The relationship between nutrition screenings and nutritional status determined by malnutrition in hemodialysis patients

Objective: It is aimed to evaluate the relationship of food consumptions, biochemical blood parameters, and some anthropometrics with the screening tests using in the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients with end stage renal failure. Materials and Methods: The survey were conducted with 110 hemodialysis patients who hospitalized at the Nephrology Clinic in Akdeniz University Hospital. The routine biochemical blood parameters of the patients were analyzed and their anthropometric measurements were performed. The food consumptions were recorded by the dietician and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA)has screening tests using were performed. Results: The average age of the patients participating in the study was 55 ± 19 years. In MUST, 42.7% of the patients were at high risk, 18.2% of them at moderate risk by malnutrition. Statistically significant relationship was also negatively determined between body weight, dry weight, BMI, the waist circumference, and MUST and SGA (p<0.05). A negatively significant relationship was statistically found among albumin, creatinine, hemoglobin and calcium readouts by NRS2002, among albumin, BUN, calcium and phosphorus readouts by MUST, among albumin, hemoglobin and calcium readouts by SGA (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that the dialysis patients could not get the advised nutritional quantities, thence malnutrition progressed. It is concluded that anthropometric measurements are more concordant with MUST and the biochemical symptoms with NRS2002, and therefore both must be taken into consideration in the assessment of nutritional status correctly of the end-stage renal patients undergoing hemodialysis

Non-invasive monitoring of stress response of urban trees inoculated with EcM

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Detection of α-Thalassemia by Using Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification as an Additional Method for Rare Mutations in Southern Turkey

α-thalassemia is the most common single gene disorder in the Cukurova Region in Turkey. It is therefore routinely screened, including premaritally, in our region. The heterogeneous molecular basis of the disease makes α-thalassemia mutation detection difficult and complex. Besides well established methods, multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA) is known as an effective, simple and specific method for the detection and characterization of deletions and duplications. We employed MLPA testing to 30 patients with hematological parameters suggestive of α-thalassemia carrier status but was negative for α-thalassemia with conventional reverse dot blot hybridization (RDB). We found α-globin gene deletions in 3 out of 30 (10 %) patients with MLPA. We propose that MLPA can be used as a second tier test in addition to other techniques such as RDB to identify α-thalassemia carriers in high prevalence regions such as ours, thereby allowing clinicians to provide accurate genetic counselling

Case report of radiation-induced lung injury with trastuzumab emtansine: the lung also matters

With an increase in the number of agents used concurrently with radiotherapy (RT), a new research area has emerged regarding toxicity. Here, we present a case of a 47-year-old woman presenting with radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) that occurred six months after the end of RT with concomitant and sequential use of trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) with RT. The patient’s T-DM1 treatment was discontinued because of RILI. Antibiotic and methylprednisolone treatments were started. The steroid dose was gradually tapered and completely discontinued after full recovery. If new agents are used concurrently with RT, the toxicity profile of new agents should be kept in mind

Supplementary data for the article: Guzelmeric, E.; Ristivojević, P.; Trifković, J.; Dastan, T.; Yilmaz, O.; Cengiz, O.; Yesilada, E. Authentication of Turkish Propolis through HPTLC Fingerprints Combined with Multivariate Analysis and Palynological Data and Their Comparative Antioxidant Activity. LWT - Food Science and Technology 2018, 87, 23–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2017.08.060

Supplementary data for: [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2017.08.060]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2552]Related to accepted version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2989

Post COVID-19 irritable bowel syndrome

Objectives: The long-term consequences of COVID-19 infection on the gastrointestinal tract remain unclear. Here, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction after hospitalisation for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Design: GI-COVID-19 is a prospective, multicentre, controlled study. Patients with and without COVID-19 diagnosis were evaluated on hospital admission and after 1, 6 and 12 months post hospitalisation. Gastrointestinal symptoms, anxiety and depression were assessed using validated questionnaires. Results: The study included 2183 hospitalised patients. The primary analysis included a total of 883 patients (614 patients with COVID-19 and 269 controls) due to the exclusion of patients with pre-existing gastrointestinal symptoms and/or surgery. At enrolment, gastrointestinal symptoms were more frequent among patients with COVID-19 than in the control group (59.3% vs 39.7%, p<0.001). At the 12-month follow-up, constipation and hard stools were significantly more prevalent in controls than in patients with COVID-19 (16% vs 9.6%, p=0.019 and 17.7% vs 10.9%, p=0.011, respectively). Compared with controls, patients with COVID-19 reported higher rates of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) according to Rome IV criteria: 0.5% versus 3.2%, p=0.045. Factors significantly associated with IBS diagnosis included history of allergies, chronic intake of proton pump inhibitors and presence of dyspnoea. At the 6-month follow-up, the rate of patients with COVID-19 fulfilling the criteria for depression was higher than among controls. Conclusion: Compared with controls, hospitalised patients with COVID-19 had fewer problems of constipation and hard stools at 12 months after acute infection. Patients with COVID-19 had significantly higher rates of IBS than controls. Trial registration number: NCT04691895

