Kepuasan Kerja dan Burnout Guru Pendidikan Jasmani di Daerah Langkawi

Kepuasan kerja yang tinggi amat penting untuk mengelakkan terjadinya gejala burnout dalam kalangan guru di sekolah. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap kepuasan kerja dan tahap burnout guru Pendidikan Jasmani di Daerah Langkawi. Selain itu, kajian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan antara kepuasan kerja dan burnout guru PJ. Hasil kajian ini mungkin dapat memberi gambaran tentang fenomena burnout dalam kalangan pendidik terutamanya guru PJ. Kajian ini merupakan kajian tinjauan yang melibatkan seramai 101 orang responden serta menggunakan borang soal selidik Job Descriptive Index (JDI) dan Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) sebagai instrumen kajian. Data yang dikumpul telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) versi 22.0. Secara keseluruhannya, tahap kepuasan kerja guru berada pada tahap yang tinggi. Dimensi penyeliaan, rakan sekerja, gaji dan kerja itu sendiri mencatatkan tahap kepuasan tinggi kecuali dimensi kenaikan pangkat yang mencatatkan tahap sederhana. Tahap burnout guru juga berada pada tahap sederhana bagi sub skala keletihan emosi, rendah bagi subskala depersonalisasi dan tinggi bagi sub skala pencapaian peribadi. Hasil kajian ujian analisis korelasi turut mendapati terdapat hubungan negatif yang lemah dan signifikan antara kepuasan kerja dengan dua sub skala burnout iaitu keletihan emosi dan depersonalisasi. Gejala burnout boleh dielakkan jika guru mendapat kepuasan kerja yang sepatutnya dengan mengekalkan persekitaran kerja yang menyeronokkan dan tekanan kerja yang minimum. Pihak atasan sekolah perlu lebih peka dengan kebajikan guru yang mengajar supaya kualiti pendidikan lebih terjamin bagi membantu kemenjadian murid terutama dalam menempuhi pembelajaran abad ke-21

Penggunaan Majas Perbandingan Pada Cerita Pendek Karangan Siswa SMK Negeri 1 Banyudono Kelas XI Akuntansi 2 Sebagai Bahan Ajar

This study has three objectives, 1) Describe the intrinsic elements that exist in short stories by students, 2) Describe what comparison figure of speech students use, 3) Describe the meaning of the comparison figure of speech used by students. The data used by the researcher is a statement that shows the part of the intrinsic elements and the comparison in the short story written by students of SMK Negeri 1 banyudono class XI Accounting 2. Technique collecting of the data in this study is the files, collect, and record. The data analysis uses the form unitization. The result of this study are 1) short stories written by students of SMK Negeri 1 Banyudono class XI Accounting 2 have noticed the intrinsic element in short story writing, 2) there are 69 pieces of comparison in a collection of short stories by students in SMK Negeri 1 Banyudono class XI Accounting 2, 3) the comparative majors often used by students are simile, while the least used are metaphor, alusi, and metonimia. Keywords: Short Story, Figure of Speec

3-Chloro­quinuclidinium chloride

The cation of the title compound, C7H13ClN+·Cl−, forms a linear hydrogen bond to the chloride anion. The cation is disordered about a mirror plane

2-Bromo-1,3-diphenyl­propan-1,3-dione

The title compound, C15H11BrO2, exists as a diketone in which the two benzoyl groups are nearly perpendicular to each other [dihedral angles = 79.9 (1) and 87.4 (1)° in the two independent mol­ecules]

Bis(O-n-butyl dithio­carbonato-κ2 S,S′)bis­(pyridine-κN)manganese(II)

The structure of the title manganese complex, [Mn(C5H9OS2)2(C5H5N)2] or [Mn(S2CO-n-Bu)2(C5H5N)2], consists of discrete monomeric entities with Mn2+ ions located on centres of inversion. The metal atom is coordinated by a six-coordinate trans-N2S4 donor set with the pyridyl N atoms located in the apical positions. The observed slight deviations from octa­hedral geometry are caused by the bite angle of the bidentate κ2-S2CO-n-Bu ligands [69.48 (1)°]. The O(CH2)3(CH3) chains of the O-n-butyl dithio­carbonate units are disordered over two sets of sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.589 (2):0.411 (2)

catena-Poly[[diaqua­bis­(3-methyl­pyridine-κN)cobalt(II)]-μ-sulfato-κ2 O:O′]

