Imatinib resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia: an emerging challenge

Resistance to imatinib is a significant clinical issue, and the underlying mechanism of this resistance is multifactorial. The efficacy of imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in achieving a high remission rate and improving prognosis has seriously been challenged by the development of mutants of BCR-ABL gene, which resist the action of imatinib, which is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. We present here a case of a 35-year-old male, a known case of CML on imatinib therapy, the patient eventually landed in blast crisis and succumbed to the disease and secondary infections

Surgical stent for implant placement

Despite significant advances in devices and techniques, placing dental implants in a correct position still remains a challenge.Proper implant placement has become less of a prosthetic dilemma with the use of surgical stent. A stent is an appliance used for radiographic evaluation during treatment planning for implant placement and during surgical procedures to locate optimal implant placement site.The stent with CT scan determines the optimal position and angulation of implant relative to occlusal load which were a major advancement as earlier the implant postion is guided by residual bone qualitystent provides communication between the surgeon and the restoring dentist.By the aid of stent,dental surgeon can reduce surgical trauma,reduced surgical time and increased patient comfort.The use of stents gives desired position and angulation of the implant so that the restorative phase of the treatment does not encounter problems that can compromise the esthetic outcome or complicate oral hygiene of the patien

Electrical injuries of the oral cavity: A menace to mankind

The rarest of its kind, the electrical injuries of the commissure areas of the mouth pose a potential threat in terms of management to the practitioner. The most commonly affected young toddlers, in their teething period, chew onto the female end of the live extension wire cord. Saliva which acts a medium transports the electrical current to the fragile mucosa of the oral cavity thereby leading to the treacherous burn injuries. Since children have an overall lower fat component and different surface area to volume ratio, which impacts on the risk of deep tissue damage compared to adults with equivalent injury. The review outlines: (1) A detailed review of literature reflecting the various treatment modalities proposed by different practitioners worldwide and (2) the prosthetic therapy for the conservative management of the electrical injuries of the oral cavity

Fine needle aspiration cytology of chondroblastoma of the fibula

Chondroblastoma is a rare benign cartilaginous tumor typically seen in long bones, especially femur, tibia and proximal humerus. Extracortical soft tissue invasion or metastasis is rarely seen. We report here a unique case of chondroblastoma of the fibula with extracortical soft tissue invasion. Differential diagnosis on cytology is discussed

Role of fine needle aspiration cytology as a diagnostic tool in orbital and adnexal lesions

Purpose: To evaluate the role of fine needle aspiration (FNAC) as a diagnostic tool in cases of orbital and ocular adnexal masses. Cytological findings were correlated with histopathological diagnosis wherever possible. Methods: FNAC was performed in 29 patients of different age groups presenting with orbital and ocular adnexal masses. Patients were evaluated clinically and investigated by non-invasive techniques before fine needle aspiration of the masses. Smears were analyzed by a cytologist in all cases. Further, results of cytology were compared with the histopathological diagnosis. Results: The age of patients ranged from 1 to 68 years (mean: 29.79±19.29). There were 14 males and 15 females with a male to female ratio of 0.93:1. Out of 29 cases, 26 aspirates were cellular. Cellularity was insufficient in three (10.34%) aspirates. Out of 26 cellular aspirates, 11 were non-neoplastic while 15 were neoplastic on cytology. Subsequent histopathologic examination was done in 21/26 cases. Concordance rate of FNAC in orbital and ocular adnexal mass lesions with respect to the precise histologic diagnosis was 90%. Conclusion: When properly used in well-indicated patients (in cases where a diagnosis cannot be made by clinical and imaging findings alone), FNAC of orbital and periorbital lesions is an invaluable and suitable adjunct diagnostic technique that necessitates close cooperation between the ophthalmologist and cytologist. However, nondiagnostic aspirates may sometimes be obtained, and an inconclusive FNAC should not always be ignored

Retention systems used in maxillofacial prostheses: A review

WOS: 000505722100001PubMed: 31793467Defects in the face area caused by trauma, accident, tumor or congenital defects are treated with special facial prostheses. Besides esthetics, the most common problem with these prostheses is the retention of prostheses. In the present article review, the methods used for the retention of prostheses from past to present were researched, and the advantages of adhesives and implants, which are the most commonly used current methods, were evaluated. Current techniques, new materials, treatment options, and implementation procedures are described. The success of maxillofacial prostheses in meeting the expectations of patients and dentist doctors is increasing day by day with the development of adhesive material science, the emergence of technical knowledge, and the development of implant technology. Increasing the retention provides both ease of use and acceptance by the patient. Therefore, the chosen method for retention has great importance in the long-term prognosis of the prosthesis