A support property for infinite dimensional interacting diffusion processes

The Dirichlet form associated with the intrinsic gradient on Poisson space is known to be quasi-regular on the complete metric space $\ddot\Gamma=$ $\{Z_+$-valued Radon measures on \IR^d\}. We show that under mild conditions, the set $\ddot\Gamma\setminus\Gamma$ is \e-exceptional, where $\Gamma$ is the space of locally finite configurations in \IR^d, that is, measures $\gamma\in\ddot\Gamma$ satisfying \sup_{x\in\IR^d}\gamma(\{x\})\leq 1. Thus, the associated diffusion lives on the smaller space $\Gamma$. This result also holds for Gibbs measures with superstable interactions.Comment: French title: Une propri\'et\'e de support pour des processus de diffusion en dimension infinie avec interactio

The nonlinear evolution of baryonic overdensities in the early universe: Initial conditions of numerical simulations

We run very large cosmological N-body hydrodynamical simulations in order to study statistically the baryon fractions in early dark matter halos. We critically examine how differences in the initial conditions affect the gas fraction in the redshift range z = 11--21. We test three different linear power spectra for the initial conditions: (1) A complete heating model, which is our fiducial model; this model follows the evolution of overdensities correctly, according to Naoz & Barkana (2005), in particular including the spatial variation of the speed of sound of the gas due to Compton heating from the CMB. (2) An equal-{\delta} model, which assumes that the initial baryon fluctuations are equal to those of the dark matter, while conserving sigma8 of the total matter. (3) A mean cs model, which assumes a uniform speed of sound of the gas. The latter two models are often used in the literature. We calculate the baryon fractions for a large sample of halos in our simulations. Our fiducial model implies that before reionization and significant stellar heating took place, the minimum mass needed for a minihalo to keep most of its baryons throughout its formation was ~ 3 * 10^4 Msun. However, the alternative models yield a wrong (higher by about 50%) minimum mass, since the system retains a memory of the initial conditions. We also demonstrate this using the "filtering mass" from linear theory, which accurately describes the evolution of the baryon fraction throughout the simulated redshift range.Comment: 6 figures 1 table, accepted to MNRA

Neutrino masses and μ\mu terms in a supersymmetric extra U(1) model

We propose a supersymmetric extra U(1) model, which can generate small neutrino masses and necessary $\mu$ terms, simultaneously. Fields including quarks and leptons are embedded in three ${\bf 27}$s of $E_6$ in a different way among generations. The model has an extra U(1) gauge symmetry at TeV regions, which has discriminating features from other models studied previously. Since a neutrino mass matrix induced in the model has a constrained texture with limited parameters, it can give a prediction. If we impose neutrino oscillation data to fix those parameters, a value of $\sin\theta_{13}$ can be determined. We also discuss several phenomenological features which are discriminated from the ones of the MSSM.Comment: 27 pages, 2 figures, final version for publicatio

Torus fibrations and localization of index II

We give a framework of localization for the index of a Dirac-type operator on an open manifold. Suppose the open manifold has a compact subset whose complement is covered by a family of finitely many open subsets, each of which has a structure of the total space of a torus bundle. Under an acyclic condition we define the index of the Dirac-type operator by using the Witten-type deformation, and show that the index has several properties, such as excision property and a product formula. In particular, we show that the index is localized on the compact set.Comment: 47 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Communications in Mathematical Physic

Neutron/proton ratio of nucleon emissions as a probe of neutron skin

The dependence between neutron-to-proton yield ratio ($R_{np}$) and neutron skin thickness ($\delta_{np}$) in neutron-rich projectile induced reactions is investigated within the framework of the Isospin-Dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics (IQMD) model. The density distribution of the Droplet model is embedded in the initialization of the neutron and proton densities in the present IQMD model. By adjusting the diffuseness parameter of neutron density in the Droplet model for the projectile, the relationship between the neutron skin thickness and the corresponding $R_{np}$ in the collisions is obtained. The results show strong linear correlation between $R_{np}$ and $\delta_{np}$ for neutron-rich Ca and Ni isotopes. It is suggested that $R_{np}$ may be used as an experimental observable to extract $\delta_{np}$ for neutron-rich nuclei, which is very significant to the study of the nuclear structure of exotic nuclei and the equation of state (EOS) of asymmetric nuclear matter.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures; accepted by Phys. Lett.

Proton-conductive coordination polymer glass for solid-state anhydrous proton batteries

Designing solid-state electrolytes for proton batteries at moderate temperatures is challenging as most solid-state proton conductors suffer from poor moldability and thermal stability. Crystal–glass transformation of coordination polymers (CPs) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) via melt-quenching offers diverse accessibility to unique properties as well as processing abilities. Here, we synthesized a glassy-state CP, [Zn₃(H₂PO₄)₆(H₂O)₃](1, 2, 3-benzotriazole), that exhibited a low melting temperature (114 °C) and a high anhydrous single-ion proton conductivity (8.0 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ at 120 °C). Converting crystalline CPs to their glassy-state counterparts via melt-quenching not only initiated an isotropic disordered domain that enhanced H⁺ dynamics, but also generated an immersive interface that was beneficial for solid electrolyte applications. Finally, we demonstrated the first example of a rechargeable all-solid-state H+ battery utilizing the new glassy-state CP, which exhibited a wide operating-temperature range of 25 to 110 °C

Diffusion approximation for equilibrium Kawasaki dynamics in continuum

A Kawasaki dynamics in continuum is a dynamics of an infinite system of interacting particles in $\mathbb R^d$ which randomly hop over the space. In this paper, we deal with an equilibrium Kawasaki dynamics which has a Gibbs measure $\mu$ as invariant measure. We study a diffusive limit of such a dynamics, derived through a scaling of both the jump rate and time. Under weak assumptions on the potential of pair interaction, $\phi$, (in particular, admitting a singularity of $\phi$ at zero), we prove that, on a set of smooth local functions, the generator of the scaled dynamics converges to the generator of the gradient stochastic dynamics. If the set on which the generators converge is a core for the diffusion generator, the latter result implies the weak convergence of finite-dimensional distributions of the corresponding equilibrium processes. In particular, if the potential $\phi$ is from $C_{\mathrm b}^3(\mathbb R^d)$ and sufficiently quickly converges to zero at infinity, we conclude the convergence of the processes from a result in [Choi {\it et al.}, J. Math. Phys. 39 (1998) 6509--6536]

Rho-Nucleon Tensor Coupling and Charge-Exchange Resonances

The Gamow-Teller resonances are discussed in the context of a self-consistent RPA, based on the relativistic mean field theory. We inquire on the possibility of substituting the phenomenological Landau-Migdal force by a microscopic nucleon-nucleon interaction generated from the rho-nucleon tensor coupling. The effect of this coupling turns out to be very small when the short range correlations are not taken into account, but too large when these correlations are simulated by the simple extraction of the contact terms from the resulting nucleon-nucleon interaction.Comment: 15 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures; extended text, improved figures, new references added, the version appearing in Phys.Lett.