Post-intervention Status in Patients With Refractory Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab During REGAIN and Its Open-Label Extension

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether eculizumab helps patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) achieve the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) post-intervention status of minimal manifestations (MM), we assessed patients' status throughout REGAIN (Safety and Efficacy of Eculizumab in AChR+ Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis) and its open-label extension. METHODS: Patients who completed the REGAIN randomized controlled trial and continued into the open-label extension were included in this tertiary endpoint analysis. Patients were assessed for the MGFA post-intervention status of improved, unchanged, worse, MM, and pharmacologic remission at defined time points during REGAIN and through week 130 of the open-label study. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients completed REGAIN and continued into the open-label study (eculizumab/eculizumab: 56; placebo/eculizumab: 61). At week 26 of REGAIN, more eculizumab-treated patients than placebo-treated patients achieved a status of improved (60.7% vs 41.7%) or MM (25.0% vs 13.3%; common OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1-4.5). After 130 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 88.0% of patients achieved improved status and 57.3% of patients achieved MM status. The safety profile of eculizumab was consistent with its known profile and no new safety signals were detected. CONCLUSION: Eculizumab led to rapid and sustained achievement of MM in patients with AChR+ refractory gMG. These findings support the use of eculizumab in this previously difficult-to-treat patient population. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: REGAIN, NCT01997229; REGAIN open-label extension, NCT02301624. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that, after 26 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 25.0% of adults with AChR+ refractory gMG achieved MM, compared with 13.3% who received placebo

Minimal Symptom Expression' in Patients With Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab

The efficacy and tolerability of eculizumab were assessed in REGAIN, a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and its open-label extension

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Investigation of Electrocatalytic Oxidation Reactions:Insights From Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry

In recent years, we are witnessing the escalating impacts of climate change, including increasingly frequent heatwaves, flooding, and wildfires. These events emphasize the necessity of urgent actions to address global warming. One significant way of addressing this challenge is replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. Notably, the chemical industry ranks among the leading contributors to CO2 emissions. Therefore, electrification of the chemical industry emerges as a strategy to tackle the climate change.However, to compete with the current industrial methods, electrochemical methods must become more economically feasible. This goal requires the design of highly active, selective, and stable catalysts for the electrochemical synthesis of substances. To design catalysts rationally, a fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms is a necessity. Therefore, gaining real-time insights into the reactions is critically valuable. In this regard, electrochemical mass spectrometry (EC-MS) is used for the investigation of two important reactions for the chemical industry in this study: electrochemical propylene epoxidation and chlorine evolution reaction.In this study, EC-MS is applied for the detection of propylene oxide, and electrochemical propylene epoxidation is measured in real-time. The selectivity and activity trends are investigated on PtOx and PdOx catalysts to obtain insights into the mechanism of electrochemical propylene epoxidation. The results reveal that the selectivity for epoxidation peaks at 1.3 V vs. RHE on PdOx, whereas it steadily increases on PtOx up to 1.6 V vs. RHE. However, further anodic potentials could not be explored due to conductivity issues arising from bubble formation in the stagnant thin-layer cell in the EC-MS system. Furthermore, mass spectrometry-derived Tafel plots indicate a consistent rise in epoxidation activity without a change in slope on PtOx as potentials become more anodic. Conversely, a notable change in slope at 1.3 V vs. RHE on PdOx suggests a shift in the reaction mechanism at this potential. This phenomenon aligns with a previously published theoretical study [1], which proposes a Langmuir-Hinselwood mechanism for PtO2 and a transition from Langmuir-Hinselwood to Mars-Van Krevelen mechanism with the formation of oxygen vacancies on PdO. Moreover, EC-MS reveals the formation of CO2 through surface oxide reduction, serving as an indicator of surface oxidation under the reaction conditions.Furthermore, chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is explored with EC-MS during my three months of external stay in Spectro Inlets, ApS. EC-MS provided a great sensitivity for Cl2, resulting in the lowest detection potentials for CER to the best of our knowledge. This finding raised questions regarding equilibrium potential definitions in the literature. Consequently, this thesis conducts a comprehensive review of equilibrium potential definitions in the literature. A method for the dynamic equilibrium potential determination by utilizing EC-MS is proposed and its limitations are described. Moreover, CER activity evaluations are conducted for various catalysts including RuO2, IrO2, and Pt-based catalysts being Pt stub, Pt film on Ti substrate, and 2 nm TiO2 on Pt film on glassy carbon substrate. The results revealed that the activity of Pt-based catalysts surpasses that of RuO2 and IrO2. It is suggested that the oxidation of Pt is retarded in the presence of Cl– which leads to a reaction mechanism involving direct Pt- l intermediate with faster kinetics rather than Pt-OCl. This hypothesis is supported with the CO stripping experiments, conducted both with and without Cl– . These experiments revealed a ≈600 mV shift in the CO oxidation potential towards more anodic values in the presence of Cl– . This shift signifies the inhibition of oxygen species adsorption onto the catalyst surface due to competitive Cl– adsorption.