38 research outputs found

    The Jurassic Laberge Group in the Whitehorse Trough of the Canadian Cordillera: Using Detrital Mineral Geochronology and Thermochronology to Investigate Tectonic Evolution

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    The Laberge Group is an Early to Middle Jurassic sequence of mostly siliciclastic sedimentary rocks that were deposited in a marginal marine environment in the northern Canadian Cordillera. It forms a long narrow belt with a total thickness of 3–4 km extending for more than 600 km across southern Yukon and northwestern British Columbia. These sedimentary rocks overlap the Yukon-Tanana, Stikinia and Cache Creek terranes that form the main components of the Intermontane superterrane. The Laberge Group contains a record of the erosion of some of these terranes, and also offers some constraints on the timing of their amalgamation and accretion to the Laurentian margin. The Laberge Group was deposited with local unconformity on the Late Triassic Stuhini Group (in British Columbia) and correlative Lewes River Group (in Yukon), both of which are volcanic-rich, and assigned to the Stikinia terrane. The Laberge Group is in turn overlain by Middle Jurassic to Cretaceous clastic rocks, including the Bowser Lake Group in BC and the Tantalus Formation in Yukon. Clast compositions and detrital zircon populations within the Laberge Group and between it and these bounding units indicate major shifts in depositional environment, basin extent and detrital sources from Late Triassic to Late Jurassic. During the Early Jurassic clast compositions in the Laberge Group shifted from sediment- and volcanic-dominated to plutonic-dominated, and detrital zircon populations are dominated by grains that yield ages that approach or overlap their inferred depositional ages. This pattern is consistent with progressive dissection and unroofing of (an) active arc(s) to eventually expose Triassic to Jurassic plutonic suites. Detrital rutile and muscovite data from the Laberge Group indicate rapid cooling and then exhumation of adjoining metamorphic rocks during the Early Jurassic, allowing these to contribute detritus on a more local scale. The most likely source for such metamorphic detritus is within the Yukon-Tanana terrane, and its presence in the Laberge Group may constrain the timing of amalgamation and accretion of the Yukon-Tanana and Stikinia terranes. Thermochronological data also provide new insights into the evolution of the Laberge Group basin. Results from the U–Th/(He) method on detrital apatite suggest that most areas experienced post-depositional heating to 60°C or more, whereas U–Th/(He) results from detrital zircon show that heating to more than 200°C occurred on a more local scale. In detail, Laberge Group cooling and exhumation was at least in part structurally controlled, with more strongly heated areas situated in the footwall of an important regional fault system. The thermochronological data are preliminary, but they suggest potential to eventually constrain the kinematics and timing of inversion across the Laberge Group basin and may also have implications for its energy prospectivity. In summary, the Laberge Group is a complex package of sedimentary rocks developed in an active, evolving tectonic realm, and many questions remain about the details of its sources and evolution. Nevertheless, the available information demonstrates the potential of combined geochronological and thermochronological methods applied to detrital minerals to unravel links between regional tectonics, basin development and clastic sedimentation.Le groupe de Laberge est une sĂ©quence du Jurassique infĂ©rieur Ă  moyen composĂ©e principalement de roches sĂ©dimentaires silicoclastiques qui se sont dĂ©posĂ©es dans un milieu margino-marin, dans le nord de la CordillĂšre canadienne. Il forme une longue ceinture Ă©troite d'une Ă©paisseur totale de 