Strategies for improving quality and safety in global health:Lessons from nontechnical skills for surgery implementation in rwanda

The Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons (NOTSS) framework is a taxonomy of cognitive and social skills that foster expertise and medical knowledge in the operating room. This framework can be used as a method to improve the quality of surgical care in global efforts to improve access to affordable surgery

Volume 6, Issue 1 (2023) Criminal Justice Agents and Responsibility

This special issue of the International Journal on Responsibility (IJR) advances scholarship on the various ways responsibility infuses the roles of criminal justice agents. As the inaugural issue of my tenure as Editor-in-Chief, Volume 6 deepens our understanding of responsibility in the context of the criminal justice system, thereby fulfilling IJR’s aim and scope. Specifically, the articles highlight issues of responsibility within each component of the criminal justice system: police, courts, and corrections

Proceso de inducción laboral, capacitación y entrenamiento en la empresa ASISERVER.COM en el municipio de La Argentina Huila (marzo – junio 2022)

Encuesta aplicada a los colaboradores de la empresa ASISERVER.COMEl desarrollo del presente trabajo se ejecuta como estudio de grado para conseguir el título de Administración de Empresas, además de ofrecer a la empresa ASISERVER.COM un plan de mejora al proceso de inducción y entrenamiento que se ha venido ejecutando, pues actualmente se cuenta con un sistema poco estructurado, el cual al parecer presenta falencias en los procesos determinados para la incorporación del próximo recurso humano. Durante la elaboración de esta actividad, se tiene como expectativa sobre los colaboradores puedan obtener conocimientos requeridos sobre la organización, su historia, políticas, deberes, procesos y funcione del cargo que ocuparán, que se logre gestionar el desarrollo de sus habilidades con las que pueden demostrar un buen rendimiento para el cumplimento de las operaciones atribuidas, además que sean trabajadores comprometidos, eficientes, con gran sentido de pertenencia con la empresa que les da la bienvenida y les hace sentir que tienen un respaldo y/o apoyo, toda vez que están recibiendo las herramientas y conocimientos que requieren para efectuar a cabalidad las funciones que les competen, consiguiendo que se sientan orgullosos de trabajar en la empresa de la hacen parte. Teniendo en cuenta la investigación que se realizará en el desarrollo de esta actividad se decidió que debe ir dirigido por un método cualitativo; con el fin de identificar la trazabilidad de los procesos e identificar las falencias que se puedan estar presentando, además de conocer qué recursos se pueden utilizar para plantear estrategias de mejora, para ello se manejará como herramienta de investigación la entrevista, para conocer por parte de los mismos colaboradores, cuál y/o cómo ha sido su experiencia al ingresar a la empresa, qué resultados notaron al recibir la inducción y entrenamiento laboral. Y a través de los resultados crear un plan para mejorar y organizar los procesos de inducción y entrenamiento el cual será aplicado al nuevos y antiguos empleados. Para toda empresa es relevante contar con el esquema competente sobre la inducción y el entrenamiento laboral correspondiente alas actividad económica y funciones de los cargos que en ella se emplean, pues este es el punto de partida en el que se recibe a los nuevos integrantes de la familia laboral, que merecen ser presentados con la empresa debidamente, para que desde su inicio se integren y comprendan el motivo por el cual empiezan a hacer parte de una empresa que ofrece calidad en servicio no solo para los clientes externos sino también para sus colaboradores. Por lo anterior, es preciso estructurar muy bien el plan de inducción y entrenamiento laboral tras el análisis respecto a los hallazgos que se reflejen a través de la entrevista que se realizará al personal de la empresa ASISERVER.The development of this work is executed as a degree study to obtain the title of Business Administration, in addition to offering the company ASISERVER.COM a plan to improve the induction and training process that has been carried out, since it currently has a poorly structured system, which apparently has shortcomings in the processes determined for the incorporation of the next human resource. During the preparation of this activity, it is expected that the collaborators can obtain the required knowledge about the organization, its history, policies, duties, processes and the function of the position they will occupy, that they manage the development of their skills with which they can demonstrate good performance for the fulfillment of the attributed operations, in addition to being committed, efficient workers, with a great sense of belonging to the company that welcomes them and makes them feel that they have support and/or support, whenever they are receiving the tools and knowledge they require to fully carry out the functions that correspond to them, making them feel proud to work in the company they are part of. Taking into account the research that will be carried out in the development of this activity, it was decided that it should be directed by a qualitative method; in order to identify the traceability of the processes and identify the shortcomings that may be presenting, in addition to knowing what resources can be used to propose improvement strategies, for this the interview will be used as a research tool, to know by the same collaborators, what and/or how their experience has been when joining the company, what results they noticed when receiving the induction and job training. And through the results create a plan to improve and organize the induction and training processes which will be applied to new and old employees. For every company it is relevant to have the competent scheme on induction and job training corresponding to the economic activity and functions of the positions that are employed in it, since this is the starting point in which the new members of the company are received. work family, who deserve to be introduced to the company properly, so that from the beginning they integrate and understand the reason why they begin to be part of a company that offers quality service not only for external clients but also for its collaborators. Due to the above, it is necessary to structure the job induction and training plan very well after the analysis regarding the findings that are reflected through the interview that will be carried out with the personnel of the ASISERVER company

