Decolorisation of Textile Dyeing Effluents Using Advanced Oxidation Processes

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Biochemical parameters of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) after transport with eugenol or essential oil of Lippia alba added to the water

The transport of live fish is a routine practice in aquaculture and constitutes a considerable source of stress to the animals. The addition of anesthetic to the water used for fish transport can prevent or mitigate the deleterious effects of transport stress. This study investigated the effects of the addition of eugenol (EUG) (1.5 or 3.0 mu L L-1) and essential oil of Lippia alba (EOL) (10 or 20 mu L L-1) on metabolic parameters (glycogen, lactate and total protein levels) in liver and muscle, acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in muscle and brain, and the levels of protein carbonyl (PC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nonprotein thiol groups (NPSH) and activity of glutathione-S-transferase in the liver of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen; Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) transported for four hours in plastic bags (loading density of 169.2 g L-1). The addition of various concentrations of EUG (1.5 or 3.0 mu L L-1) and EOL (10 or 20 mu L L-1) to the transport water is advisable for the transportation of silver catfish, since both concentrations of these substances increased the levels of NPSH antioxidant and decreased the TBARS levels in the liver. In addition, the lower liver levels of glycogen and lactate in these groups and lower AChE activity in the brain (EOL 10 or 20 mu L L-1) compared to the control group indicate that the energetic metabolism and neurotransmission were lower after administration of anesthetics, contributing to the maintenance of homeostasis and sedation status.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS/PRONEX) [10/0016-8]; Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cientifico (CNPq) [470964/2009-0]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); CNPqinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Protecting Children Rights through the Juvenile Criminal Justice System in Indonesia: Issues and Challenges

The Juvenile Criminal Justice System is established to uphold justice for children who engage in criminal proceedings, especially those who perpetrate criminal offense. The System sets up various measures in order to protect the rights of these children. This article aims at evaluating the operation of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System in Indonesia with special concern on the fulfilment of the rights of children who are in conflict with the law. The type of research is that of normative legal research which relies on secondary data in the form of primary and secondary legal material. This normative legal research employs statutory approach. It is found that the rights of children who are in conflict with the law is primary protected through the employment of diversion, the initial step for settling the criminal case outside the judicial system. The operation of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System comes across some obstacles in field, including with regard to the employment of diversion. Therefore, improvement in employing diversion seems to be necessary to achieve better quality of children rights protection

Protecting Children Rights through the Juvenile Criminal Justice System in Indonesia: Issues and Challenges

The Juvenile Criminal Justice System is established to uphold justice for children who engage in criminal proceedings, especially those who perpetrate criminal offense. The System sets up various measures in order to protect the rights of these children. This article aims at evaluating the operation of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System in Indonesia with special concern on the fulfilment of the rights of children who are in conflict with the law. The type of research is that of normative legal research which relies on secondary data in the form of primary and secondary legal material. This normative legal research employs statutory approach. It is found that the rights of children who are in conflict with the law is primary protected through the employment of diversion, the initial step for settling the criminal case outside the judicial system. The operation of the Juvenile Criminal Justice System comes across some obstacles in field, including with regard to the employment of diversion. Therefore, improvement in employing diversion seems to be necessary to achieve better quality of children rights protection

Physico-Chemical Treatment of Dairy Industry Wastewaters: A Review

Dairy industries have grown in most countries because of the demand in milk and milk products. This rise has led to the growth of dairy industries. The wastewaters discharged from this industry contain high concentrations of nutrients, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS) and organic and inorganic contents, which can cause serious environmental problems if not properly treated. The conventional biological treatment methods are suitable for dairy wastewaters due to its high biodegradability. However, long chain fatty acids formed during the hydrolysis of lipids show the inhibitory action during anaerobic treatment. Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) systems seem to be the most promising technology for the biological treatment of dairy wastewaters. Several research papers have been published on the application of aerobic and anaerobic treatment technologies for dairy industry wastewater, but both treatment methods still have some disadvantages. The most important challenge is to find cost-efficient and environmentally sustainable approaches to enable water reuse and waste management. Therefore, alternative treatment technologies against biological treatment methods such as coagulation, adsorption, membrane and electrolysis processes are under investigation. This chapter provides a critical review focusing on physicochemical treatment technologies of dairy wastewater

A New Approach for Membrane Process Concentrate Management: Electrodialysis Bipolar Membrane Systems-A Short Communication

In most cases traditional and advanced treatment technologies transfers and concentrates the pollutants from one phase to other phase. However, nowadays, these concentrated flows containing heavy pollution are rapidly moving away from being manageable. In particular, membrane concentrate flows await immediate solutions to this issue. Electrodialysis Bipolar Membrane (EDBM) Processes are becoming a serious and potential solution technique for similar concentrate streams. In this chapter, principles and potentials of EDBM processes for the recycling or recovery of membrane concentrates are discussed

PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, KOMITMEN ORGANISASI, KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA, REWARD, PUNISHMENT DAN KEMAMPUAN SISTEM ADMINISTRASI TERHADAP ANGGARAN BERBASIS KINERJA (STUDI EMPIRIK PADA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN PATI)

