priority. © 2009 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved

Molecular Epidemiology of Cryptosporidiosis in Iranian Children, Tehran, Iran

Background: Cryptosporidium is a worldwide protozoan parasite and one of the most common causes of infection and diarrhea in humans and cattle. The aim of the present study was determina­tion of subtypes of Cryptosporidium among children with diarrhea in Tehran by se­quence analysis of the highly polymorphic 60-kDa glycoprotein (GP60) gene.Methods: Fecal samples were collected from 794 diarrheic children. Initial identification of Crypto­spo­ridium was carried out on stool samples by Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast staining method. DNA was extracted from positive microscopically samples and Cryptosporidium genotypes and subtypes were determined, accordingly."nResults: Out of 794 collected samples, 19 (2.40 %) were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts. Sequences analysis of GP60 gene showed that 17 (89.47 %) of the positive isolates were Crypto­spori­dium parvum and 2 (10.52 %) were C. hominis. All subtypes of C. parvum isolates belonged to allele families IIa (6/17) and IId (11/17). The most common allele in all 17 isolates belonged to IId A20G1a (41.18%). A22G1 (IF) subtype was detected in two C. hominis isolates of the chil­dren."nConclusion: The predominancy of C. parvum species (specially, IId A20G1a sub­type) in current study underlines the importance of zoonotic Cryptosporidium transmission in Iran