Mineral Density Distribution Differences in Enamel and Dentin Tissues in the Teeth Array According to the HU Scale

Objective: To evaluate the mineral density of enamel and dentin tissues of healthy individuals using three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography. Material and Methods: CBCT images of 15 healthy individuals, previously obtained for various reasons, were used in this study. In HU measurements, mineral density measurements were made from three different regions of enamel and three different regions of dentin, and the values obtained were compared. Enamel and dentin mineralization density measurements were measured from six regions, namely the crown cutting edge, buccal middle and cervical region for enamel, and the crown cutting edge, cervical region and root apex for dentin. In the comparisons of groups, the parametric One-Way ANOVA variance analysis method was applied. In the paired comparisons between the groups, the Tukey HSD test was applied as the multiple comparison post hoc test. A value of p<0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results: Mineralization density of tooth enamel and dentin tissues was quantitatively different in the maxilla and mandible in anterior and posterior teeth. Conclusion: In all the teeth, there were statistically significant decreases in the mineral density values of enamel and dentin tissue from occlusal towards the cemento-enamel junction. Statistically significant decreases were observed in the mineral density values of enamel and dentin tissue from the anterior region towards the posterior region in the teeth in both the upper and lower jaws

Biochemical content of cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.) fruits with edible coatings based on caseinat, Semperfresh and lecithin

: Cherry laurel is one of the most important cherry species and naturally grown in Black sea region in Turkey. Its fruits are sold at high price in local markets in northern parts of Turkey. Cherry laurel fruits are very perishable with a limited shelf life due to a high metabolic activity and susceptibility to mechanical damage and microbial attack. The effect of edible coatings (EC) based on caseinat, Semperfresh and lecithin on the fruit quality, bioactive content and antioxidant activity of cherry laurel fruits stored at 4 ± 1 °C for 15 days was evaluated. The EC fruits compared with uncoated fruits in terms of weight loss, brix, color, pH, titratable acidity, reducing sugar, total sugar, sucrose, total phenolic content, DPPH-IC50, ABTS-IC50, total yeast-mold count, number of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C). Results showed that Semperfresh coating was more promising on titratable acidity (0.26%), pH (4.63), invert sugar (11.77 g/100 g), total sugar (11.96 g/100 g) and sucrose (0.13 g/100 g), caseinat coating was found more promising for count of total yeast-mold count (2.93 log kob/g) and total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (3.44 log kob/g) and lecithin coating was more promising in terms of weight loss (6.77%). For radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content, Semperfresh was found more useful. Thus, caseinat, Semperfresh and lecithin showed to be a promising alternative in prolonging shelf life and preserving the quality of cherry laurel

Yenilebilir kaplama İle kaplanan Ayı Üzümü (Vaccinium Arctostaphylos L.) meyvesinin bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi

In this study, blueberry fruit, which is consumed joyfully, was coated with edible coating material ( SemperfreshTM) and stored for 15 days at 4 °C. Antioxidant properties and some physical properties were determined after harvest 5 with days intervals (0, 5th, 10th, 15th days). In uncoated fresh fruits, the amount of dry matter soluble in water was determined as 13.22%, pH 3.41, titratable acidity 1.01%, reducing sugar 8.54g/100g, saccharose 0.17g/100g, total sugar 8.72g /100g, vitamin C 20.37mg/100g, L value 27.09, vitamin A value 0.18, vitamin B value 0.60, total phenolic content 2398.65 mg gallic acid/100g dry weight, DPHH radical scavenging activity (IC50 value) 0.24 and, ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC50 value) 7.61.Coating with SemperfreshTM was statistically significantly effective over the identified parameters in blueberry fruit (P< 0.01). When all parameters were examined in the study, it was seen that blueberry fruit lost less weight as a result of 15-day storage at 4°C when coated with SemperfreshTM. The amount of ascorbic acid could be determined up until the 10th day.Bu çalışmada sevilerek tüketilen ayı üzümü meyvesi, yenilebilir kaplama malzemesi ile (SemperfreshTM) kaplanarak 4 °C’ de 15 gün depolanmıştır. Hasattan sonra 5 gün aralıklarla (0., 5., 10., 15. gün) antioksidan özellikleri ve bazı fiziksel özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Kaplanmamış taze meyvelerde suda çözünür kuru madde miktarı % 13,22, pH 3.41, titrasyon asitliği %1.01, indirgen şeker 8.54g/100g, sakaroz 0.17 g/100g, toplam şeker 8.72 g/100g, C vitamini 20.37 mg/100g, L değeri 27.09, a değeri 0.18, b değeri 0.60, toplam fenolik madde 2398.65 mg gallik asit/100g kuru ağırlık, DPHH radikal giderme aktivitesi (IC50 değeri) 0.24, ABTS radikal giderme aktivitesi (IC50 değeri) 7.61 olarak belirlenmiştir. SemperfreshTM’le kaplama ayı üzümü meyvesinde belirlenen parametreler üzerine istatistiki olarak önemli derecede etkili olmuştur (P< 0.01). Araştırmada bütün parametreler incelendiğinde ayı üzümü meyvesinin 4°C’de 15 günlük depolama sonucunda SemperfreshTM’le kaplandığında ağırlık kaybının daha az olduğu görülmüştür. Askorbik asit miktarı ise 10. güne kadar belirlenebilmiştir

Three-Year Dentition Follow-up of a Paediatric Case with Malignant Infantile Osteopetrosis: A Review of the Literature

Malignant infantile osteopetrosis (MIO), the most severe form of osteopetrosis, also known as marble bone disease, has a high rate of infant mortality and causes severe medical and dental outcomes in children. The general oral findings of this disease are reduced vascularisation of the jawbone as a result of impaired osteoclastic activity, eruption disorders, embedded teeth, missing teeth, dental hypoplasia and misshaping, excessive luxations associated with undeveloped roots, increased incidence of decay, and periodontal membrane defects. The current case patient was diagnosed with MIO at 4 months of age and underwent bone marrow transplantation at the age 3 years. The dentition development of the male patient was followed by regular dental examinations from the years 7 through 10. The tooth development of a MIO paediatric patient is presented in this case report with a review of the literature

Physical, nutritional, textural and sensory qualities of Turkish noodles produced with siyez wheat (Triticum monococcum), kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) and chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.)

