Analisis Dimensi Proses Pelarutan Tablet Effervescent Sari Buah Markisa

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji proses pelarutan tablet effervescent sari buah markisa menggunakan analisis dimensi. Variabel yang diamati adalah massa bahan, volume bahan, kadar air, suhu transisi gelas, peningkatan suhu selama pengepresan, volume air, suhu air, densitas air, gaya tekan, dan kecepatan penekanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada proses pelarutan tablet adalah massa bahan, volume bahan, kadar air, suhu transisi gelas, peningkatan suhu selama pengepresan, volume air, suhu air, densitas air, gaya tekan, dan kecepatan penekanan. Konsentrasi padatan terlarut meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya waktu pelarutan kemudian terjadi keseimbangan

Pengembangan Desa Wisata Berbasis Community Based Tourism Pada Kawasan Danau Ranau Lumbok Seminung Lampung Barat

Danau Ranau merupakan danau terbesar kedua di Pulau Sumatera, secara geografis wilayahnya terletak antara Kabupaten Ogan Kemiring Ulu Selatan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan dan Kabupaten Lampung Barat Provinsi Lampung. Danau Ranau di Lampung Barat terletak di Kecamatan Lumbok Seminung. Danau Ranau Kabupaten Lampung Barat sangat potensial dalam pengembangan berbasis masyarakat. Community Based Tourism (CBT) merupakan konsep pengembangan desa wisata yang membutuhkan partisipasi masyarakat lokal dalam pengembangannya sejak mulai tahap perencanaan, implementasi, hingga tahap pengawasan. Masyarakat lokal yang memiliki kewenangan untuk mengelola dan mengembangkan daerah wisatanya sendiri untuk peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat daerah perencanaan dan keberlanjutan kebudayaan lokal serta sumber daya alam yang tersedia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan masukan strategi dan rekomendasi terhadap pengembangan dan pengelolaan desa wisata di kawasan wisata Danau Ranau Lumbok Seminung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Potensi dan masalah pada wilayah penelitian yang dilakukan analisis, selanjutnya akan menjadi acuan dalam perencanaan kawasan wisata Danau Ranau berbasis Community Based Tourism (CBT). Strategi dan pendekatan yang dapat diterapkan di Kawasan Wisata Danau Ranau Lumbok Seminung dengan pendekatan Community Based Tourism (CBT) diantaranya, melibatkan masyarakat dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan pariwisata, mengedukasi masyarakat terkait cara berinteraksi dengan wisatawan; meningkatkan kualitas pengorganisasian masyarakat sadar wisata, memberi peluang masyarakat untuk melakukan kegiatan ekonomi di Kawasan Danau Ranau, membentuk organisasi masyarakat budaya di kawasan wisata, pengembangan kegiatan wisata alam, budaya serta buatan, dan meningkatkan pelayanan terhadap pengunjung, bekerjasama antara Dinas Pariwisata dengan masyarakat dalam pemanduan wisata

EVALUATING CORPORATE MARINE PLASTIC POLLUTION REDUCTION PLEDGES: ACHIEVING PLASTIC REDUCTIONS OR CONTRIBUTING TO GREENWASHING

This paper examines major corporations\u27 commitments and performance in reducing virgin plastic production, aligning corporate initiatives with tangible outcomes. It draws on sustainability governance literature and analyzes plastic reduction strategies by industry leaders such as SC Johnson, PepsiCo, Coca-Cola, Borealis, Nestlé, and Unilever. By synthesizing corporate reports and scholarly literature, the research provides an understanding of corporate plastic reduction within the framework of Sustainable Development Goal 14 (SDG 14), which focuses on marine conservation. The study evaluates the alignment of corporate commitments with SDG 14, identifying genuine environmental stewardship and potential greenwashing. It employs three methodologies: transparency, accountability, and science-based targets, assessing the clarity of corporate reporting, responsibility for meeting goals, and effectiveness in achieving plastic reduction pledges. The findings highlight the need for adaptable strategies and resilient commitments to address plastic pollution, offering practical recommendations for enhancing transparency, accountability, and the implementation of science-based targets in corporate plastic reduction pledges

Novel C8orf37 mutations cause retinitis pigmentosa in consanguineous families of Pakistani origin

Purpose: To investigate the molecular basis of retinitis pigmentosa in two consanguineous families of Pakistani origin with multiple affected members. Methods: Homozygosity mapping and Sanger sequencing of candidate genes were performed in one family while the other was analyzed with whole exome next-generation sequencing. A minigene splicing assay was used to confirm the splicing defects. Results: In family MA48, a novel homozygous nucleotide substitution in C8orf37, c.244–2A>C, that disrupted the consensus splice acceptor site of exon 3 was found. The minigene splicing assay revealed that this mutation activated a cryptic splice site within exon 3, causing a 22 bp deletion in the transcript that is predicted to lead to a frameshift followed by premature protein truncation. In family MA13, a novel homozygous null mutation in C8orf37, c.555G>A, p.W185*, was identified. Both mutations segregated with the disease phenotype as expected in a recessive manner and were absent in 8,244 unrelated individuals of South Asian origin. Conclusions: In this report, we describe C8orf37 mutations that cause retinal dystrophy in two families of Pakistani origin, contributing further data on the phenotype and the spectrum of mutations in this form of retinitis pigmentosa

Haldane's Fractional Statistics and the Lowest Landau Level on a Torus

The Lowest Landau Level on a torus is studied. The dimension of the many-body Hilbert space is obtained and is found to be different from the formula given by Haldane. Our result can be tested in numerical investigations of the low-energy spectrum of fractional quantum Hall states on a torus.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex. Small modifications. The modified version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett., Feb., 199

