A religiosidade no processo de viver envelhecendo

This study aimed to identify how religious and spiritual practices are experienced at different ages during the aging process. The study was cross-sectional and observational and conducted in the city of Chapecó, SC, from July 2008 to January 2009. The sample included 2,160 individuals with 720 individuals interviewed in each age group. The analysis was univariate and obtained the absolute and relative frequency of each variable. The final data obtained were statistically analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software. It was observed that 77.6% of the respondents were Catholic and that the older individuals were more religious. A total of 50.6% of the respondents prayed once a day, 38.3% of them to offer thanks and 30.4% in the supine position. We conclude that religiosity is a valuable resource in coping with the crises of everyday life and positively affects physical and mental health, particularly in the elderly.Se objetivó identificar cómo son experimentadas la religiosidad y las prácticas espirituales en las diferentes fajas etarias durante el proceso de envejecimiento. Estudio observacional, de tipo transversal, realizado en Chapecó-SC, de julio 2008 a enero 2009. Muestra de 2160 personas, con 720 individuos entrevistados en cada faja etaria. Se utilizó análisis descriptivo univariado, con obtención de frecuencias simples y relativas para cada variable. Los datos finales recibieron tratamiento estadístico por software SPSS 13.0. Se observó que: 77,6% de los entrevistados eran católicos, que a mayor edad correspondió mayor religiosidad, 50,6% de los entrevistados reza una vez al día, 38,3% de ellos reza para agradecer y 30,4% reza acostado. Se concluye en que la religiosidad es un recurso valioso para enfrentar las crisis cotidianas y un factor que interfiere positivamente en la salud física y mental, principalmente entre las personas ancianas.Este estudo teve o objetivo identificar como a religiosidade e as práticas espirituais são vivenciadas nas diferentes faixas etárias durante processo de envelhecimento. Foi um estudo observacional do tipo transversal, realizado na cidade de Chapecó-SC, no período de Julho de 2008 a Janeiro de 2009. A amostra foi de 2160 pessoas com 720 indivíduos entrevistados em cada faixa etária. A análise foi descritiva univariada, com a obtenção das frequências simples e relativas para cada variável. Os dados finais receberam tratamento estatístico com o software SPSS 13.0. Observou-se que 77,6% dos pesquisados eram católicos, que quanto mais velhos mais religiosos; 50,6% dos pesquisados rezam uma vez por dia, 38,3% destes rezam para agradecer e 30,4% rezam na posição deitada. Concluiu-se que a religiosidade é um recurso valioso no enfrentamento das crises da vida cotidiana e um fator que interfere de maneira positiva na saúde física e mental, principalmente das pessoas idosas

Uso de Hipoglicemiantes e Adesão à Terapia por Pacientes Diabéticos Atendidos no Sistema Único de Saúde

Introdução: A incidência de Diabetes Melito atinge proporções epidêmicas fazendo com que sua prevenção seja uma prioridade de saúde pública. Programas de Atenção Farmacêutica vêm se destacando como instrumentos no cuidado dos pacientes diabéticos.Objetivo: Avaliar o uso de hipoglicemiantes e a adesão à terapia por pacientes diabéticos atendidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde.Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal. Utilizou-se um questionário farmacoterapêutico e avaliaram-se os valores de glicemia capilar, colesterol, triglicerídeos, hemoglobina glicada, pressão arterial e índice de massa corporal. Foi avaliada a existência dos Problemas Relacionados com Medicamentos.Resultados: Foram entrevistados 52 pacientes diabéticos, com idade média de 69,2±10,8 anos para as mulheres e 67,8 ±10,9 anos para os homens. Os valores de hemoglobina glicada mostraram diferença significativa (P<0,001) entre os sexos e o índice de massa corporal mostrou-se acima dos valores normais. Verificou-se que 51,9% dos pacientes utilizava mais de 5 medicamentos e 48,1% eram pouco aderentes à terapia. Encontrou-se 21 potenciais interações medicamentosas.Conclusão: Este estudo mostra a relevância do acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico à pacientes diabéticos e a importância do comprometimento de toda a equipe de saúde para desenvolver e acompanhar o plano terapêutico desses pacientes

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guideline for acute kidney injury 2016

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome which has a broad range of etiologic factors depending on different clinical settings. Because AKI has significant impacts on prognosis in any clinical settings, early detection and intervention are necessary to improve the outcomes of AKI patients. This clinical guideline for AKI was developed by a multidisciplinary approach with nephrology, intensive care medicine, blood purification, and pediatrics. Of note, clinical practice for AKI management which was widely performed in Japan was also evaluated with comprehensive literature search

Religiosity and feelings of loneliness in elderly

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between religiosity and the feelings of loneliness in elderly widowers. METHODS: A group of 200 elderly windowers aged &gt; 60 years attending the outpatient clinic of the Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology of PUCRS participated. The instruments used were the scale of the Ucla Loneliness Scale and Frequency of Religious Practices and Religiosity Scale of Intrinsic/Extrinsic. RESULTS: The results showed a high level of loneliness in the sample, with an average of 48.4%. For the estimative of the scale of solitude, the results indicated that 36.7% of the variations occurred in scale score of solitude can be explained by the incomes, the highest is the income the highest is the level of solitude. Still it was found significance in the correlation between loneliness and sex, for it came out that widowers demonstrate greater social satisfaction than widows. Most elderly presented tendency to intrinsic religiosity (Md = 25.5). Another significant relationship was found between religiosity and the age range of participants, the oldest the person is, the greatest is the tendency for the practice of intrinsic religiosity. Significant difference was found only in the relationship between the scale of loneliness and social religiosity scale. CONCLUSION: As a general overview it was found that income is a predictive factor for the feeling of loneliness and the age range is a predictive factor for the practice of intrinsic religiosity among elderly widows. Furthermore, the practice of social religiosity can decrease the feeling of loneliness in elderly widowers.</p

