Effects of fundamental movement skills on health-related quality of life in Chinese school-age children: the mediating role of physical fitness level

BackgroundThe primary purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between school-age children’s fundamental movement skills (FMS), physical fitness levels, and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL); To explore the mediating role of physical fitness levels between school-age children’s FMS and HRQoL.MethodsIn the cross-sectional survey in 2021, 334 school-age children aged 6–10 (8.20 ± 1.16) were recruited from primary schools in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, China. Test of Gross Motor Development 2 (TGMD-2), National Standards for Students’ Physical Health, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory TM Version 4.0 (PedsQL™ 4.0) were used to investigate the FMS, physical fitness level, and HRQoL of school-age children. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze the relationship among FMS, physical fitness levels, and HRQoL. Bootstrap is used to evaluate the mediating role of physical fitness levels in the relationship between FMS and HRQoL.ResultsThe higher the FMS and physical fitness, the higher the school-age children’s HRQoL, physical functioning, social functioning, and school functioning (r = 0.244–0.301, p < 0.01). In addition, developing children’s FMS promotes physical fitness levels (r = 0.358, p < 0.01). The regression analysis results of controlling gender, age, and body mass index z (BMI-z) scores showed that FMS significantly positively predicted the physical functioning (β = 0.319, p < 0.01), social functioning (β = 0.425, p < 0.01), and school functioning (β = 0.333, p < 0.01) of school-age children. When the physical fitness level enters the regression equation, the absolute value of the regression coefficient of FMS decreases. However, it can still significantly predict the physical functioning (β = 0.211, p < 0.01) and school functioning (β = 0.142, p < 0.05) of school-age children. Simple intermediary analysis shows that physical fitness level plays an intermediary role between FMS, physical functioning (indirect effect = 0.089 [95% Confidence interval (CI) = 0.015,0.195]), and school functioning (indirect effect = 0.065 [95% CI = 0.007,0.150]).ConclusionThis study shows that physical fitness levels mediate the relationship between FMS and HRQoL. Encouraging the development of FMS and promoting physical fitness levels of school-age children can effectively improve the HRQoL of school-age children

Inhibition of PC cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF)/granulin-epithelin precursor (GEP) decreased cell proliferation and invasion through downregulation of cyclin D and CDK 4 and inactivation of MMP-2

BACKGROUND: PC cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF), also called epithelin/granulin precursor (GEP), is an 88-kDa secreted glycoprotein with the ability to stimulate cell proliferation in an autocrine fashion. In addition, some studies indicated that PCDGF participated in invasion, metastasis and survival of cancer cells by regulating cell migration, adhesion and proliferation. Yet the effects of PCDGF on proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and the mechanisms by which PCDGF mediates biological behaviors of ovarian cancer have rarely been reported. In the present study we investigated whether and how PCDGF/GEP mediated cell proliferation and invasion in ovarian cancer. METHODS: PCDGF/GEP expression level in three human ovarian cancer cell lines of different invasion potential were detected by RT-PCR and western blot. Effects of inhibition of PCDGF expression on cell proliferation and invasion capability were determined by MTT assay and Boyden chamber assay. Expression levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 and MMP-2 activity were evaluated in a pilot study. RESULTS: PCDGF mRNA and protein were expressed at a high level in SW626 and A2780 and at a low level in SKOV3. PCDGF expression level correlated well with malignant phenotype including proliferation and invasion in ovarian cancer cell lines. In addition, the proliferation rate and invasion index decreased after inhibition of PCDGF expression by antisense PCDGF cDNA transfection in SW626 and A2780. Furthermore expression of CyclinD1 and CDK4 were downregulated and MMP-2 was inactivated after PCDGF inhibition in the pilot study. CONCLUSION: PCDGF played an important role in stimulating proliferation and promoting invasion in ovarian cancer. Inhibition of PCDGF decreased proliferation and invasion capability through downregulation of cyclin D1 and CDK4 and inactivation of MMP-2. PCDGF could serve as a potential therapeutic target in ovarian cancer

Modelling dynamic impacts of urbanization on disaggregated energy consumption in China: a spatial Durbin modeling and decomposition approach

