Developing The Students' Ability In Reading Through Speed Reading Technique

This study was designed to improve the Students' Ability in Reading through Speed Reading at the first year of SMKN 1 Watunohu. The writer formulated a study question “How can speed reading developing the students' ability in reading at the second year of first year of SMKN 1 Watunohu?” In addition, the objective of the study was generally aimed to improve the students' reading ability through speed reading at the first year of SMKN 1 Watunohu.The design of this study was collaborative Classroom Action Research (CAR). It means that when doing the study, the writer collaborated with the English teacher of first year of SMKN 1 Watunohu. The subject of this study was the first year of SMKN 1 Watunohu in academic year of 2014/2015. This study was conducted in two cycles.The development of students' ability in reading at the first year of SMKN1 Watunohu supported by some evidences. First, it could be seen from the improvement of the average students' value which showed from preliminary study the students only reached average 43.56 or only 32% or 6 from 26 students got the score greater than or equal to 72. Second, the average of the students' value was58.74 in the first cycle where only 44% or 8 from 26 students got the score greater than or equal to 72.Meanwhile in the second cycle, the average value of the students' reading ability through speed reading became 87.42, there were 88.00% or 24 from 26 students got the greater than or equal to 72. Third, the students were actively involved in the teaching and learning process. It can be seen from the result of analysis of observation sheet. So it can be concluded that speed reading can improve the students' reading ability at the first year of SMKN 1 Watunoh

Analisis Kemampuan, Motivasi dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Kasus PT. Thamrin Brothers Yamaha Palembang)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemampuan, motivasi, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 80 karyawan PT. Thamrin Brothers Yamaha Palembang. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Analisis Komponen Utama dan Analisis Regresi Komponen Utama. Dari hasil analisis komponen utama diperoleh satu komponen utama bersama yaitu komponen utama internal (kemampuan, motivasi, dan lingkungan kerja) yang dipertahankan dengan kontribusi keragaman 72,193%. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa satu komponen utama bersama tersebut berpengaruh nyata terhadap kinerja karyawan Perusahaan dengan koefisien determinasi 42,8%. Secara parsial, komponen utama internal berpengaruh nyata terhadap kinerja karyawan sebesar 48,5%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka peningkatan kinerja karyawan berdasarkan komponen utama internal dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan, berturut-turut, motivasi kerja, kemampuan kerja, dan lingkungan kerja

Kelayakan Finansial Pengembangan Usaha Tani dalam suatu Wilayah Lingkar Tambang Emas di Kabupaten Bombana, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara

EnglishGold mining have positive contribution to the regional economic growth, but cause negative impacts to farmers in the mining ring area. The purpose of this study is to evaluate financial feasibility of farming and to identify the best farming practices within a gold mining ring area in Bombana District of Southeast Sulawesi Province. Data were collected through personal interviews with farmers and focused group discussion using the word cafe format. The respondents consist of purposively selected 90 farmers and 37 resource persons representing stakeholders. Financial feasibility was analyzed using the B/C ratio and the farming best practices were selected using the Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) analysis through the Preference Ranking Organization for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE). The study shows that there are three types of land in the mining ring area, namely, land that is not mined, land that has not been mined, and land that has been mined. All crops cultivated by farmers are financially feasible. The PROMETHEE analysis shows that the non-mined land should be developed for plantation crops, the land that has not been mined is best for food crop farmings; and the mined land is best utilized for forestry crops.IndonesianPertambangan emas dapat memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi wilayah, namun juga berdampak negatif terhadap petani di wilayah lingkar tambang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan finansial USAha tani dan mengidentifikasi USAha tani apakah yang sebaiknya dilakukan di wilayah lingkar tambang emas. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Wilayah Lingkar Tambang Emas Kabupaten Bombana, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan petani wakil USAha tani setiap tanaman dan focused group discussion dengan format word cafe. Responden terdiri dari 90 orang masyarakat petani yang dipilih secara sengaja dan 37 orang narasumber wakil pemangku kepentingan. Analisis kelayakan finansial dilakukan dengan metode rasio penerimaan terhadap biaya, sedangkan pemilihan alternatif USAha tani dilakukan dengan analisis Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) melalui Preference Ranking Organization for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam wilayah lingkar tambang terdapat tiga jenis lahan, yakni lahan yang tidak ditambang, lahan yang belum ditambang, dan lahan yang sudah ditambang. Semua jenis tanaman yang diusahakan petani layak diusahakan secara finansial. Hasil analisis PROMETHEE mendapatkan bahwa lahan yang tidak ditambang sebaiknya dikembangkan USAha tani tanaman perkebunan; lahan yang belum ditambang pilihan utamanya untuk USAha tani tanaman pangan; dan lahan yang sudah ditambang sebaiknya dimanfaatkan untuk USAha tani tanaman kehutanan

Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Nicotinamide – metal Complexes

Some transition metal complexes of nicotinamide have been prepared and characterized using melting point, conductivity measurement, infrared, electronic, HNMR and atomic absorption spectroscopic methods. . The antibacterial and antifungal studies of the metal complexes and the ligand have been evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus and Bacillus subtilis , Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and penicillum species. It was found that nicotinamide formed stable metal complexes with these metal ions. The analysis of the spectroscopic data shows that nicotinamide act as monodentate, coordinating through the nitrogen atom of the pyridine ring. All the complexes exhibit 4- coordinate geometry. The results of the antimicrobial studies showed that the metal complexes have higher inhibitory activity than the original nicotinamide against the tested bacteria and fungi species.Keywords: Synthesis, Metal complexes, Nicotinamide, Antibacterial, Antifunga

Biohydrogen Production From Biomass Sources: Metabolic Pathways and Economic Analysis