3 Ă  4 km s'Ă©tendant sur plus de 600 km Ă  travers le sud du Yukon et le nord-ouest de la Colombie-Britannique. Ces roches sĂ©dimentaires chevauchent les terranes Yukon-Tanana, Stikinia et Cache Creek qui forment les principales composantes du superterrane Intermontagneux. Le groupe de Laberge contient un enregistrement de l'Ă©rosion de certains de ces terranes, et offre Ă©galement certaines contraintes sur la datation de leur amalgamation et de leur accrĂ©tion Ă  la marge laurentienne. Le groupe de Laberge a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©posĂ© avec une discordance locale sur le groupe de Stuhini du Trias supĂ©rieur (en Colombie-Britannique) et le groupe corrĂ©latif de Lewes River (au Yukon), tous deux riches en volcans et attribuĂ©s au terrane de Stikinia. Le groupe de Laberge est Ă  son tour recouvert de roches clastiques du Jurassique moyen Ă  CrĂ©tacĂ©, comprenant le groupe de Bowser Lake en Colombie-Britannique et la formation de Tantalus au Yukon. Les compositions de clastes et les populations de zircons dĂ©tritiques au sein du groupe de Laberge et entre celui-ci, et ces unitĂ©s limitrophes indiquent des changements majeurs dans l'environnement de dĂ©pĂŽt, l'Ă©tendue du bassin et les sources dĂ©tritiques du Trias supĂ©rieur jusqu’au Jurassique supĂ©rieur. Au cours du Jurassique infĂ©rieur, les compositions des clastes du groupe de Laberge sont passĂ©es d'une prĂ©dominance sĂ©dimentaire et volcanique Ă  une prĂ©dominance plutonique, et les populations de zircons dĂ©tritiques sont dominĂ©es par des grains qui donnent des Ăąges qui se rapprochent ou chevauchent l’ñge prĂ©sumĂ© de leur dĂ©position. Ce modĂšle est cohĂ©rent avec la dissection progressive et le dĂ©voilement d'un ou plusieurs arcs actifs pour Ă©ventuellement exposer les suites plutoniques du Trias au Jurassique. Les donnĂ©es sur le rutile dĂ©tritique et la muscovite du groupe de Laberge indiquent un refroidissement rapide puis une exhumation des roches mĂ©tamorphiques adjacentes au cours du Jurassique infĂ©rieur, permettant Ă  celles-ci d’ajouter des dĂ©bris Ă  une Ă©chelle plus locale. La source la plus probable de ces dĂ©bris mĂ©tamorphiques se trouve dans le terrane Yukon-Tanana, et sa prĂ©sence dans le groupe de Laberge peut apporter des contraintes sur la datation de l'amalgamation et de l'accrĂ©tion des terranes Yukon-Tanana et Stikinia. Les donnĂ©es thermo-chronologiques apportent Ă©galement de nouveaux Ă©clairages sur l'Ă©volution du bassin du groupe de Laberge. Les rĂ©sultats de la mĂ©thode U–Th/(He) sur l'apatite dĂ©tritique suggĂšrent que la plupart des rĂ©gions ont Ă©tĂ© soumises Ă  des conditions de tempĂ©rature post-dĂ©pĂŽt de 60°C ou plus, tandis que les rĂ©sultats U–Th/(He) sur zircon dĂ©tritique montrent que des conditions de tempĂ©rature de plus de 200° C se sont produites Ă  une Ă©chelle plus locale. Dans le dĂ©tail, le refroidissement et l'exhumation du groupe de Laberge Ă©taient au moins en partie structurellement contrĂŽlĂ©s, avec des rĂ©gions plus fortement chauffĂ©es situĂ©es dans le mur d'un important systĂšme de failles rĂ©gionales. Les donnĂ©es thermo-chronologiques sont prĂ©liminaires, mais elles suggĂšrent un potentiel pour Ă©ventuellement contraindre la cinĂ©matique et le moment de l'inversion Ă  travers le bassin du groupe de Laberge et peuvent Ă©galement avoir des implications sur sa capacitĂ© Ă©nergĂ©tique.En rĂ©sumĂ©, le groupe de Laberge est un ensemble complexe de roches sĂ©dimentaires dĂ©veloppĂ©es dans un domaine tectonique actif et en Ă©volution, et de nombreuses questions demeurent quant aux dĂ©tails de ses sources et de son Ă©volution. NĂ©anmoins, les informations disponibles dĂ©montrent le potentiel de la combinaison des mĂ©thodes gĂ©ochronologiques et thermo-chronologiques appliquĂ©es aux minĂ©raux dĂ©tritiques pour dĂ©mĂȘler les liens entre la tectonique rĂ©gionale, le dĂ©veloppement du bassin et la sĂ©dimentation clastique

