Effective video multicast over wireless internet

With the rapid growth of wireless networks and great success of Internet video, wireless video services are expected to be widely deployed in the near future. As different types of wireless networks are converging into all IP networks, i.e., the Internet, it is important to study video delivery over the wireless Internet. This paper proposes a novel end-system based adaptation protocol calledWireless Hybrid Adaptation Layered Multicast (WHALM) protocol for layered video multicast over wireless Internet. In WHALM the sender dynamically collects bandwidth distribution from the receivers and uses an optimal layer rate allocation mechanism to reduce the mismatches between the coarse-grained layer subscription levels and the heterogeneous and dynamic rate requirements from the receivers, thus maximizing the degree of satisfaction of all the receivers in a multicast session. Based on sampling theory and theory of probability, we reduce the required number of bandwidth feedbacks to a reasonable degree and use a scalable feedback mechanism to control the feedback process practically. WHALM is also tuned to perform well in wireless networks by integrating an end-to-end loss differentiation algorithm (LDA) to differentiate error losses from congestion losses at the receiver side. With a series of simulation experiments over NS platform, WHALM has been proved to be able to greatly improve the degree of satisfaction of all the receivers while avoiding congestion collapse on the wireless Internet

Wilson ratio of Fermi gases in one dimension

We calculate the Wilson ratio of the one-dimensional Fermi gas with spin imbalance. The Wilson ratio of attractively interacting fermions is solely determined by the density stiffness and sound velocity of pairs and of excess fermions for the two-component Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) phase. The ratio exhibits anomalous enhancement at the two critical points due to the sudden change in the density of states. Despite a breakdown of the quasiparticle description in one dimension, two important features of the Fermi liquid are retained, namely the specific heat is linearly proportional to temperature whereas the susceptibility is independent of temperature. In contrast to the phenomenological TLL parameter, the Wilson ratio provides a powerful parameter for testing universal quantum liquids of interacting fermions in one, two and three dimensions.Comment: 5+2 pages, 4+1 figures, Eq. (4) is proved, figures were refine

Optimization of breeding methods when introducing multiple resistance genes from American to Chinese wheat

Stripe rust is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars with resistance genes is the most effective method to control this disease. QuLine is a computer tool capable of defining genetic models, breeding strategies and predicting parental selection using known gene information. This paper reports the breeding process for pyramiding resistance genes to stripe rust using genetic information of American cultivars Aplowa (P1), Louise (P2), Express (P3) and Chinese cultivar Zhoumai18 (P4). The breeding objective was to transfer the stripe rust (SR) resistance genes from the three American lines to the elite Chinese wheat, without reducing its desired agronomic performance (AT). Results show that double crosses (P4×P1)//(P4×P2), (P4×P1)//(P4×P3) and (P4×P2)//(P4×P3) were efficient in improving genetic gains on traits AT and SR in selection strategy AHA, while only in HAH, cross combination (P4×P3) // (P1×P2) had the highest genetic gains on high-temperature, adult-plant resistance (HTAP). The results in this study could be important in targeted breeding for efficiently pyramiding more resistance genes to stripe rust, avoiding simplified resistance genes, and breeding novel varieties.Key words: Breeding methods, wheat, resistance, genes

Experimental Decoy Quantum Key Distribution Up To 130KM Fiber

Decoy State Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), being capable of beating PNS attack and uncon- ditionally secure, have become an attractive one recently. But, in many QKD systems, disturbances of transmission channel make quantum bit error rate (QBER) increase which limits both security distance and key bit rate of real-life decoy state QKD systems. We demonstrate the two-intensity decoy QKD with one-way Faraday-Michelson phase modulation system, which is free of channel dis- turbance and keeps interference fringe visibility (99%) long period, near 130KM single mode optical fiber in telecom (1550 nm) wavelength. This is longest distance fiber decoy state QKD system based on two intensity protocol.Comment: 4 pages, 2figure

Cross-Correlation Detection of Point Sources in WMAP First Year Data

We apply a Cross-correlation (CC) method developed previously for detecting gamma-ray point sources to the WMAP first year data by using the Point-Spread Function of WMAP and obtain a full sky CC coefficient map. Analyzing this map, we find that the CC method is a powerful tool to examine the WMAP foreground residuals which can be further cleaned accordingly. Evident foreground signals are found in WMAP foreground cleaned maps and Tegmark cleaned map. In this process 101 point-sources are detected, and 26 of them are new sources besides the originally listed WMAP 208 sources. We estimate the flux of these new sources and verify them by another method. As a result, a revised mask file based on the WMAP first year data is produced by including these new sources.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures; accepted for publication by ChJA

On-Orbit Measurement of the Focal Length of the SNPP VIIRS Instrument

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument is a whiskbroom system with 22 spectral bands split between 16 moderate resolution bands (M-bands), five imagery resolution bands (I-bands) and a panchromatic day-night band. Latitude and Longitude geolocation data are generated for each pixel at the M-band, I-band and day-night band spatial resolutions based upon various instrument parameters including focal length. In this study we measure the focal length of the VIIRS instrument from on-orbit data. This is achieved by simulating VIIRS band I2 using Landsat 8 OLI band 5 utilizing the VIIRS instrument system point spread function (PSF) and geolocation data generated with varying values of focal length. The focal length value that produces the highest spatial correlation between the original and simulated VIIRS data is taken to be the measured instrument focal length