The commercialization of hydrogen as a fuel faces severe technological, economic, and environmental challenges. As a method to overcome these challenges, microalgal biohydrogen production has become the subject of growing research interest. Microalgal biohydrogen can be produced through different metabolic routes, the economic considerations of which are largely missing from recent reviews. Thus, this review briefly explains the techniques and economics associated with enhancing microalgae-based biohydrogen production. The cost of producing biohydrogen has been estimated to be between $10 GJ-1 and$20 GJ−1, which is not competitive with gasoline ($0.33 GJ−1). Even though direct biophotolysis has a sunlight conversion efficiency of over 80$2.13 kg−1 and 7.24 kg−1 via direct biophotolysis, $1.42kg−1 through indirect biophotolysis, and between$7.54 kg−1 and 7.61 kg−1 via fermentation. Therefore, low-cost hydrogen production technologies need to be developed to ensure long-term sustainability which requires the optimization of critical experimental parameters, microalgal metabolic engineering, and genetic modification

The feasibility of using electromagnetic waves in determining membrane failure through concrete

Concrete flat roof defects such as water leakage present a significant and common problem in large buildings, particularly in tropical countries, where rainfall is high. To monitor this condition, effective non-destructive test methods are required to detect problems at an early stage, especially hidden defects within the concrete roof, which are critical. This paper presents the potential use of electromagnetic (EM) waves for determining possible leakage of the concrete flat roof as a result of failure of the waterproof membrane layer. This study was assessed, experimentally by investigation of the propagation of EM waves through the roof and their interaction with water. Novel Microwave sensors described in the paper operate in the 6 GHz to 12 GHz frequency range using a Marconi 6200A microwave test set. A range of existing methods was reviewed and analysed. Results of experimental tests confirmed that microwaves could be used as an alternative non-destructive method for identifying water ingress caused by membrane failure into the concrete roof surface

Role of information and communication networks in malaria survival

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Quite often symptoms of malaria go unrecognized or untreated. According to the Multilateral Initiative on Malaria, 70% of the malaria cases that are treated at home are mismanaged. Up to 82% of all malaria episodes in sub-Saharan Africa are treated outside the formal health sector. Fast and appropriate diagnosis and treatment of malaria is extremely important in reducing morbidity and mortality.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>Data from 70 different countries is pooled together to construct a panel dataset of health and socio-economic variables for a time span of (1960–2004). The generalized two-stage least squares and panel data models are used to investigate the impact of information and communication network (ICN) variables on malaria death probability. The intensity of ICN is represented by the number of telephone main lines per 1,000 people and the number of television sets per 1,000 people.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The major finding is that the intensity of ICN is associated with reduced probability of deaths of people that are clinically identified as malaria infected. The results are robust for both indicators i.e. interpersonal and mass communication networks and for all model specifications examined.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results suggest that information and communication networks can substantially scale up the effectiveness of the existing resources for malaria prevention. Resources spent in preventing malaria are far less than needed. Expanded information and communication networks will widen the avenues for community based "participatory development", that encourages the use of local information, knowledge and decision making. Timely information, immediate care and collective knowledge based treatment can be extremely important in reducing child mortality and achieving the millennium development goal.</p

Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxicity of Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) Scheff Fruit

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Phaleria macrocarpa </it>(Scheff.) Boerl (Thymelaceae) originates from Papua Island, Indonesia and grows in tropical areas. The different parts of the fruit of <it>P. macrocarpa </it>were evaluated for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p><it>Phaleria macrocarpa </it>fruit were divided into pericarp, mesocarp and seed. All parts of the fruit were reflux extracted with methanol. The antioxidant activity of the extracts were characterized in various <it>in vitro </it>model systems such as FTC, TBA, DPPH radical, reducing power and NO radical. Anti-inflammatory assays were done by using NO production by macrophage RAW 264.7 cell lines induced by LPS/IFN-γ and cytotoxic activities were determined by using several cancer cell lines and one normal cell line</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The results showed that different parts (pericarp, mesocarp, and seed) of <it>Phaleria macrocarpa </it>fruit contain various amount of total phenolic (59.2 ± 0.04, 60.5 ± 0.17, 47.7 ± 1.04 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DW) and flavonoid compounds (161.3 ± 1.58, 131.7 ± 1.66, 35.9 ± 2.47 mg rutin equivalent/g DW). Pericarp and mesocarp showed high antioxidant activities by using DPPH (71.97%, 62.41%), ferric reducing antioxidant power (92.35%, 78.78%) and NO scavenging activity (65.68%, 53.45%). Ferric thiocyanate and thiobarbituric acid tests showed appreciable antioxidant activity in the percentage hydroperoxides inhibitory activity from pericarp and mesocarp in the last day of the assay. Similarly, the pericarp and mesocarp inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthesis with values of 63.4 ± 1.4% and 69.5 ± 1.4% in macrophage RAW 264.7 cell lines induced by LPS/IFN-γ indicating their notable anti-inflammatory potential. Cytotoxic activities against HT-29, MCF-7, HeLa and Chang cell lines were observed in all parts.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results indicated the possible application of <it>P. macrocarpa </it>fruit as a source of bioactive compounds, potent as an antioxidant, anti inflammatory and cytotoxic agents.</p

Conceptual Framework on Workplace Deviance Behavior: A Review

This article aims to highlight the importance of organizational climate with both destructive and constructive deviance behaviour in different cultural setting with workplace as a common ground. First, we discuss the need for research in workplace deviance especially destructive and constructive deviance behaviour with the review of previous studies from deviance literature. Next, we present the importance of climate and culture with both destructive and constructive deviance by proposing relationship among them with the help of a framework. The presented theoretical framework can be useful for conducting future empirical research. Finally, we present the conclusion and future research in conducting cross-national research with respect to deviance