Assessment of femoral neck fractures in the elderly with respect to morphology and mineral density

Background: Femoral neck fractures are among the major orthopaedic problems seen in the elderly and the annual mortality rate is high. The calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) ratio can be used as an indicator of osteoporosis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the microarchitectural structure of the fractured regions of femoral head as well as bone mineral density in female and male patients. Materials and methods: The bone tissues taken from the fractured regions of 10 male and 9 female patients were examined with a scanning electron microscope. Electron probe microanalyses were carried out to measure mineral ratios. Results: The bone trabeculae in the fractured area were thin and the cavities between trabeculae were seen to have transformed to irregular and broad structures. There were small valleculae reflecting osteoclastic activity. The analysis showed that the Ca/P ratio at the fracture site averaged 2.20/1 in women and 2.16/1 in men. As age increased, the percentage values of Ca and P decreased and the Ca/P ratio increased. Conclusions: Although there is no significant difference between the parameters of male and female patients, it seems that men can be affected by osteoporosis as much as women

The effect of bovine serum albumin and fetal calf serum on sperm quality, DNA fragmentation and lipid peroxidation of the liquid stored rabbit semen

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fetal calf serum (FCS) on sperm quality, DNA fragmentation and lipid peroxidation of liquid stored rabbit semen stored up to 72 h at 5 C. Ejaculates were collected from five New Zealand male rabbits by artificial vagina and pooled at 37 C following evaluation. Each pooled ejaculate was split into three equal experimental groups and diluted to a final concentration of approximately 40 106 sperm/ml (single step dilution), in an Eppendorf tube, with the Tris based extender containing BSA (5 mg/ml), FCS (10%) or no additive (control) at 37 C, cooled to 5 C and stored for up to 72 h. The extender supplemented with BSA and FCS did not improve the percentages of motility and acrosomal abnormality during 48 h compared to the control. The additives BSA and FCS had a significant effect in the maintaining of plasma membrane integrity between 48 and 72 h storage period, compared to the control (P < 0.01). The supplementation of BSA and FCS had a protective effect on motility (P < 0.05), plasma membrane integrity (P < 0.01) and acrosomal integrity (P < 0.01) at 72 h compared to the control. The supplementations with BSA and FCS led to a reduction in DNA damage of rabbit sperm at 48 and 72 h during storage period, compared to the control (P < 0.001). Although supplementation of BSA and FCS caused significant (P < 0.01) decreases in malondialdehyde (MDA) level at 48 h and 72 h, they significantly (P < 0.01) increased the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) antioxidant activity up to 72 h when compared to the control group. In conclusion, BSA and FCS supplementation to liquid stored rabbit semen provide a protection for spermatozoa against cool storage-induced DNA damage and plasma membrane integrity by their antioxidative properties

Doğum öncesi dönemde böbrek gelişiminde E-Cadherin ekspresyonunun immunohistokimyasal olarak gösterilmesi

Objective: Cadherins are a protein family of Ca2+ dependent transmembrane cell adhesion molecules that play a key role in the regulation of organ and tissue development during embriyogenesis. We aimed to show E-cadherin expression immunohistochemically in the pre-natal period in the development of kidney. Materials and Methods: In this study, 45 fetuses were obtained from 12 female and 4 male adult Wistar rats bred in Pamukkale University Experimental Research Unit. Fetuses were removed from 11, 13, 15, 17 and 19. day pregnant rats. After routine light microscopy technique, fetuses fixed in 10% formaldehyde were embedded in paraffin. Serial 5 μ thick sections from parafin blocks were taken to slides and the immunohistochemistry method, was applied to determine the E-cadherin expression. Results: In this study, E-cadherin showed negative expression in E11 and 13 days kidney tissues. In the 15, 17 and 19. day kidneys, E-cadherin expression was positive. Tubule structures were more darkly stained than glomerular structures. In lateterm fetal kidneys, E-cadherin expression was gradually diminished in the renal corpuscle. Conclusion: We determined that E-cadherin expression showed differences both in different developmental stages and different areas of kidney. These differences may be important in terms of the investigation of etiologies and diagnosis of congenital kidney diseases and in the evaluation of nephrotoxicity and kidney pathologies. © 2013 by Erciyes University School of Medicine

The effects of N-acetylcysteine on cisplatin induced cardiotoxicity

PubMed ID: 31223022OBJECTIVES: Recent studies reported that oxidative stress is an important mechanism that contributes to cisplatin induced cardiotoxicity. In the present study, the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which is an antioxidant, on cisplatin induced cardiotoxicity were investigated in a rat model. METHODS: Thirty two rats were separated into 4 equal groups: Control, NAC-250, CP (cisplatin), CP+NAC. Rats in the experimental groups were treated with a single dose of cisplatin intraperitoneally (ip) (10 mg/kg) and NAC (ip, 250 mg/kg) for 3 consecutive days. At the end of the experiment, cardiotoxicity was determined from plasma CK-MB, LDH, cTnI and cardiac myosin light chain-1 (CMLC-1) levels. In the tissue samples, total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid hydroperoxide (ROOH) and thiol levels were measured. The hearts were also analyzed histopathologically. RESULTS: It was determined that cisplatin increased the tissue TOC, ROOH levels and decreased TAC and thiol levels. NAC administration after cisplatin treatment was observed to have ameliorated histological and functional changes in heart. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the results of this experimental study suggested that oxidative stress had a serious effect on cisplatin cardiotoxicity, and NAC could be used as a therapeutic agent in addition to standard cisplatin treatment protocols. © 2019, AEPress s.r.o.Erciyes ÜniversitesiThis study was supported by the Research Fund of Erciyes University (Grant No. TTU-2015-6134)