Harnessing the NEON data revolution to advance open environmental science with a diverse and data-capable community

It is a critical time to reflect on the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) science to date as well as envision what research can be done right now with NEON (and other) data and what training is needed to enable a diverse user community. NEON became fully operational in May 2019 and has pivoted from planning and construction to operation and maintenance. In this overview, the history of and foundational thinking around NEON are discussed. A framework of open science is described with a discussion of how NEON can be situated as part of a larger data constellation—across existing networks and different suites of ecological measurements and sensors. Next, a synthesis of early NEON science, based on >100 existing publications, funded proposal efforts, and emergent science at the very first NEON Science Summit (hosted by Earth Lab at the University of Colorado Boulder in October 2019) is provided. Key questions that the ecology community will address with NEON data in the next 10 yr are outlined, from understanding drivers of biodiversity across spatial and temporal scales to defining complex feedback mechanisms in human–environmental systems. Last, the essential elements needed to engage and support a diverse and inclusive NEON user community are highlighted: training resources and tools that are openly available, funding for broad community engagement initiatives, and a mechanism to share and advertise those opportunities. NEON users require both the skills to work with NEON data and the ecological or environmental science domain knowledge to understand and interpret them. This paper synthesizes early directions in the community’s use of NEON data, and opportunities for the next 10 yr of NEON operations in emergent science themes, open science best practices, education and training, and community building

Increasing frailty is associated with higher prevalence and reduced recognition of delirium in older hospitalised inpatients: results of a multi-centre study

Purpose: Delirium is a neuropsychiatric disorder delineated by an acute change in cognition, attention, and consciousness. It is common, particularly in older adults, but poorly recognised. Frailty is the accumulation of deficits conferring an increased risk of adverse outcomes. We set out to determine how severity of frailty, as measured using the CFS, affected delirium rates, and recognition in hospitalised older people in the United Kingdom. Methods: Adults over 65 years were included in an observational multi-centre audit across UK hospitals, two prospective rounds, and one retrospective note review. Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), delirium status, and 30-day outcomes were recorded. Results: The overall prevalence of delirium was 16.3% (483). Patients with delirium were more frail than patients without delirium (median CFS 6 vs 4). The risk of delirium was greater with increasing frailty [OR 2.9 (1.8–4.6) in CFS 4 vs 1–3; OR 12.4 (6.2–24.5) in CFS 8 vs 1–3]. Higher CFS was associated with reduced recognition of delirium (OR of 0.7 (0.3–1.9) in CFS 4 compared to 0.2 (0.1–0.7) in CFS 8). These risks were both independent of age and dementia. Conclusion: We have demonstrated an incremental increase in risk of delirium with increasing frailty. This has important clinical implications, suggesting that frailty may provide a more nuanced measure of vulnerability to delirium and poor outcomes. However, the most frail patients are least likely to have their delirium diagnosed and there is a significant lack of research into the underlying pathophysiology of both of these common geriatric syndromes

