Eye-Tracking Signals Based Affective Classification Employing Deep Gradient Convolutional Neural Networks

Utilizing biomedical signals as a basis to calculate the human affective states is an essential issue of affective computing (AC). With the in-depth research on affective signals, the combination of multi-model cognition and physiological indicators, the establishment of a dynamic and complete database, and the addition of high-tech innovative products become recent trends in AC. This research aims to develop a deep gradient convolutional neural network (DGCNN) for classifying affection by using an eye-tracking signals. General signal process tools and pre-processing methods were applied firstly, such as Kalman filter, windowing with hamming, short-time Fourier transform (SIFT), and fast Fourier transform (FTT). Secondly, the eye-moving and tracking signals were converted into images. A convolutional neural networks-based training structure was subsequently applied; the experimental dataset was acquired by an eye-tracking device by assigning four affective stimuli (nervous, calm, happy, and sad) of 16 participants. Finally, the performance of DGCNN was compared with a decision tree (DT), Bayesian Gaussian model (BGM), and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) by using indices of true positive rate (TPR) and false negative rate (FPR). Customizing mini-batch, loss, learning rate, and gradients definition for the training structure of the deep neural network was also deployed finally. The predictive classification matrix showed the effectiveness of the proposed method for eye moving and tracking signals, which performs more than 87.2% inaccuracy. This research provided a feasible way to find more natural human-computer interaction through eye moving and tracking signals and has potential application on the affective production design process

Fabrication and Characteristics of Macroporous TiO

Macroporous TiO2 photocatalyst was synthesized by a facile nanocasting method using polystyrene (PS) spherical particles as the hard template. The synthesized photocatalyst was characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry-differential thermogravimetry (TG-DTG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and N2-sorption. TEM, SEM, and XRD characterizations confirmed that the macroporous TiO2 photocatalyst is composed of anatase phase. The high specific surface area of 87.85 m2/g can be achieved according to the N2-sorption analysis. Rhodamine B (RhB) was chosen as probe molecule to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 catalysts. Compared with the TiO2 materials synthesized in the absence of PS spherical template, the macroporous TiO2 photocatalyst sintered at 500°C exhibits much higher activity on the degradation of RhB under the UV irradiation, which can be assigned to the well-structured macroporosity. The macroporous TiO2 material presents great potential in the fields of environmental remediation and energy conversion and storage

Studies on statistical optimization of sulforaphane production from broccoli seed

Background: Natural sulforaphane (SF) has been of increasing interest for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries due to its anti-cancer effect. The main objective of the present work was to optimize the production of SF from broccoli seed using response surface methodology. Results: Three major factors (hydrolysis time, water volume and ethyl acetate volume) were screened out through Plackett-Burman (PB) factorial design. The methods of steepest ascent combined with central composite design (CCD) were employed for optimization of the SF production process. The optimal extraction conditions for SF production were a hydrolysis time of 13 min, a hydrolysis volume/weight ratio of 2.9:1 (v/g) and an extraction volume/weight ratio of 17.5:1 (v/g). The maximum SF yield was 14.8 \ub1 0.1 mg/g, a value that was in perfect agreement with the actual experimental value (14.8 mg/g). Conclusions: These results suggested that PB design combined with CCD were proved effective in screening and optimization of the parameters of SF production

An All-Solid-State Phosphate Electrode with H3PO4 Doped Polyaniline as the Sensitive Layer

We here describe the construction of a highly sensitive and selective all-solid-state phosphate electrode based on polyaniline and H3PO4 doped polyaniline. The polyaniline layer was electroplated on the gold substrate with Chronoamperometry method and was in-situ doped by H3PO4. The Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM, EDS) and contact angle measurement was taken to explain the difference of the two layers. This electrode can be used in both freshwater and seawater systems. In both of the two systems, the electrode exhibits linear response in the concentration range 10-1 to 10-6 M with detection limit of 10-6 M. and response time of <1 seconds. The selectivity of the electrodes was also studied in 10-1-10-5 M KH2PO4 solutions containing either 0.01 M sulfate, nitrate, chloride as the interference ions. During 12 hours continuous monitoring in 10-3 M KH2PO4 with 3.5% NaCl the potential drift was 0.05 mV/h and the lifetime of the electrode was over 40 days when preserved in this solutionpublishersversionPeer reviewe

Genotype-phenotype analysis of three Chinese families with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is characterized by QT prolongation, syncope and sudden death. This study aims to explore the causes, clinical manifestations and therapeutic outcomes of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS), a rare form of LQTS with congenital sensorineural deafness, in Chinese individuals.Three JLNS kindreds from the Chinese National LQTS Registry were investigated. Mutational screening of KCNQ1 and KCNE1 genes was performed by polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequence analysis. LQTS phenotype and therapeutic outcomes were evaluated for all probands and family members.We identified 7 KCNQ1 mutations. c.1032_1117dup (p.Ser373TrpfsX10) and c.1319delT (p.Val440AlafsX26) were novel, causing JLNS in a 16-year-old boy with a QTc (QT interval corrected for heart rate) of 620 ms and recurrent syncope. c.605-2A&gt;G and c.815G&gt;A (p.Gly272Asp) caused JLNS in a 12-year-old girl and her 5-year-old brother, showing QTc of 590 to 600 ms and recurrent syncope. The fourth JLNS case, a 46-year-old man carrying c.1032G&gt;A (p.Ala344Alasp) and c.569G&gt;A (p.Arg190Gln) and with QTc of 460 ms, has been syncope-free since age 30. His 16-year-old daughter carries novel missense mutation c.574C&gt;T (p.Arg192Cys) and c.1032G&gt;A(p.Ala344Alasp) and displayed a severe phenotype of Romano-Ward syndrome (RWS) characterized by a QTc of 530 ms and recurrent syncope with normal hearing. Both the father and daughter also carried c.253G&gt;A (p.Asp85Asn; rs1805128), a rare single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on KCNE1. Bizarre T waves were seen in 3/4 JLNS patients. Symptoms were improved and T wave abnormalities became less abnormal after appropriate treatment.This study broadens the mutation and phenotype spectrums of JLNS. Compound heterozygous KCNQ1 mutations can result in both JLNS and severe forms of RWS in Chinese individuals.SCI(E)CPCI-S(ISTP)PubMed0MEETING ABSTRACT267-75

The exceptional sediment load of fine-grained dispersal systems: Example of the Yellow River, China

Sedimentary dispersal systems with fine-grained beds are common, yet the physics of sediment movement within them remains poorly constrained. We analyze sediment transport data for the best-documented, fine-grained river worldwide, the Huanghe (Yellow River) of China, where sediment flux is underpredicted by an order of magnitude according to well-accepted sediment transport relations. Our theoretical framework, bolstered by field observations, demonstrates that the Huanghe tends toward upper-stage plane bed, yielding minimal form drag, thus markedly enhancing sediment transport efficiency. We present a sediment transport formulation applicable to all river systems with silt to coarse-sand beds. This formulation demonstrates a remarkably sensitive dependence on grain size within a certain narrow range and therefore has special relevance to silt-sand fluvial systems, particularly those affected by dams