    Paleozoic Evolution of the Yukon-Tanana Terrane of the North American Cordillera, NW British Columbia

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    The origins and primary relationships between tectono-stratigraphic units are fundamental to the terrane concept in accretionary orogens, but they are challenging to assess in metamorphic terranes. In NW British Columbia, three tectonically bounded metamorphic suites of the Yukon-Tanana terrane formed in distinct tectonic settings, based on high-spatial-resolution geochronology and immobile trace-element geochemistry. The Florence Range suite comprises late Neoproterozoic or younger to pre–latest Devonian metasedimentary rocks derived from continental crust, 360 ± 4 Ma calc-alkaline intermediate orthogneiss, and 357 ± 4 Ma amphibolite with oceanic-island basalt composition, consistent with rifting of a continental margin. The detrital signature is dominated by late Mesoproterozoic zircon, which indicates different sources than other parts of the Yukon-Tanana terrane. The Boundary Ranges suite comprises pre–Late Devonian metasedimentary rocks derived in part from a mafic source, amphibolite derived from subduction-zone metasomatized mantle, and 369 ± 4 Ma to 367 ± 7 Ma calc-alkaline felsic to intermediate orthogneiss. The Whitewater suite comprises meta-chert, graphite-rich metapelite, and amphibolite with back-arc basin basalt composition consistent with an anoxic basin near a volcanic source. Our data indicate that the Florence Range and Boundary Ranges suites were separate until at least the Early Mississippian and may have formed a composite terrane since the Permian, whereas the relationship with the Whitewater suite is uncertain. We compare the Paleozoic evolution of the Yukon-Tanana terrane in NW British Columbia with several modern analogues in the west and southwest Pacific Ocean

    The Jurassic Laberge Group in the Whitehorse Trough of the Canadian Cordillera: Using Detrital Mineral Geochronology and Thermochronology to Investigate Tectonic Evolution

