Knowledge and practices of surgical nurses on inadvertent perioperative hypothermia

AIM: This study aimed to determine surgical nurses' knowledge of the risk factors and complications of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia and the practices preferred to prevent inadvertent perioperative hypothermia and to provide normothermia. METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted on 122 volunteer nurses working in the surgical clinics of a state and a private hospital between August 1 and September 15, 2019. The data collection form included questions to determine the characteristics of nurses and the risk factors, complications, and preventive practices of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia. The data forms were distributed by visiting the nurses one by one and were retrieved after an appropriate time. For statistical analyses, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 22.0 software was used. RESULTS: The most known risk factors for IPH were "excessive blood loss" (75.4%), "anemia" (73.0%), and "inadequate covering of the patient/ not enough clothing" (72.9%). The most known complications of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia were "increased oxygen consumption and need" (65.6%), "hypoxemia" (61.5%), and "hypoxia" (49.4%). The most preferred method to provide normothermia in the perioperative period was "covering the patient with a blanket" (80.3%). CONCLUSION: In this study, nurses did not have enough information about the risk factors and complications of Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia. In addition, it was determined that most of the nurses did not use the methods in the guidelines to prevent inadvertend perioperative hypothermia

Insidious Hepatitis B Virus and risk of community transmission: Case report

Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which causes serious health problems worldwide, causes millions of people to get sick and hundreds of thousands to die every year, despite the precautions and vaccination campaigns. Health professionals providing services are at serious risk, particularly in terms of undiagnosed HBV carriers. The hepatitis B surface antigen value of five children who were born at home in a family living in rural areas, whose mother's were hepatitis B patient's, and who were not vaccinated against hepatitis B, were found to be positive. These individuals, who are excluded in any treatment and education program are an important risk factors for both health workers and society

Exposure of emergency nurses to workplace violence and their coping strategies: A cross-sectional design

Introduction: Violence against nurses working in the emer-gency department is a serious problem worldwide.Methods: This descriptive study used a participant question-naire and was conducted in-person, using semi-structured inter-views with 120 emergency nurses (69 female, 51 male) working in the emergency department between September 1 and November 30, 2017.Results: Overall, 90% of the study participants were exposed to workplace violence at least once while working in the emer-gency department, and 94.4% experienced verbal abuse, including insults, shouting, threats, and swearing. Most of such workplace violence came from the patients relatives. Most workplace violence incidents occurred during the 4 PM to midnight time slot and in the triage area. The most important perceived reasons for workplace violence were the long waiting period for treatment and care (79.6%) and not being prioritized for treatment (68.5%). The top 3 coping methods used were reporting to the nurse in charge (78.1%), followed by reaching out to the security personnel (72.8%) and filing lawsuits if exposed to physical violence (65.8%).Conclusions: Most emergency nurses had experienced work -place violence. Hospital administration should take more effec-tive security measures, hospitals should provide education and training programs for dealing with workplace violence, and pro-grams to support staff members on encountering workplace violence should be implemented

Effect of family presence on stress response after bypass surgery

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a major surgery that may cause severe surgical stress response (SR). Although the presence of family members in intensive care unit (ICU) is known to benefit intensive care patients socially and emotionally, its effects on surgical SR are unknown. Objectives: To investigate the effect of an informed family member (IFM)’s presence in the awakening process in ICU on patients’ SR after CABG. Methods: A nonrandomized controlled clinical study was completed with a total of 73 patients: 37 patients in the control (CG) and 36 in the intervention group (IG) underwent CABG surgery. In the CG patients, no family members were taken into the ICU during the awakening process and routine care and treatment practices were continued. In the IG patients, besides routine care and treatment practices, an IFM was taken into the ICU during the awakening process in accordance with the research method. Groups were statistically compared in terms of serum cortisol level which is the one of the main indicators of surgical SR, state anxiety, sedative drug requirements, and duration of intubation, sedation, and ICU stay. A p value <0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results: Presence of an IFM in the ICU was found to be effective in decreasing serum cortisol level, state anxiety, sedative drug requirements, and the duration of intubation, sedation, and ICU stay (p<0.05). Conclusions: In CABG, the presence of IFM in ICU is effective in reducing SR. © 202