Proof of Concept for the Dual Membrane Cell: Fabrication and Electrochemical Testing of First Prototypes

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Weed Dynamics in Maize (Zea mays L.) as Influenced by Pre and Post-emergence Herbicides under Temperate Conditions of Western Himalayan Region

Field experiments were conducted in 2017-18 during main cropping seasons of the year 2017 and 2018 at Dryland (Karewa) Agriculture Research Station, SKUAST-K to determine the effect of different post and pre emergence herbicides application on weed dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications and variety used was Bio-605. Five treatments Five treatments viz, Atrazine 50% WP @ 1.0 kg ha-1 as pre-emergence and Paraquat dichloride 24% SL @ 0.5 kg ha-1, 2,4-D sodium salt 58% WSC @ 1.0 kg ha-1 as post-emergence herbicides (application at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds), hand weeding as standard check and weedy check as control were used. Effect of different herbicides on weed density was found significant. in plots managed with hand weeding, no weed was recorded. The Atrazine treated plots @ 1.0 kg ai ha-1 as pre-emergence had the weed population of 5.51, 5.4, 3.73, 5.12, 4.28 and 41.4m-2 , respectively in Echinochloa spp., Eleusine indica, Digitaria sanguinalis, Amaranthus viridis, Sorghum halepense and Cyperus spp.  However, the maximum population of weeds was recorded in weedy check with 21.54 m-2, 20.87 m-2, 19.16  m-2, 21.5 m-2, 16.7 m-2 and 60.7 m-2. No significant difference was observed between Paraquat dichloride 24% SL @ 0.5 kg ai ha-1 and 2,4- D Sodium salt 58% WSC  @ 1.0 kg ai ha-1 except for Cyperus spp. with density of 51.37 m-2 and 43.04 m-2 respectively. The potential of the atrazine in controlling weeds thereby enhancing yield of maize was found in this study

Human cerebrovascular contractile receptors are upregulated via a B-Raf/MEK/ERK-sensitive signaling pathway

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cerebral ischemia results in a rapid increase in contractile cerebrovascular receptors, such as the 5-hydroxytryptamine type 1B (5-HT_1B), angiotensin II type 1 (AT₁), and endothelin type B (ET_B) receptors, in the vessel walls within the ischemic region, which further impairs local blood flow and aggravates tissue damage. This receptor upregulation occurs via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. We therefore hypothesized an important role for B-Raf, the first signaling molecule in the pathway. To test our hypothesis, human cerebral arteries were incubated at 37°C for 48 h in the absence or presence of a B-Raf inhibitor: SB-386023 or SB-590885. Contractile properties were evaluated in a myograph and protein expression of the individual receptors and activated phosphorylated B-Raf (p-B-Raf) was evaluated immunohistochemically.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>5-HT_1B, AT₁, and ET_Breceptor-mediated contractions were significantly reduced by application of SB-590885, and to a smaller extent by SB-386023. A marked reduction in AT₁receptor immunoreactivity was observed after treatment with SB-590885. Treatment with SB-590885 and SB-386023 diminished the culture-induced increase of p-B-Raf immunoreactivity.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>B-Raf signaling has a key function in the altered expression of vascular contractile receptors observed after organ culture. Therefore, specific targeting of B-Raf might be a novel approach to reduce tissue damage after cerebral ischemia by preventing the previously observed upregulation of contractile receptors in smooth muscle cells.</p

EFFECTS OF HIGH DIETARY CALCIUM AND LOW PHOSPHORUS ON URINARY SYSTEM OF BROILER CHICKS

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of high dietary calcium and low phosphorus on urinary system of broiler chicks. A total of 90 (day-old) broiler chicks were divided into three equal groups A, B and C. The chicks were reared for 42 days on three experimental rations. Calcium:phosphorus ratio in the feed for groups A, B and C was maintained as 1:0.5 (control), 2:0.5 and 3:0.5, respectively. Various parameters studied included serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations, FCR, kidney:body weight ratio, and pathological examination of urinary system. The birds fed on high dietary calcium and low phosphorus revealed hypercalcaemia and hypophosphataemia in their sera. The FCR and mean kidney:body weight ratio of treatment groups was higher than the control group. The urinary system of the treated birds, in general, displayed inflammatory lesions, showing abnormalities of colour, size, shape and texture of kidneys and ureters. The ureters also showed occlusion and distention. The microscopic examination of the kidneys showing gross pathological lesions revealed common histopathological changes in glomeruli, tubular cells and interlobular veins

Hypersensitivity to Thromboxane Receptor Mediated Cerebral Vasomotion and CBF Oscillations during Acute NO-Deficiency in Rats

), NO-deficiency is often associated with activation of thromboxane receptors (TP). In the present study we hypothesized that in the absence of NO, overactivation of the TP-receptor mediated cerebrovascular signaling pathway contributes to the development of vasomotion and CBF oscillations. synthesis by ozagrel (10 mg/kg iv.) attenuated it. In isolated MCAs U-46619 in a concentration of 100 nM, which induced weak and stable contraction under physiological conditions, evoked sustained vasomotion in the absence of NO, which effect could be completely reversed by inhibition of Rho-kinase by 10 µM Y-27632.These results suggest that hypersensitivity of the TP-receptor – Rho-kinase signaling pathway contributes to the development of low frequency cerebral vasomotion which may propagate to vasospasm in pathophysiological states associated with NO-deficiency