Regulation of blood–testis barrier by actin binding proteins and protein kinases

The blood-testis barrier (BTB) is an important ultrastructure in the testis since the onset of spermatogenesis coincides with the establishment of a functional barrier in rodents and humans. It is also noted that a delay in the assembly of a functional BTB following treatment of neonatal rats with drugs such as diethylstilbestrol or adjudin also delays the first wave of spermiation. While the BTB is one of the tightest blood-tissue barriers, it undergoes extensive remodeling, in particular at stage VIII of the epithelial cycle to facilitate the transport of preleptotene spermatocytes connected in clones across the immunological barrier. Without this timely transport of preleptotene spermatocytes derived from type B spermatogonia, meiosis will be arrested, causing aspermatogenesis. Yet the biology and regulation of the BTB remains largely unexplored since the morphological studies in the 1970s. Recent studies, however, have shed new light on the biology of the BTB. Herein, we critically evaluate some of these findings, illustrating that the Sertoli cell BTB is regulated by actin binding proteins (ABPs), likely supported by non-receptor protein kinases, to modulate the organization of actin microfilament bundles at the site. Furthermore, microtubule (MT)-based cytoskeleton is also working in concert with the actin-based cytoskeleton to confer BTB dynamics. This timely review provides an update on the unique biology and regulation of the BTB based on the latest findings in the field, focusing on the role of ABPs and non-receptor protein kinases

Including Community Partners in the Development and Adaptation of Intervention Strategies to Prevent Initiation or Escalation of Opioid Misuse.

Current literature lacks clear examples of how to engage with communities in the development of opioid misuse interventions for diverse populations and across various settings. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Helping to End Addiction Long-term® Initiative (HEAL) Prevention Cooperative (HPC) research projects work collaboratively with communities to develop and adapt their opioid misuse interventions to increase both feasibility and sustainability. Ten HPC projects were selected to receive NIH funding and are required to have partnerships with communities where their intervention is being conducted. This paper applies the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-adapted Public Participation Framework to examine the levels of community engagement used by each of these 10 HPC projects (Clinical and Translational Science Awards Consortium Community Engagement Key Function Committee Task Force on the Principles of Community Engagement, 2015). Using this framework, this paper illustrates the range of community engagement approaches and levels that the HPC projects rely on to develop, adapt, and adopt opioid prevention interventions across diverse populations and settings. This paper also lays a foundation for future examinations of the role of community engagement in intervention implementation and effectiveness and the level of community engagement that is necessary to improve intervention effectiveness

Dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions, posttraumatic stress, and depression in children and adolescents exposed to trauma: A network analysis

Background: The latest version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) proposes a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis reduced to its core symptoms within the symptom clusters re-experiencing, avoidance and hyperarousal. Since children and adolescents often show a variety of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in the aftermath of traumatic events, the question arises whether such a conceptualization of the PTSD diagnosis is supported in children and adolescents. Furthermore, although dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions (PTCs) appear to play an important role in the development and persistence of PTSD in children and adolescents, their function within diagnostic frameworks requires clarification. Methods: We compiled a large international data set of 2,313 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years exposed to trauma and calculated a network model including dysfunctional PTCs, PTSD core symptoms and depression symptoms. Central items and relations between constructs were investigated. Results: The PTSD re-experiencing symptoms strong or overwhelming emotions and strong physical sensations and the depression symptom difficulty concentrating emerged as most central. Items from the same construct were more strongly connected with each other than with items from the other constructs. Dysfunctional PTCs were not more strongly connected to core PTSD symptoms than to depression symptoms. Conclusions: Our findings provide support that a PTSD diagnosis reduced to its core symptoms could help to disentangle PTSD, depression and dysfunctional PTCs. Using longitudinal data and complementing between-subject with within-subject analyses might provide further insight into the relationship between dysfunctional PTCs, PTSD and depression.</p