Desain Playground Modular Bagi PAUD untuk Lahan Terbatas

- Pendidikan anak usia dini atau yang biasa disingkat PAUD menjadi sebuah fenomena yang kian marak di berbagai tempat. Fasilitas bermain menjadi suatu poin penting dalam perkembangan pendidikan anak, yang diantaranya adalah playground. Playground merupakan salah satu sarana bermain sambil belajar yang merangsang perkembangan kemampuan anak seperti kemampuan kognitif, motorik, dan sensori. Namun, kerapkali lahan yang tersedia untuk playground sangat terbatas, akibatnya banyak PAUD yang tidak memiliki fasilitas playground yang memadai. Hal inilah yang menjadi latar belakang perancangan playground modular untuk tempat dengan lahan terbatas. Variabel yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah murid-murid dari TK Islam Masjid Jendral Sudirman Surabaya beserta eksistingnya. Metode pemecahan masalah didasarkan pada aspek-aspek yang berkaitan dengan anak usia 0-5 tahun. Aspek-aspek tersebut diantaranya adalah antopometri anak, psikologi anak, kemampuan kognitif, motorik, dan sensoris anak, serta kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi oleh anak. Dari beragam aspek tersebut, nantinya akan diperoleh sebuah konsep perancangan berupa pemecahan dari masalah utama. Maka dapat diambil kesimpulan, bahwa diperlukan playground yang mengoptimalkan kreatifitas pengguna dalam membentuk playground sendiri sesuai keinginan. Hasil yang didapatkan dari perancangan adalah berupa jenis playground dengan sistem modular yang memfokuskan rangsangan terhadap kognitif, mototris, dan sensorik anak namun tetap membebaskan kreatifitas anak dengan 3 alternatif permainan utama yakni, balancing beam, children climber, dan childern tube

Pemikiran Ekonomi Syariah Menurut Muhammad Abdul Mannan dan Muhammad Baqir Al-Sadr

This article discusses Islamic economic thinking according to Muhammad Abdul Mannan and Muhammad Baqir as-Sadr. The purpose of writing this article is to find out the similarities and differences in the economic thought of Muhammad Abdul Mannan and Muhammad Baqir as-Sadr. This research is library research and is qualitative. The data were obtained through books, journal articles, and the internet, especially those discussing Islamic economics and the works of Muhammad Abdul Mannan and Muhammad Baqir as-Sadr. The data collected were analyzed comparatively. The study results conclude that Mannan and as-Sadr have the same thoughts in terms of income distribution to ensure the welfare of all elements of society in a country. The economic problem does not lie in production or the scarcity of resources, but rather due to unequal and unfair distribution due to the financial system that allows the exploitation of the strong against the weak. According to Abdul Mannan, the difference between Baqir and Mannan's thoughts is that production can combine the traditional economy and the market. At the same time, Baqir As Sadr only supports government planning and does not consider market forces. M. A. Mannan allowed private ownership, while Baqir Ash-Sadr limited private ownership to use rights only

Emergence of pathway-level composite biomarkers from converging gene set signals of heterogeneous transcriptomic responses

Recent precision medicine initiatives have led to the expectation of improved clinical decision-making anchored in genomic data science. However, over the last decade, only a handful of new single-gene product biomarkers have been translated to clinical practice (FDA approved) in spite of considerable discovery efforts deployed and a plethora of transcriptomes available in the Gene Expression Omnibus. With this modest outcome of current approaches in mind, we developed a pilot simulation study to demonstrate the untapped benefits of developing disease detection methods for cases where the true signal lies at the pathway level, even if the pathway's gene expression alterations may be heterogeneous across patients. In other words, we relaxed the cross-patient homogeneity assumption from the transcript level (cohort assumptions of deregulated gene expression) to the pathway level (assumptions of deregulated pathway expression). Furthermore, we have expanded previous single-subject (SS) methods into cohort analyses to illustrate the benefit of accounting for an individual's variability in cohort scenarios. We compare SS and cohort-based (CB) techniques under 54 distinct scenarios, each with 1,000 simulations, to demonstrate that the emergence of a pathway-level signal occurs through the summative effect of its altered gene expression, heterogeneous across patients. Studied variables include pathway gene set size, fraction of expressed gene responsive within gene set, fraction of expressed gene responsive up- vs down-regulated, and cohort size. We demonstrated that our SS approach was uniquely suited to detect signals in heterogeneous populations in which individuals have varying levels of baseline risks that are simultaneously confounded by patient-specific "genome -by-environment" interactions (GxE). Area under the precision-recall curve of the SS approach far surpassed that of the CB (1st quartile, median, 3 rd quartile: SS = 0.94, 0.96, 0.99; CB= 0.50, 0.52, 0.65). We conclude that single-subject pathway detection methods are uniquely suited for consistently detecting pathway dysregulation by the inclusion of a patient's individual variability.University of Arizona Health Sciences CB2, the BIOS Institute; NIH [U01AI122275, HL132532, CA023074, 1UG3OD023171, 1R01AG053589-01A1, 1S10RR029030]Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Forecasting natural gas consumption in Istanbul using neural networks and multivariate time series methods