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    The Laberge Group is an Early to Middle Jurassic sequence of mostly siliciclastic sedimentary rocks that were deposited in a marginal marine environment in the northern Canadian Cordillera. It forms a long narrow belt with a total thickness of 3–4 km extending for more than 600 km across southern Yukon and northwestern British Columbia. These sedimentary rocks overlap the Yukon-Tanana, Stikinia and Cache Creek terranes that form the main components of the Intermontane superterrane. The Laberge Group contains a record of the erosion of some of these terranes, and also offers some constraints on the timing of their amalgamation and accretion to the Laurentian margin. The Laberge Group was deposited with local unconformity on the Late Triassic Stuhini Group (in British Columbia) and correlative Lewes River Group (in Yukon), both of which are volcanic-rich, and assigned to the Stikinia terrane. The Laberge Group is in turn overlain by Middle Jurassic to Cretaceous clastic rocks, including the Bowser Lake Group in BC and the Tantalus Formation in Yukon. Clast compositions and detrital zircon populations within the Laberge Group and between it and these bounding units indicate major shifts in depositional environment, basin extent and detrital sources from Late Triassic to Late Jurassic. During the Early Jurassic clast compositions in the Laberge Group shifted from sediment- and volcanic-dominated to plutonic-dominated, and detrital zircon populations are dominated by grains that yield ages that approach or overlap their inferred depositional ages. This pattern is consistent with progressive dissection and unroofing of (an) active arc(s) to eventually expose Triassic to Jurassic plutonic suites. Detrital rutile and muscovite data from the Laberge Group indicate rapid cooling and then exhumation of adjoining metamorphic rocks during the Early Jurassic, allowing these to contribute detritus on a more local scale. The most likely source for such metamorphic detritus is within the Yukon-Tanana terrane, and its presence in the Laberge Group may constrain the timing of amalgamation and accretion of the Yukon-Tanana and Stikinia terranes. Thermochronological data also provide new insights into the evolution of the Laberge Group basin. Results from the U–Th/(He) method on detrital apatite suggest that most areas experienced post-depositional heating to 60°C or more, whereas U–Th/(He) results from detrital zircon show that heating to more than 200°C occurred on a more local scale. In detail, Laberge Group cooling and exhumation was at least in part structurally controlled, with more strongly heated areas situated in the footwall of an important regional fault system. The thermochronological data are preliminary, but they suggest potential to eventually constrain the kinematics and timing of inversion across the Laberge Group basin and may also have implications for its energy prospectivity.In summary, the Laberge Group is a complex package of sedimentary rocks developed in an active, evolving tectonic realm, and many questions remain about the details of its sources and evolution. Nevertheless, the available information demonstrates the potential of combined geochronological and thermochronological methods applied to detrital minerals to unravel links between regional tectonics, basin development and clastic sedimentation.Le groupe de Laberge est une sĂ©quence du Jurassique infĂ©rieur Ă  moyen composĂ©e principalement de roches sĂ©dimentaires silicoclastiques qui se sont dĂ©posĂ©es dans un milieu margino-marin, dans le nord de la CordillĂšre canadienne. Il forme une longue ceinture Ă©troite d'une Ă©paisseur totale de 3 Ă  4 km s'Ă©tendant sur plus de 600 km Ă  travers le sud du Yukon et le nord-ouest de la Colombie-Britannique. Ces roches sĂ©dimentaires chevauchent les terranes Yukon-Tanana, Stikinia et Cache Creek qui forment les principales composantes du superterrane Intermontagneux. Le groupe de Laberge contient un enregistrement de l'Ă©rosion de certains de ces terranes, et offre Ă©galement certaines contraintes sur la datation de leur amalgamation et de leur accrĂ©tion Ă  la marge laurentienne. Le groupe de Laberge a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©posĂ© avec une discordance locale sur le groupe de Stuhini du Trias supĂ©rieur (en Colombie-Britannique) et le groupe corrĂ©latif de Lewes River (au Yukon), tous deux riches en volcans et attribuĂ©s au terrane de Stikinia. Le groupe de Laberge est Ă  son tour recouvert de roches clastiques du Jurassique moyen Ă  CrĂ©tacĂ©, comprenant le groupe de Bowser Lake en Colombie-Britannique et la formation de Tantalus au Yukon. Les compositions de clastes et les populations de zircons dĂ©tritiques au sein du groupe de Laberge et entre celui-ci, et ces unitĂ©s limitrophes indiquent des changements majeurs dans l'environnement de dĂ©pĂŽt, l'Ă©tendue du bassin et les sources dĂ©tritiques du Trias supĂ©rieur jusqu’au Jurassique supĂ©rieur. Au cours du Jurassique infĂ©rieur, les compositions des clastes du groupe de Laberge sont passĂ©es d'une prĂ©dominance sĂ©dimentaire et volcanique Ă  une prĂ©dominance plutonique, et les populations de zircons dĂ©tritiques sont dominĂ©es par des grains qui donnent des Ăąges qui se rapprochent ou chevauchent l’ñge prĂ©sumĂ© de leur dĂ©position. Ce modĂšle est cohĂ©rent avec la dissection progressive et le dĂ©voilement d'un ou plusieurs arcs actifs pour Ă©ventuellement exposer les suites plutoniques du Trias au Jurassique. Les donnĂ©es sur le rutile dĂ©tritique et la muscovite du groupe de Laberge indiquent un refroidissement rapide puis une exhumation des roches mĂ©tamorphiques adjacentes au cours du Jurassique infĂ©rieur, permettant Ă  celles-ci d’ajouter des dĂ©bris Ă  une Ă©chelle plus locale. La source la plus probable de ces dĂ©bris mĂ©tamorphiques se trouve dans le terrane Yukon-Tanana, et sa prĂ©sence dans le groupe de Laberge peut apporter des contraintes sur la datation de l'amalgamation et de l'accrĂ©tion des terranes Yukon-Tanana et Stikinia. Les donnĂ©es thermo-chronologiques apportent Ă©galement de nouveaux Ă©clairages sur l'Ă©volution du bassin du groupe de Laberge. Les rĂ©sultats de la mĂ©thode U–Th/(He) sur l'apatite dĂ©tritique suggĂšrent que la plupart des rĂ©gions ont Ă©tĂ© soumises Ă  des conditions de tempĂ©rature post-dĂ©pĂŽt de 60°C ou plus, tandis que les rĂ©sultats U–Th/(He) sur zircon dĂ©tritique montrent que des conditions de tempĂ©rature de plus de 200° C se sont produites Ă  une Ă©chelle plus locale. Dans le dĂ©tail, le refroidissement et l'exhumation du groupe de Laberge Ă©taient au moins en partie structurellement contrĂŽlĂ©s, avec des rĂ©gions plus fortement chauffĂ©es situĂ©es dans le mur d'un important systĂšme de failles rĂ©gionales. Les donnĂ©es thermo-chronologiques sont prĂ©liminaires, mais elles suggĂšrent un potentiel pour Ă©ventuellement contraindre la cinĂ©matique et le moment de l'inversion Ă  travers le bassin du groupe de Laberge et peuvent Ă©galement avoir des implications sur sa capacitĂ© Ă©nergĂ©tique.En rĂ©sumĂ©, le groupe de Laberge est un ensemble complexe de roches sĂ©dimentaires dĂ©veloppĂ©es dans un domaine tectonique actif et en Ă©volution, et de nombreuses questions demeurent quant aux dĂ©tails de ses sources et de son Ă©volution. NĂ©anmoins, les informations disponibles dĂ©montrent le potentiel de la combinaison des mĂ©thodes gĂ©ochronologiques et thermo-chronologiques appliquĂ©es aux minĂ©raux dĂ©tritiques pour dĂ©mĂȘler les liens entre la tectonique rĂ©gionale, le dĂ©veloppement du bassin et la sĂ©dimentation clastique