Rapid urbanization consumes a variety of energy increasingly. The impacts of urbanization on energy consumption in the past decades have not been investigated by sectors in the literature. Using the time series energy and urbanization related data 1997–2016, this study aims to investigate the impacts of urbanization and its interaction with six energy demand sectors on (disaggregated) energy consumption at provincial level in China by integrating the spatial panel data modelling and interaction effects modelling methods. The positive spatial autocorrelation of various energy consumptions justifies the rationale of developing spatial Durbin models. All the diversified direct, indirect and total effects from differently specified models suggest regional and sectoral specific policy to control energy, coal and electricity consumption in the process of urbanization

Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216

Effects of Feedback on Students’ Motor Skill Learning in Physical Education: A Systematic Review

Objectives: Feedback is an essential factor that may affect students’ motor skill learning during physical education (PE) classes. This review aimed to (1) systematically examine the evidence for the effectiveness of feedback on students’ skill learning during PE classes and (2) summarize the evidence for the effects of feedback elements (i.e., format and content). Methods: A systematic search was conducted on seven electronic databases to identify studies that explored the effects of feedback on student learning during PE classes. Twenty-three studies were selected, and the study quality was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The levels of evidence were determined with the best evidence synthesis. Results: Strong evidence indicates the effectiveness of feedback intervention on students’ skill learning compared with those who received no feedback. Limited evidence was found for the effect of visual feedback compared with verbal feedback. There were mixed results for the effectiveness of information feedback compared with praise or corrective feedback. Conclusion: The current evidence suggests that feedback is useful for skill learning during PE classes. Emergent questions still need to be addressed, such as those regarding the efficiency of using different formats and contents for feedback delivery to enhance motor skill learning during PE classes

Recombinant Newcastle disease virus rL-RVG enhances the apoptosis and inhibits the migration of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells via regulating alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in vitro

Abstract Background The aim of this study were to investigate the possible pro-apoptotic mechanisms of the recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain rL-RVG, which expresses the rabies virus glycoprotein, in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells via the regulation of alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChRs) and to analyze the relationships between α7 nAChR expression in lung cancer and the clinical pathological features. Methods α7 nAChR expression in A549, LΑ795, and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cells, among others, was detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The optimal α7 nAChR antagonist and agonist concentrations for affecting A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells were detected using MTT assays. The α7 nAChR expression in A549 cells after various treatments was assessed by Western blot, immunofluorescence and RT-PCR analyses. Apoptosis in the various groups was also monitored by Western blot and TUNEL assays, followed by the detection of cell migration via transwell and scratch tests. Furthermore, α7 nAChR expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in lung cancer tissue samples from 130 patients and 40 pericancerous tissue samples, and the apoptotis in lung adenocarcinoma tissue was detected by Tunel assay, Then, the expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Results Of the A549, LΑ795, SCLC and U251 cell lines, the A549 cells exhibited the highest α7 nAChR expression. The cells infected with rL-RVG exhibited high RVG gene and protein expression. The rL-RVG group exhibited weaker α7 nAChR expression compared with the methyllycaconitine citrate hydrate (MLA, an α7 nAChR antagonist) and NDV groups. At the same time, the MLA and rL-RVG treatments significantly inhibited proliferation and migration and promoted apoptosis in the lung cancer cells (P < 0.05). The expression of α7 nAChR was upregulated in lung cancer tissue compared with pericancerous tissue (P = 0.000) and was significantly related to smoking, clinical tumor-node-metastases stage, and histological differentiation (P < 0.05). The AI in lung adenocarcinoma tissue in high-medium differentiation group was lower than that in low differentiation group (p < 0.01). Conclusions An antagonist of α7 nAChR may be used as a molecular target for lung adenocarcinoma therapy. Recombinant NDV rL-RVG enhances the apoptosis and inhibits the migration of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating α7 nAChR signaling pathways

What Directions Do We Look at Power from? Up-Down, Left-Right, and Front-Back.

Three experiments were carried out to investigate whether the the kinship concept had spatial representations along up-down (Experiment 1), left-right (Experiment 2), and front-back (Experiment 3) orientation. Participants identified the letter P or Q after judging whether kinship words were elder or junior terms. The results showed that participants responded faster to letters placed at the top, right side, and front following elder terms, and faster at the bottom, left side, and back following junior terms. The regression results further confirmed that these shifts of attention along up-down, right-left, and front-back dimensions in external space were uniquely attributed to the power construct embedded in the kinship concept, but not number or time. The results provide evidence for the multiple spatial representations in power, and can be explained by the theoretical construct of structural mapping