Deletion of P2Y2 receptor reveals a role for lymphotoxin-α in fatty streak formation

Background Lymphotoxin alpha (LTα) is expressed in human atherosclerotic lesions and genetic variations in the LTα pathway have been linked to myocardial infarction. Activation of the P2Y2 nucleotide receptor (P2Y2R) regulates the production of LTα. in vitro. We aimed to uncover a potential pathway linking purinergic receptor to LTα-mediated inflammatory processes pivotal to the early stages of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE−/−) deficient mice. Methods and results En face immunostaining revealed that P2Y2R and VCAM-1 are preferentially expressed in the atherosclerosis prone site of the mouse aortic sinus. Deletion of the P2Y2R gene suppresses VCAM-1 expression. Compared with ApoE−/− mice, ApoE−/− mice lacking the P2Y2R gene (ApoE−/−/P2Y2R−/−) did not develop fatty streak lesions when fed a standard chow diet for 15 weeks. Systemic and CD4+ T cell production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine lymphotoxin-alpha (LTα) were specifically inhibited in ApoE−/−/P2Y2R−/−mice. Anti-LTα preventive treatment was initiated in ApoE−/− mice with intraperitoneal administration of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 fusion protein (TNFR1-Fc) on 5 consecutive days before the disease onset. Remarkably, none of the TNFR1:Fc-treated ApoE−/− mice exhibited atherosclerotic lesions at any developmental stage. Significance ApoE−/− mice deficient in P2Y2R exhibit low endothelial cell VCAM-1 levels, decreased production of LTα and delayed onset of atherosclerosis. These data suggest that targeting this nucleotide receptor could be an effective therapeutic approach in atherosclerosis

Pengaruh Asuhan Kefarmasian Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kabupaten Cirebon

&nbsp;Asuhan kefarmasian pada pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan minum obat sehingga glukosa darah terkendali dan kualitas hidup optimal. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh asuhan kefarmasian dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan minum obat, pengendalian kadar glukosa darah dan kualitas hidup pasien DM tipe 2. Penelitian bersifat prospektif menggunakan desain kuasi eksperimental komparatif (control group design withpre-test-post-test). Sebanyak 80 pasien terdiri dari 40 pasien non-Prolanis Puskesmas Talun (intervensi, diberi asuhan kefarmasian) dengan total sampling dan 40 pasien non-Prolanis Puskesmas Karangsari (kontrol, tanpa asuhan kefarmasian) dengan consecutive sampling. Data diperoleh dari kuesioner MMAS-8 (kepatuhan), SF-36 (kualitas hidup) dan kadar GDP, GDPP dari hasil laboratorium. Hasil Uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan (p &lt; 0,005) sebelum dan sesudah asuhan kefarmasian terhadap tingkat kepatuhan, kadar GDP, GDPP dan kualitas hidup pasien kelompok intervensi.Hasil Uji Mann Whitnney menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan (p &lt; 0,05) tingkat kepatuhan, kadar GDP, GDPP dan kualitas hidup akibat asuhan kefarmasian pada pasien kelompok intervensi. Asuhan kefarmasian dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan, keterkendalian kadar GDP, GDPP dan kualitas hidup pasien non-Prolanis DM tipe 2 pada puskesmas tertentu di Kabupaten Cirebon. Kata kunci: Asuhan kefarmasian, Kualitas hidup dan Pasien DM

Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Changed the Sleep Habits of Nursing Students?