In this study, physical (cooking time, water absorption, cooking loss and color), chemical (proximate composition, pH, total phenolic content, mineral matter (Ca, K, Fe, Mg and Zn)), textural (hardness and adhesiveness) and sensory (color, taste, flavor, appearance, hardness, adhesiveness and overall acceptability) attributes were determined in different types of noodles produced from siyez wheat flour, kale powder and chia seed mucilage. Results were statistically evaluated using SAS software. The optimal cooking time for the noodles were 20 min and cooking loss varied between 8.36-12.22%. Kale powder and chia mucilage addition decreased L* and a* values of the noodles. Ash, crude fiber, mineral matter and total phenolic contents of the noodles were higher and fat contents of the noodles were lower than the control sample. Hardness and adhesiveness of the noodles were decreased by addition of the kale powder at 10%. The noodles with higher hardness and lower adhesiveness were preferred by the panelists in sensory evaluation. Increasing the kale powder level in the noodle formulation from 5% to 10% resulted in higher color scores. However, the control sample was the most preferred sample in terms of taste

Harmonic function for which the second dilatation is α-spiral

Let f = h + (g) over bar be a harmonic function in the unit disc . We will give some properties of f under the condition the second dilatation is alpha-spiral.Publisher's Versio

The effects of the seeds of Galeopsis ladanum on fattening performance in quails and occurrence of rhabdomyolysis in rats

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Galeopsis ladanum seeds on rhabdomyolysis occurrence in rats as an animal model and fattening performance of quails. Control group was fed with basal diet without G. ladanum seeds. Diets of treatment groups contained 2 or 4% of G. ladanum seeds, respectively. All animals, quails and rats were fed individually. At the end of the study, 2 and 4% of G. ladanum seeds in the diets did not have reverse effect on body weight, weight gain and feed intake in quails. Besides, treatment group one had a better feed conversion ratio at the end of the third week (p&lt;0.05) and up to 28 days of age (p&lt;0.05). At the end of the feeding period, quails were slaughtered and their drumsticks were fed to the rats either raw or grilled. After consumption of the meat, their serum and organs were subjected to biochemical and pathologic investigations. Although, no pathological finding was observed in the tissue samples, serum myoglobin and enzyme levels were found to be higher than that in the control group (p&lt;0.01). Although, no pathological finding was observed in the tissue samples prepared from rats and quails for histopathological examination, the increase in serum myoglobin and enzyme levels may be due to subcellular changes in the target tissues of toxic substance.Keywords: Galeopsis ladanum, performance, rhabdomyolysis, quai

English Language Teachers’ Awareness of English as a Lingua Franca in Multilingual and Multicultural Contexts

Today English has become the Lingua Franca or common language of many people, regardless of their being native or nonnative speaker of English all over the world. Therefore, it has become necessary to educate pre-/in-service teachers with an awareness towards the significance of the involvement of an “English as a lingua franca” (ELF) perspective in their language teaching practice in multilingual/multicultural contexts. In a rapidly changing world, many English language teachers and teacher trainers are cognizant of the impact of migration in their teaching contexts. However, it is still not very clear to what extent and in what context they are integrating ELF related issues in their language teaching practice. In this study, we make an attempt to unveil in-service teachers’ beliefs about ELF in pedagogical practice in three different countries – Poland, Portugal and Turkey. In order to do that we have adopted a questionnaire from an earlier study investigating the involvement of culture in ELT in expanding circle contexts. The findings of the study revealed that although teachers in these contexts are aware of the significance of the inclusion of an ELF-aware perspective in ELT, they are still hesitant about its applicability in their own teaching context. This study has implications for raising English language teachers’ awareness in conceptualizing how an ELF-aware pedagogical approach can be implemented in a multilingual/multicultural context

Evaluation of The Factors Affecting the Choice of Profession of The Dental Students

Background: Researches on motivation of students to choose dentistry as a profession has been conducted for many years. Students may choose to become dentists for reasons such as serving, being independent, working with their hands, gaining prestige, and financial security. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors in the career preferences of dental students, their expectations and opinions in the education process. Methods: 1,007 participants who answered the web-based questionnaire were included in this study. Obtained data were analysed using SPSS version 23.0 (Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The Independent t test was used for intergroup comparisons in the data were normally distributed. Variables in more than two groups were compared using the one-way ANOVA test. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05 in all analyses. Results: A total of 1007 dentistry students, 370 (36.7%) male and 637 (63.3%) female, with a mean age of 21.15 ± 1.96 participated in the survey study. 236 (23.4%) of the participants were in the first grade, 236 (23.4%) in the second grade, 192 (19.1%) in the third grade, 261 (25.9%) in the fourth grade, and 82 (8.1%) in the fifth grade. 44% of the participants chose the option 'they want to be medicine or dentistry, but gaining dentistry because of their score in the university entrance exam' as the reason for choosing dentistry. Conclusion: Such studies will be useful for the procedures to be followed in eliminating stress and anxiety in students and in the pre-detection of problems