ENERGY EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF ERROR CORRECTION TECHNIQUES IN UNDERWATER WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Research in underwater acoustic networks has been developed rapidly to support large variety of applications such as mining equipment and environmental monitoring. As in terrestrial sensor networks; reliable data transport is demanded in underwater sensor networks. The energy efficiency of error correction technique should be considered because of the severe energy constraints of underwater wireless sensor networks. Forward error correction (FEC) andautomatic repeat request (ARQ) are the two main error correction techniques in underwater networks. In this paper, a mathematical energy efficiency analysis for FEC and ARQ techniques in underwater environment has been done based on communication distance and packet size. The effects of wind speed, and shipping factor are studied. A comparison between FEC and ARQ in terms of energy efficiency is performed; it is found that energy efficiency of both techniquesincreases with increasing packet size in short distances, but decreases in longer distances. There is also a cut-off distance below which ARQ is more energy efficient than FEC, and after which FEC is more energy efficient than ARQ. This cut-off distance decreases by increasing wind speed. Wind speed has great effecton energy efficiency where as shipping factor has unnoticeable effect on energy efficiency for both techniques

On the Use of Allen’s Interval Algebra in the Coordination of Resource Consumption by Transactional Business Processes

This paper presents an approach to coordinate the consumption of resources by transactional business processes. Resources are associated with consumption properties known as unlimited, limited, limited-but-extensible, shareable, and non-shareable restricting their availabilities at consumption-time. And, processes are associated with transactional properties known as pivot, retriable, and compensatable restricting their execution outcomes in term of either success or failure. To consider the intrinsic characteristics of both consumption properties and transactional properties when coordinating resource consumption by processes, the approach adopts Allen’s interval algebra through different time-interval relations like before, overlaps, and during to set up the coordination, which should lead to a free-of-conflict consumption. A system demonstrating the technical doability of the approach based on a case study about loan application business-process and a real dataset is presented in the paper, as well

Wi-Fi For Indoor Device Free Passive Localization (DfPL): An Overview

The world is moving towards an interconnected and intercommunicable network of animate and inanimate objects with the emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) concept which is expected to have 50 billion connected devices by 2020. The wireless communication enabled devices play a major role in the realization of IoT. In Malaysia, home and business Internet Service Providers (ISP) bundle Wi-Fi modems working in 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) radio band with their internet services. This makes Wi-Fi the most eligible protocol to serve as a local as well as internet data link for the IoT devices. Besides serving as a data link, human entity presence and location information in a multipath rich indoor environment can be harvested by monitoring and processing the changes in the Wi-Fi Radio Frequency (RF) signals. This paper comprehensively discusses the initiation and evolution of Wi-Fi based Indoor Device free Passive Localization (DfPL) since the concept was first introduced by Youssef et al. in 2007. Alongside the overview, future directions of DfPL in line with ongoing evolution of Wi-Fi based IoT devices are briefly discussed in this paper

AI-Based Analytics for Hawkers Identification in Video Surveillance for Smart Community

Street hawking is a widespread phenomenon in urban areas globally, presenting challenges for local authorities such as traffic congestion, waste management, and negative impacts on the city's image. This research addresses key issues faced by authorities in managing hawkers, including the resistance to formalization, maintaining urban aesthetics, waste disposal, and understanding user preferences. The study investigates the performance of the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm, utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for real-time object detection. To achieve thisobjective, the YOLOv5 algorithm is trained with a custom image dataset collected from the same camera along the street in the city area to detect five classes of objects, namely umbrella, table, stool, car, and people. Real images that were captured via camera and video surveillance were compiled as datasets which are then used to train and test the algorithm. The study aims to provide insights into the data collection process of hawkers along the street around the areas and the development of real-time hawker detection for the smart city application

Wideband Power Amplifier Based On Wilkinson Power Divider For S-Band Satellite Communications

This paper presents design and simulation of wideband power amplifier based on multi-section Wilkinson power divider. Class-A topology and ATF-511P8 transistor have been used. Advanced Design System (ADS) software used to simulate the designed power amplifier. The simulation results show an input return loss (S11)10 dB over the entire bandwidth, and an output power around 28dBm at the Centre frequency of 3GHz. The designed amplifier is stable over the entire bandwidth (K>1). Inter-modulation distortion is -65.187dBc which is less than-50dBc. The designed amplifier can be used for the microwave applications which include weather radar, satellite communication, wireless networking, mobile, and TV. © 2019 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved

Wideband power amplifier based on Wilkinson power divider for s-band satellite communications

This paper presents design and simulation of wideband power amplifier based on multi-section Wilkinson power divider. Class-A topology and ATF-511P8 transistor have been used. Advanced Design System (ADS) software used to simulate the designed power amplifier. The simulation results show an input return loss (S11)<-10dB, gain (S21)>10 dB over the entire bandwidth, and an output power around 28dBm at the Centre frequency of 3GHz. The designed amplifier is stable over the entire bandwidth (K>1). Inter-modulation distortion is -65.187dBc which is less than -50dBc. The designed amplifier can be used for the microwave applications which include weather radar, satellite communication, wireless networking, mobile, and TV

Enhanced Antenna Design for Rectenna Application in the 2.45 GHz ISM Band

In this paper a two layers microstrip antenna design at 2.45 GHz ISM band with Harmonic rejection filter embedded on the ground plane is presented. The two roger substrates with relative permittivity of 2.2 are separated by an air gap which enhances the antenna gain. The design is simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite 2015. Different aperture couplings slots such as rectangular and triangular aperture coupling slots are studied and compared. It is found that the antenna with triangular aperture coupling slot enhances the antenna performance by suppressing 2nd and 3rd harmonics at 5 GHz and 8 GHz, respectively, increasing the antenna gain and providing a better circular polarization behavior. The simulated antenna design achieves a gain of 9 dB, return loss of -23.6dB, axial ratio of 1.27dB and axial-ratio bandwidth of 40.8% (2 ~ 3 GHz). The proposed antenna shows an enhancement in the antenna performance which makes it a suitable candidate for rectifying antenna or rectenna application as it can increase the total conversion efficiency resulting in a high output DC voltage used to power low power electronic and electrical devices such as wireless sensor

Unlocking the Patterns of the Tunisian Durum Wheat Landraces Genetic Structure Based on Phenotypic Characterization in Relation to Farmer’s Vernacular Name

During the 1970s, Tunisian durum wheat landraces were replaced progressively by modern cultivars. These landraces are nowadays maintained by smallholder farmers in some ecological niches and are threatened gradually by extinction resulting in the narrowing of the genetic diversity. This study aims to investigate patterns of phenotypic variability using twelve quantitative traits in a panel of 189 durum wheat landraces and seven checks, based on farmer’s population name attribution and genetic structure. Our results showed high phenotypic variability among and within landraces and checks for ten out of twelve studied traits. The principal components analysis showed similar grouping using farmers name attribution and genetic structure using K = 6. These results confirmed the identification of a new gene pool in the oases of Tunisia, represented by the sub-population Jenah Zarzoura and the robustness and high relationships between phenotypic and genome-wide genetic structure using DArTseq method. These findings will enhance the conservation efforts of these landraces and their use in breeding efforts at national and international levels to adapt to dry conditions