Penerapan anggaran berbasis kinerja, merupakan bagian tak terpisahkan dalam proses penyempurnaan manajemen keuangan (anggaran negara), yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan akuntabilitas pelayanan publik serta efektifitas dari pelaksanaan kebijakan dan program. Hal itu bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kepada masyarakat, yang berkaitan dengan kebijakan, perencanaan, penganggaran, dan pelaksanaannya. Variabel yang diduga mempengaruhi anggaran berbasis kinerja adalah gaya kepemimpinan, komitmen organisasi, kualitas sumber daya, reward, punishment dan kemampuan sistem administrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, komitmen organisasi, kualitas sumber daya, reward, punishment dan kemampuan sistem administrasi terhadap anggaran berbasis kinerja di Pemerintah Kabupaten Pati. Populasi dan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh OPD pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Pati Jawa Tengah yaitu 30 OPD. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan adalah Purpose Sampling.Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, gaya kepemimpinan, komitmen organisasi, dan kemampuan sistem administrasi berpengaruh positif terhadap anggaran berbasis kinerja di Pemerintah Kabupaten Pati. Sedangkan kualitas sumber daya, reward, dan punishment tidak berpengaruhterhadap anggaran berbasis kinerja di Pemerintah Kabupaten Pati

Water Quality and Public Health Complaints in Surrounding Watoetoelis Sugar Mills

Industry as an integral part of the development of the country, more less having effect on the surrounding environment. Sugar factory as a part the industry also affects the quality of the surrounding environment through wastewater discharge at which water pollution control is required to achieve an ideal level of environmental health. PG Watoetoelis pollution control can be assessed from the water quality of its surrounding. This study aims to identify water quality and health complaints around PG Watoetoelis. This study is a descriptive observational study with cross sectional design. Primary data collection was conducted in July and August 2014, in the form of: interviews with questionnaires, environmental observation, inspection parameters of water samples of water bodies and wells in both upstream and downstream within 100 meters of the point of waste water discharge outlet Watoetoelis Sugar Factory. The results showed: the examination of water body samples found high levels of BOD5 in the amount of: 24.34 mg/L (upstream) and 24.15 mg/L (downstream), all wells water samples did not reveal any signs of physical and chemical pollution of water, respondents around PG Watoetoelis who with health complaints (9 of 17) experienced health complaints such as coughs of 7 people, and complained about the odor of the sugar factory pollution as many as 15 of 17 people. The conclusion of this study are bad water bodies quality, physical and chemical quality of the water samples of wells qualified, there are health complaints by respondents, but this can be due to other variables than physical and chemical parameters of the well water, such as; microbiology, hygiene and sanitation, or poor quality of the air in the environment, especially the residence location of the respondents

2000 Sonrası Türk Edebiyatında Konusunu Siyerden Alan Romanlar

Bu çalışmada, 2000 sonrasında yayımlanan siyer konulu romanlardan hareketle, romanın siyer türü ile ilişkisi bağlamında, Hazreti Peygamber (S.A.V.)'in hayatının romanlarda nasıl ele alındığı, hangi temalar etrafında ne tür profiller oluşturulduğu irdelenmiştir. Kendisini, Türk edebiyatı içinde konumlamış, ‘roman’ sanı ile sunan ve Hz. Peygamber (S.A.V.)’in hayatını konu edinen, 2000-2015 arasında yayımlanmış romanlarla sınırlayan bu çalışmada; 12 roman incelenerek, siyer konularının roman türünde yazılışından kaynaklanan problematiklerden hareketle, Hazreti Peygamber’in tasavvur ediliş biçimleri tasnif edilmiş, fişlenmiş ve bu tasavvurlarda günümüz bakış açılarının tesiri, eleştirel bakış açısıyla okunmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda, romanlarda yer alan peygamber tasavvurlarının, geleneğin kaynaklık ettiği anlayışların dışına çıkamadığı fakat, romanın zorunlu gördüğü kurgusal düzen içinde gerek Hazreti Peygamber (S.A.V.)’e gerekse onun arkadaşlarına dair yeni, modernist ve popüler tasavvurların oluşturulmaya çalışıldığı görülmüştür. Yazarın bakış açısının biçimlendirdiği bu romanlarda; aşırı yücelticiolağanüstü peygamber algısı, pejoratif ve arkaik dille kurgulanmış, santimental-lirik yoğunluğu olan, tasavvufi yaklaşımlı, modernist-popüler yorumlarla oluşturulmuş geniş yelpazeli bir peygamber tasavvuru ile karşılaşılmıştır. Metodoloji, yaklaşım, içerik ve perspektif sorunları ile popüler kültüre eklemlenerek varlığını devam ettiren bu romanlar, bu çalışmanın işaret ettiği eleştirel perspektiflerin ortaya konulmasını zorunlu hale getirmiştir.In this study, based on the novels whose subject is siyar and which have been published after 2000, with regard to the relationship between siyar and the novel genre, the question of how the life of Prophet Muhammed have been treated and what kind of profiles have been created along with the issues discussed have been examined. In this study, which presents itself with the concept of the novel in Turkish literature, limited to the books that have been published between 2000 and 2015 about The Prophet by analysing 12 novels and with regard to the siyar subjects’ being treated incorrectly in the novel genre, the depiction of the Prophet has been analysed and the impact of today's point of view on this depiction has been read with a critical point of view. At the end of the research, it has been found that the depictions of the prophet which have taken place in these novels, can’t go beyond the mentality of the tradition, but together with the fictional order which is necessary for the novel, new, modernist and popular depictions of both the Prophet and his friends have tried to be created. In these novels which are shaped by the viewpoint of the author, a prophet depiction with a wide perspective formed with modernist-popular comments and an over-honorific, miraculous concept of a prophet, created with an archaic and pejorative language, having an emotional and lyric intensity, have been noticed. These novels, which have been keeping their existence by being attached to the popular culture through methodology, approach, content and the problems of perspective, have made the critical perspectives that this study points out a necessity