2,730 research outputs found
Dyon condensation in topological Mott insulators
We consider quantum phase transitions out of topological Mott insulators in
which the ground state of the fractionalized excitations (fermionic spinons) is
topologically non-trivial. The spinons in topological Mott insulators are
coupled to an emergent compact U(1) gauge field with a so-called "axion" term.
We study the confinement transitions from the topological Mott insulator to
broken symmetry phases, which may occur via the condensation of dyons. Dyons
carry both "electric" and "magnetic" charges, and arise naturally in this
system because the monopoles of the emergent U(1) gauge theory acquires gauge
charge due to the axion term. It is shown that the dyon condensate, in general,
induces simultaneous current and bond orders. To demonstrate this, we study the
confined phase of the topological Mott insulator on the cubic lattice. When the
magnetic transition is driven by dyon condensation, we identify the bond order
as valence bond solid order and the current order as scalar spin chirality
order. Hence, the confined phase of the topological Mott insulator is an exotic
phase where the scalar spin chirality and the valence bond order coexist and
appear via a single transition. We discuss implications of our results for
generic models of topological Mott insulators.Comment: 14 pages, accepted to the New Journal of Physic
Direct observation of CD4 T cell morphologies and their cross-sectional traction force derivation on quartz nanopillar substrates using focused ion beam technique
Direct observations of the primary mouse CD4 T cell morphologies, e.g., cell adhesion and cell spreading by culturing CD4 T cells in a short period of incubation (e.g., 20 min) on streptavidin-functionalized quartz nanopillar arrays (QNPA) using a high-content scanning electron microscopy method were reported. Furthermore, we first demonstrated cross-sectional cell traction force distribution of surface-bound CD4 T cells on QNPA substrates by culturing the cells on top of the QNPA and further analysis in deflection of underlying QNPA via focused ion beam-assisted technique
Multipolar superconductivity in Luttinger semimetals
Topological superconductivity in multiband systems has received much
attention due to a variety of possible exotic superconducting order parameters
as well as non-trivial bulk and surface states. While the impact of coexisting
magnetic order on superconductivity has been studied for many years, such as
ferromagnetic superconductors, the implication of coexisting multipolar order
has not been explored much despite the possibility of multipolar hidden order
in a number of -electron materials. In this work, we investigate topological
properties of multipolar superconductors that may arise when quadrupolar local
moments are coupled to conduction electrons in the multiband Luttinger
semimetal. We show that the multipolar ordering of local moments leads to
various multipolar superconductors with distinct topological properties. We
apply these results to the quadrupolar Kondo semimetal system, PrBi, by
deriving the microscopic multipolar Kondo model and examining the possible
superconducting order parameters. We also discuss how to experimentally probe
the topological nature of the Bogoliubov quasiparticles in distinct multipolar
superconductors via doping and external pressure, especially in the context of
PrBi.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Heterogeneous Ceramic-Polymer Composite Using Interpenetrating Network
Prepolymer, which can be polymerized by a photo, has been infiltrated into a porous
ceramic to improve the addition effect of polymer into the ceramic, as a function of the
functionality of prepolymer. It induces the increase in the mechanical properties of the
ceramic. The porous alumina (Al2O3) and the polyurethane acrylate (PUA)
with a network structure by photo-polymerization were used as the matrix and
infiltration materials, respectively. The porous Al2O3 matrix without the polymer shows lower values in fracture strength than the composites, since the stress is transmitted more quickly via
propagation of cracks from intrinsic defects in the porous matrix. However, in the case
of composites, the distribution of stress between heterophases results in the improved
mechanical properties. In addition, the mechanical properties of composites, such as
elastic modulus and fracture strength, are enhanced with increasing the functionality of
prepolymer attributed to the crosslinking density of polymer
Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Levels in Patients with Acute Paraquat Intoxication
To investigate the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) plasma levels, and their possible implications on clinical outcome, we measured tPA and PAI-1 levels in 101 patients with acute paraquat (PQ) intoxication. The control group consisted of patients who ingested non-PQ pesticides during the same period. tPA and PAI-1 levels were higher in the PQ group than in the controls. PQ levels were significantly correlated with ingested amount, timelag to hospital, tPA level, and hospitalization duration. tPA levels were correlated with PAI-1, fibrin degradation product (FDP), and D-dimer. D-dimer levels were lower in the PQ group than in the controls. Univariate analysis indicated the following significant determinants of death: age, ingested amount, PQ level, timelag to hospital, serum creatinine, lipase, pH, pCO2, HCO3-, WBC, FDP, PAI-1, and tPA. However, multivariate analysis indicated that only PQ level was significant independent factor predicting death. In conclusion, tPA and PAI-1 levels were higher, while D-dimer levels were lower in the PQ group than in the controls, implying that ROS stimulate tPA and PAI-1, but PAI-1 activity overrides tPA activity in this setting. Decreased fibrinolytic activity appears to be one of the clinical characteristics of acute PQ intoxication
Structure stability evaluation of offshore heave compensator using multi-body dynamics analysis method
Heave compensator attenuate vessel heave motion during drilling operation of drillship. Heave compensator functions as damping form motion of drillship, such as principle spring of suspension system. The load transfers on the parts of heave compensator. Stress and deformation of all parts is evaluated to diagnose the stability of the compensator. This study makes a decision on the safety of structure. Results of analysis confirm the structure stability of heave compensator for simulation. This result can be used as data for structural analysis to determine safety of a structure
Universal compressive characterization of quantum dynamics
Recent quantum technologies utilize complex multidimensional processes that
govern the dynamics of quantum systems. We develop an adaptive
diagonal-element-probing compression technique that feasibly characterizes any
unknown quantum processes using much fewer measurements compared to
conventional methods. This technique utilizes compressive projective
measurements that are generalizable to arbitrary number of subsystems. Both
numerical analysis and experimental results with unitary gates demonstrate low
measurement costs, of order for -dimensional systems, and
robustness against statistical noise. Our work potentially paves the way for a
reliable and highly compressive characterization of general quantum devices.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
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