Analysis of the Association Between Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in an Elderly Population with Longevity

OBJECTIVE: To establish the allelic and genotypic frequencies related to apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphism and association of the genotypes with risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity in an elderly population with longevity. METHODS: We analyzed 70 elderly patients aged 80 years or more who were part of the Projeto Veranópolis. We used the gene amplification technique through the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and cleavage with the restriction enzyme Hha I to identify the ApoE genotypes. The most frequent genotypes were compared considering biological variables and cardiovascular risks and morbidity. RESULTS: The frequencies of the E2, E3, and E4 alleles were 0.05, 0.84, and 0.11, respectively, and of the genotypes were as follows: E3E3 (0.70), E3E4 (0.22), E2E3 (0.06), and E2E2 (0.02). Individuals with the E3E4 had a mean age greater than those with the E3E3. No association was observed between the genotypes and the variables analyzed, except for obesity, which was associated with the E3E3 genotype. Individuals with the E3E4 genotype had high levels of LDL-cholesterol and fibrinogen as compared with those with the E3E3 genotype. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the E4E4 genotype may be associated with early mortality. A balance between the protective or neutral factors and the cardiovascular risk factors may occur among the individuals with different genotypes, attenuating the negative effects of the E4 allele

Analysis of the Association Between Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in an Elderly Population with Longevity

OBJECTIVE: To establish the allelic and genotypic frequencies related to apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphism and association of the genotypes with risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity in an elderly population with longevity. METHODS: We analyzed 70 elderly patients aged 80 years or more who were part of the Projeto Veranópolis. We used the gene amplification technique through the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and cleavage with the restriction enzyme Hha I to identify the ApoE genotypes. The most frequent genotypes were compared considering biological variables and cardiovascular risks and morbidity. RESULTS: The frequencies of the E2, E3, and E4 alleles were 0.05, 0.84, and 0.11, respectively, and of the genotypes were as follows: E3E3 (0.70), E3E4 (0.22), E2E3 (0.06), and E2E2 (0.02). Individuals with the E3E4 had a mean age greater than those with the E3E3. No association was observed between the genotypes and the variables analyzed, except for obesity, which was associated with the E3E3 genotype. Individuals with the E3E4 genotype had high levels of LDL-cholesterol and fibrinogen as compared with those with the E3E3 genotype. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the E4E4 genotype may be associated with early mortality. A balance between the protective or neutral factors and the cardiovascular risk factors may occur among the individuals with different genotypes, attenuating the negative effects of the E4 allele

Uso de Hipoglicemiantes e Adesão à Terapia por Pacientes Diabéticos Atendidos no Sistema Único de Saúde

Introdução: A incidência de Diabetes Melito atinge proporções epidêmicas fazendo com que sua prevenção seja uma prioridade de saúde pública. Programas de Atenção Farmacêutica vêm se destacando como instrumentos no cuidado dos pacientes diabéticos.Objetivo: Avaliar o uso de hipoglicemiantes e a adesão à terapia por pacientes diabéticos atendidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde.Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal. Utilizou-se um questionário farmacoterapêutico e avaliaram-se os valores de glicemia capilar, colesterol, triglicerídeos, hemoglobina glicada, pressão arterial e índice de massa corporal. Foi avaliada a existência dos Problemas Relacionados com Medicamentos.Resultados: Foram entrevistados 52 pacientes diabéticos, com idade média de 69,2±10,8 anos para as mulheres e 67,8 ±10,9 anos para os homens. Os valores de hemoglobina glicada mostraram diferença significativa (P<0,001) entre os sexos e o índice de massa corporal mostrou-se acima dos valores normais. Verificou-se que 51,9% dos pacientes utilizava mais de 5 medicamentos e 48,1% eram pouco aderentes à terapia. Encontrou-se 21 potenciais interações medicamentosas.Conclusão: Este estudo mostra a relevância do acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico à pacientes diabéticos e a importância do comprometimento de toda a equipe de saúde para desenvolver e acompanhar o plano terapêutico desses pacientes

β-Arrestin1 and 2 differentially regulate PACAP-induced PAC1 receptor signaling and trafficking

<div><p>A pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)-specific receptor, PAC1R, is coupled with multiple signal transduction pathways including stimulation of adenylate cyclase, phospholipase C and extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. PAC1R has been shown to exert its long-lasting and potent signals via β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2. However, the precise roles of the two β-arrestin isoforms in PACAP-PAC1R signaling remain unclear. Here we examined the interaction between the two β-arrestin isoforms and PAC1R, β-arrestin-dependent PAC1R subcellular localization and ERK1/2 activation. Upon PACAP stimulation, although PAC1R similarly interacted with β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2 in HEK293T cells, the complex of PAC1R and β-arrestin2 was translocated from the cell surface into cytosol, but that of β-arrestin1 remained in the cell surface regions in HeLa cells and mouse primary cultured neurons. Silencing of β-arrestin2 blocked PACAP-induced PAC1R internalization and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, but silencing of β-arrestin1 increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. These results show that β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2 exert differential actions on PAC1R internalization and PAC1R-dependent ERK1/2 activation, and suggest that the two β-arrestin isoforms may be involved in fine and precise tuning of the PAC1R signaling pathways.</p></div