800 research outputs found
Quasiparticles as composite objects in the RVB superconductor
We study the nature of the superconducting state, the origin of d-wave
pairing, and elementary excitations of a resonating valence bond (RVB)
superconductor. We show that the phase string formulation of the t-J model
leads to confinement of bare spinon and holon excitations in the
superconducting state, though the vacuum is described by the RVB state. Nodal
quasiparticles are obtained as composite excitations of spinon and holon
excitations. The d-wave pairing symmetry is shown to arise from short range
antiferromagnetic correlations
Lightest scalars as chiral partners of the Nambu--Goldstone bosons
We review the spectrum of lightest scalar resonances recently determined
using dispersion techniques. The conceptual difference between the pole mass
and the bare mass (or the line--shape mass) is stressed. The nature of the
lightest scalars are discussed and we argue, without relying on any model
details, that the , , and may
be understood as chiral partners of the Nambu--Goldstone bosons in the linear
realization of chiral symmetry. But there remains some difficulties in
understanding the role of in this picture.Comment: Invited talk given by Zheng at QCD06, Montpellier, France, July 3--7,
200
An improved study of the kappa resonance and the non-exotic wave scatterings up to GeV of LASS data
We point out that the dispersion relation for the left hand cut integral
presented in one of our previous paper (Nucl. Phys. {\bf A}733(2004)235) is
actually free of subtraction constant, even for unequal mass elastic
scatterings. A new fit to the LASS data~\cite{Aston} is performed and firm
evidence for the existence of pole is found. The correct use of
analyticity also put strong constraints on threshold parameters -- which are
found to be in good agreement with those obtained from chiral theories. We also
determined the pole parameters of on the second sheet, and
reconfirm the existence of on the third sheet. We stress that the
LASS data do not require them to have the twin pole structure of a typical
Breit--Wigner resonance.Comment: 14 pages + 4 postscript figures; discussions largely expanded;
references added; version to appear in NPA; title changed in the journa
Bandgap properties of two-dimensional low-index photonic crystals
We study the bandgap properties of two-dimensional photonic crystals created
by a lattice of rods or holes conformed in a symmetric or asymmetric triangular
structure. Using the plane-wave analysis, we calculate a minimum value of the
refractive index contrast for opening both partial and full two-dimensional
spectral gaps for both TM and TE polarized waves. We also analyze the effect of
ellipticity of rods and holes and their orientation on the threshold value and
the relative size of the bandgap.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, App. Phys. B. styl
Graphene-like carbon sheet/Fe3O4 nanocomposites derived from soda papermaking black liquor for high performance lithium ion batteries
Alkali lignins and its degradation products in the soda papermaking black liquor (SPBL) are renewable resource with the highest natural carbon content. In this work we convert SPBL into the high-performance carbon-based nanocomposite anodes. The unique functional groups of lignin biomass induce spontaneous formation of graphene-like carbon sheet (GCS) in-situ doped SiC/S. The lamellar GCS/FeO nanocomposite (GCS/FO-NC) is facilely prepared via one-step in-situ thermo-chemical method at 700\ua0°C, in which donut shaped FeO nanoparticles with superlattices and inner surface are homogeneously embedded in the interlayer of GCS and are also anchored on its surface. The GCS/FO-NC anode exhibits a ultrahigh first discharge specific capacity of 3829\ua0mAh\ua0g at 50\ua0mA\ua0g in a coin-type Li ion battery, which is more than 4 times the theoretical capacity (924\ua0mAh\ua0g) of FeO and 5 times that of the graphene anode (744\ua0mAh. g). Even at a high current density (1000\ua0mA\ua0g), it still exhibits a high reversible capacity (750\ua0mAh\ua0g) after 1400 discharge/charge cycles. More importantly, the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand of SPBL is up to 83.4% during the synthesis process, which reduce its load to environment and synthetic cost of carbon-based nanocomposite anodes
Pulse Shape Discrimination Techniques in Scintillating CsI(Tl) Crystals
There are recent interests with CsI(Tl) scintillating crystals for Dark
Matter experiments. The key merit is the capability to differentiate nuclear
recoil (nr) signatures from the background -events due to
ambient radioactivity on the basis of their different pulse shapes. One of the
major experimental challenges is to perform such pulse shape analysis in the
statistics-limited domain where the light output is close to the detection
threshold. Using data derived from measurements with low energy 's and
nuclear recoils due to neutron elastic scatterings, it was verified that the
pulse shapes between -events are different. Several methods of
pulse shape discrimination are studied, and their relative merits are compared.
Full digitization of the pulse shapes is crucial to achieve good
discrimination. Advanced software techniques with mean time, neural network and
likelihood ratios give rise to satisfactory performance, and are superior to
the conventional Double Charge method commonly applied at higher energies.
Pulse shape discrimination becomes effective starting at a light yield of about
20 photo-electrons. This corresponds to a detection threshold of about 5 keV
electron-equivalence energy, or 4050 keV recoil kinetic energy, in realistic
experiments.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figure
Measurement of the Intrinsic Radiopurity of Cs-137/U-235/U-238/Th-232 in CsI(Tl) Crystal Scintillators
The inorganic crystal scintillator CsI(Tl) has been used for low energy
neutrino and Dark Matter experiments, where the intrinsic radiopurity is an
issue of major importance. Low-background data were taken with a CsI(Tl)
crystal array at the Kuo-Sheng Reactor Neutrino Laboratory. The pulse shape
discrimination capabilities of the crystal, as well as the temporal and spatial
correlations of the events, provide powerful means of measuring the intrinsic
radiopurity of Cs-137 as well as the U-235, U-238 and Th-232 series. The event
selection algorithms are described, with which the decay half-lives of Po-218,
Po-214, Rn-220, Po-216 and Po-212 were derived. The measurements of the
contamination levels, their concentration gradients with the crystal growth
axis, and the uniformity among different crystal samples, are reported. The
radiopurity in the U-238 and Th-232 series are comparable to those of the best
reported in other crystal scintillators. Significant improvements in
measurement sensitivities were achieved, similar to those from dedicated
massive liquid scintillator detector. This analysis also provides in situ
measurements of the detector performance parameters, such as spatial
resolution, quenching factors, and data acquisition dead time.Comment: 28 pages, 12 figure
Studies of Prototype CsI(Tl) Crystal Scintillators for Low-Energy Neutrino Experiments
Crystal scintillators provide potential merits for the pursuit of low-energy
low-background experiments. A CsI(Tl) scintillating crystal detector is being
constructed to study low-energy neutrino physics at a nuclear reactor, while
projects are underway to adopt this technique for dark matter searches. The
choice of the geometrical parameters of the crystal modules, as well as the
optimization of the read-out scheme, are the results of an R&D program.
Crystals with 40 cm in length were developed. The detector requirements and the
achieved performance of the prototypes are presented. Future prospects for this
technique are discussed.Comment: 32 pages, 14 figure
- …