The environment of the CoII ion in the title compound, [Co(SO4)(C6H7N)2(H2O)2]n, exhibits an octa­hedral configuration with the two 3-methyl­pyridine ligands lying in cis positions with respect to each other and trans to the two coordinated water mol­ecules. The axial positions are occupied by O atoms of the sulfate ions. Co and S atoms occupy special positions (twofold axis, Wyckoff position 4c). Neighboring CoII ions are covalently connected with each other through the sulfate ions, thus creating infinite polymeric chains that run along the c axis. The water mol­ecules are connected with neighboring sulfate ions through strong O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Intra­molecular hydrogen bonds parallel to the propagation direction of the chains stabilize the polymeric chains, and inter­molecular hydrogen bonds between chains connect neighboring chains with each other, thus leading to polymeric double chains

Cloning, expression and characterization of the endoglucanase gene from Bacillus subtilis UMC7 isolated from the gut of the indigenous termite Macrotermes malaccensis in Escherichia coli

AbstractBackgroundBacillus subtilis UMC7 isolated from the gut of termite Macrotermes malaccensis has the ability to secrete a significant amount of extracellular endoglucanase, with an enzyme activity of 0.12±0.01μmol/min/mL. However, for economically viable industrial applications, the enzyme needs to be expressed in a heterologous host to overcome the low enzyme production from the wild-type strain.ResultsThe endoglucanase gene from B. subtilis UMC7 was successfully cloned and expressed. A higher enzyme activity was observed in the intracellular fraction of the recombinant clone (0.51±0.02μmol/min/mL) compared with the cell-bound fraction (0.37±0.02μmol/min/mL) and the extracellular fraction (0.33±0.01μmol/min/mL). The recombinant endoglucanase was approximately 56kDa, with optimal enzyme activity at 60°C and pH6.0. The activity of the enzyme was enhanced by the addition of Ca2+. However, the enzyme was inhibited by other metal ions in the following order: Fe3+>Ni2+>Cu2+>Mn2+=Zn2+>Mg2+>Cd2+>Cr2+. The enzyme was able to hydrolyze both low- and high-viscosity carboxymethyl-cellulose (CMC), avicel, cotton linter, filter paper and avicel but not starch, xylan, chitin, pectin and p-nitrophenyl α-d-glucopyranoside.ConclusionsThe recombinant endoglucanase showed a threefold increase in extracellular enzyme activity compared with the wild-type strain. This result revealed the potential of endoglucanase expression in E. coli, which can be induced for the overexpression of the enzyme. The enzyme has a broad range of activity with high specificity toward cellulose

Production of Biocellulosic Ethanol from Wheat Straw

Wheat straw is an abundant lignocellulosic feedstock in many parts of the world, and has been selected for producing ethanol in an economically feasible manner. It contains a mixture of sugars (hexoses and pentoses).Two-stage acid hydrolysis was carried out with concentrates of perchloric acid, using wheat straw. The hydrolysate was concentrated by vacuum evaporation to increase the concentration of fermentable sugars, and was detoxified by over-liming to decrease the concentration of fermentation inhibitors. After two-stage acid hydrolysis, the sugars and the inhibitors were measured. The ethanol yields obtained from by converting hexoses and pentoses in the hydrolysate with the co-culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipites were higher than the ethanol yields produced with a monoculture of S. cerevisiae. Various conditions for hysdrolysis and fermentation were investigated. The ethanol concentration was 11.42 g/l in 42 h of incubation, with a yield of 0.475 g/g, productivity of 0.272 gl ·h, and fermentation efficiency of 92.955 %, using a co-culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipite

Diaqua­(1,4,8,11-tetra­aza­cyclo­tetra­decane-κ4 N 1,N 4,N 8,N 11)copper(II) dihepta­noate dihydrate

The CuII atom in the title salt, [Cu(C10H24N4)(H2O)2][CH3(CH2)5CO2]2·2H2O, is chelated by the four N atoms of the 1,4,8,11-tetra­aza­cyclo­tetra­decane (cyclam) ligand and is coordinated by two water mol­ecules in a tetra­gonally Jahn–Teller-distorted octa­hedral geometry. The CuII atom lies on a center of inversion. The cations, anions and uncoordinated water mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a layer structure parallel to (100). The alkyl chain of the anion is disordered over two positions in a 0.82 (1):0.18 (1) ratio

Diaqua­(1,4,8,11-tetra­aza­cyclo­tetra­decane-κ4 N 1,N 4,N 8,N 11)copper(II) bis­(4-methyl­benzoate) monohydrate

The CuII atom in the title salt, [Cu(C10H24N4)(H2O)2](C8H7O2)2·H2O, is chelated by the four N atoms of the 1,4,8,11-tetra­aza­cyclo­tetra­decane (cyclam) ligand and is coordinated by two water mol­ecules in a Jahn–Teller-type of tetra­gonally distorted octa­hedral geometry. The cations, anions and lattice water mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form a layer structure parallel to (001)