Due to copyright restrictions, the access to the full text of this article is only available via subscription.The fast changes and developments in the world's economy have substantially increased energy consumption. Consequently, energy planning has become more critical and important. Forecasting is one of the main tools utilized in energy planning. Recently developed computational techniques such as genetic algorithms have led to easily produced and accurate forecasts. In this paper, a natural gas consumption forecasting methodology is developed and implemented with state-of-the-art techniques. We show that our forecasts are quite close to real consumption values. Accurate forecasting of natural gas consumption is extremely critical as the majority of purchasing agreements made are based on predictions. As a result, if the forecasts are not done correctly, either unused natural gas amounts must be paid or there will be shortages of natural gas in the planning periods

PENETAPAN KADAR FLAVONOID EKSTRAK RAMBUT JAGUNG MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS

Indonesia is an agricultural country with extraordinary natural wealth. Indonesia is also the 6th country with the largest corn production in the world. In the city of Medan, there are many corn sellers who do not pay attention to waste from corn such as corn husks and hairs. Corn silk as one part of corn that is not used properly. Hair is just a waste that pollutes the environment. This study aims to analyze the content of corn silk so that it can be applied according to the content contained in corn silk. Corn silk was extracted using the ultrasonication method and 70% ethanol solvent for 1 hour and the thick extract was obtained using a rotary evaporator, then a phytochemical screening test was carried out to determine what secondary metabolites were contained in corn silk using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 200 -400 nm The results of the phytochemical screening test showed that corn silk contained alkaloids and flavonoids. UV-VIis spectrophotometry using a standard solution of quercetin. The flavonoid content in the corn silk extract sample was 2.99%

PENETAPAN KADAR FLAVONOID EKSTRAK RAMBUT JAGUNG MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS

Indonesia is an agricultural country with extraordinary natural wealth. Indonesia is also the 6th country with the largest corn production in the world. In the city of Medan, there are many corn sellers who do not pay attention to waste from corn such as corn husks and hairs. Corn silk as one part of corn that is not used properly. Hair is just a waste that pollutes the environment. This study aims to analyze the content of corn silk so that it can be applied according to the content contained in corn silk. Corn silk was extracted using the ultrasonication method and 70% ethanol solvent for 1 hour and the thick extract was obtained using a rotary evaporator, then a phytochemical screening test was carried out to determine what secondary metabolites were contained in corn silk using UV-Vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 200 -400 nm The results of the phytochemical screening test showed that corn silk contained alkaloids and flavonoids. UV-VIis spectrophotometry using a standard solution of quercetin. The flavonoid content in the corn silk extract sample was 2.99%

Measuring and evaluating efficiency of hospitals through total quality management: A multi-criteria data envelopment analysis model

The purpose of this study is to measure and evaluate the efficiency of 12 hospitals in Turkey using a multi-criteria Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology. Number of beds, number of physicians and the critical factors of total quality management in the health care sector were used as inputs of the model. The outputs used in this analysis incorporated financial and non-financial performance of hospitals, number of outpatients and number of patient days. Performance of the hospitals was measured using subjective measures based on executive's perception of how their organization performed relative to the competition. Results provide management with information regarding the relatively best practice hospitals in the observation sets and locate the relatively inefficient hospitals by comparison with the best practice ones. At last some suggestions are made for the least efficient hospital. © 2007 by The Haworth Press. All rights reserved

Model Ketahanan Kelompok Tani pada Wilayah dan Komoditas yang Berbeda di Jawa

The Green Revolutions failure caused many farmer groups to cease their activities, even though they had to fulfill many needs. This situation created a need to develop a model for group survival. With those afore mentioned background, this research was conducted. Data was collected in September and October 2005 involving rice, soybean, corn and vegetables farmer groups in the east, central and west Java. The research findings pointed out that there was a relationship between the group survival and their adaptation, goal attainment, integration and latency functions. The group survival rates were higher in central and east Java than in west Java. Additionally, the vegetable and rice farmer group survival rates were higher than the soybean and corn farmer groups. The adaptation, the goal attainment and the integration functions were more strategic for farmer groups in the west and east Java and also for vegetable farmer groups such as soybean and corn group wereas the strategic function were adaptation and integration