Objective:The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic process that the whole world is facing has revealed the importance of a strong immune systemandsleep in fighting diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the pandemic process on the sleeping habits of nursing students.Materials and Methods:This descriptive study was conducted online with 203 volunteer undergraduate students studying at the university nursing department between 20-25 May 2021. Data were collected through the Introductory Information Form, Sleep Assessment Form. This form was composed of questions including consecutive periods such as sleep time, sleep and wake-up time, and time to fall asleep, etc. p<0.05 value was accepted for statistical significance.Results:It was determined that 75.9% of nursing students were women, 31.5% were in the third grade, 92.0% were living with their families. It was determined that the average sleep duration of students increased before the pandemic and during the pandemic period, during pre-pandemic and pandemic period and in the last month, they went to bed later in the evening, woke-up later in the morning, spent more time in bed, resting time increased, and their sleep quality decreased. During the COVID-19 pandemic and pandemic processes, female students had higher average sleep times, time to fall asleep, time to wake-up in the morning, and time spent in bed in the last month than male students.Conclusion:Pandemic process caused changes in sleeping habits of nursing students compared the pre-pandemic period; it was determined that average sleep time, time to wake-up in the morning, the time spent in bed after waking up, time to rest while lying down, and time spent with electronic devices within the scope of the lesson and outside lesson. It’s important for the health of students to regulate sleep habits that are disrupted during the pandemic process

In-vivo evaluation of biocompatibility of biodegradable Fe-Mn materials

The authors evaluated the biodegradability and biocompatibility of an alloy of iron and manganese in a bone model in vivo. Fe-Mn biodegradable materials with various porosities were first fabricated and characterized for microstructure, corrosion and mechanical properties. Resorption of a bioabsorbable wire of chemical formula Fe30Mn and no induced porosity was evaluated in-vivo. The Fe-Mn alloy behavior in-vivo was compared to that of a traditional permanent 316L stainless steel (SS) wire after bilateral transcondylar femoral implantation in 12 rats. Evaluation of biodegradation was performed over a period of 6 months using serial radiography, post-mortem histology and macroscopic implant surface analysis. Increased bone ingrowth was noted at the iron-manganese wire-bone interface, which indicates increased osseointegration of the implant. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Examination of individualised care behaviours and ethnocentrism of nurses caring for refugees: A descriptive and exploratory study

BackgroundQualified individualised nursing care should be provided to all communities and ethnic groups with free of ethnocentrism. AimsTo evaluate nurses' individualised care behaviours and ethnocentric attitudes and predict the relationship between their individualised care behaviours and ethnocentric attitudes. DesignA descriptive and exploratory study. MethodsThis study was conducted with 250 nurses working in a public and two private hospitals in a city, an area with many refugees. Data were collected using the Ethnocentrism Scale and Individualised Care Behaviours Scale. Structural equation model analysis to test hypothetical model and descriptive statistics were used. ResultsNurses working in the private hospitals had a higher individualised care decision control mean score. Those nurses who enjoyed spending time with people from different cultures had lower mean ethnocentrism scale scores, higher individualised care clinical status, personal life and decision control status subscales mean scores compared to other nurses. Mean scores of the individualised care personal life and decision control status subscales of the nurses who followed the literature on transcultural nursing was higher. A significant relationship between the ethnocentrism levels and individualised care behaviours was identified. Accordingly, the ethnocentric attitudes of the nurses negatively affected their individualised care behaviours, and the model established between the two concepts is statistically appropriate. ConclusionsNurses who work in private hospitals, receive intercultural nursing education and enjoy spending time with different cultures have higher individualised care behaviours and lower ethnocentrism levels. Ethnocentric attitudes of the nurses negatively affected their individualised care behaviours. Care strategies should be developed that consider the factors that will maximize individualised care practices that minimize ethnocentric behaviours among nurses. Implications for the ProfessionIncreasing awareness on individualised care behaviours, ethnocentric attitudes and effected factors will contribute to improve of nursing care quality of nurses while giving care to individuals from different cultures