    A Note on the Timing and Nature of the Moho Geometry and Upper Mantle Structure Beneath Southern New England

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    Abstract New seismic imaging by Luo et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099013) revealed two important lithosphere‐scale structures beneath southern New England: a large offset of the Moho near the suture between Laurentia and accreted exotic terranes, and a remnant of west‐dipping slab rooted in easternmost New England. Formation of a crustal‐scale east‐dipping thrust ramp that offsets the Moho near the Taconic suture, appears to have formed during the Late Paleozoic and hence highlights the potential of reactivation of pre‐existing major structures. Formation of the west‐dipping slab beneath New England also probably is a late feature since there is no evidence it was affected by the late Devonian to Carboniferous collapse of the orogenic Acadian plateau and associated lithospheric thinning, and neither is there any sign that it was impacted by the formation and ascent of the tholeiitic CAMP magmatism in the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic Hartford basin

    Geology of the Hoodoo Mountain Area (NTS 104B/14W)

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    International audienc

    Dynamics of accretion of arc and backarc crust to continental margins: inferences from the Annieopsquotch accretionary tract, Newfoundland Appalachians

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    The Annieopsquotch accretionary tract comprises a thrust stack of Lower to Middle Ordovician arc and backarc terranes that were accreted to the Laurentian margin of Iapetus during Middle to Upper Ordovician. Geological relationships suggest that the constituent terranes of the Annieopsquotch accretionary tract initially formed outboard of a peri-Laurentian Dashwoods microcontinent in an extensional arc, but occupied a lower plate setting with respect to Dashwoods during accretion. Metamorphic mineral assemblages indicate that the terranes were underplated beneath the composite Laurentian margin at depths ranging from ~ 3 km up to > 18 km. We infer the accretion of the terranes to be controlled by the brittle–ductile transition in the hydrated crust. The decoupling of brittle from ductile crust resulted in very high aspect ratios of the terranes, which comprise thin (< 5 km) but very large (up to 25 × 250 km) slabs of supracrustal arc rocks and ophiolite crust. Arc basement and ophiolitic mantle are not preserved and were either underplated at a greater depth or subducted and recycled back in the mantle. The accreted crust forms a reasonable approximation to bulk continental crust requiring little post-accretionary modification; hence, the accretion of arc–backarc complexes which occupy a lower plate setting can form an important mechanism for creation of new continental crust required to balance crustal loss at convergent margins
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