Non-learning Stereo-aided Depth Completion under Mis-projection via Selective Stereo Matching

We propose a non-learning depth completion method for a sparse depth map captured using a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor guided by a pair of stereo images. Generally, conventional stereo-aided depth completion methods have two limiations. (i) They assume the given sparse depth map is accurately aligned to the input image, whereas the alignment is difficult to achieve in practice. (ii) They have limited accuracy in the long range because the depth is estimated by pixel disparity. To solve the abovementioned limitations, we propose selective stereo matching (SSM) that searches the most appropriate depth value for each image pixel from its neighborly projected LiDAR points based on an energy minimization framework. This depth selection approach can handle any type of mis-projection. Moreover, SSM has an advantage in terms of long-range depth accuracy because it directly uses the LiDAR measurement rather than the depth acquired from the stereo. SSM is a discrete process; thus, we apply variational smoothing with binary anisotropic diffusion tensor (B-ADT) to generate a continuous depth map while preserving depth discontinuity across object boundaries. Experimentally, compared with the previous state-of-the-art stereo-aided depth completion, the proposed method reduced the mean absolute error (MAE) of the depth estimation to 0.65 times and demonstrated approximately twice more accurate estimation in the long range. Moreover, under various LiDAR-camera calibration errors, the proposed method reduced the depth estimation MAE to 0.34-0.93 times from previous depth completion methods.Comment: 15 pages, 13 figure

The Arabidopsis Malectin-Like/LRR-RLK IOS1 is Critical for BAK1-Dependent and BAK1-Independent Pattern-Triggered Immunity

Plasma membrane-localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as FLAGELLIN SENSING2 (FLS2), EF-TU RECEPTOR (EFR) and CHITIN ELICITOR RECEPTOR KINASE 1 (CERK1) recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) to activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). A reverse genetics approach on genes responsive to the priming agent beta-aminobutyric acid (BABA) revealed IMPAIRED OOMYCETE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 (IOS1) as a critical PTI player. Arabidopsis thaliana ios1 mutants were hyper-susceptible to Pseudomonas syringae bacteria. Accordingly, ios1 mutants showed defective PTI responses, notably delayed up-regulation of the PTI-marker gene FLG22-INDUCED RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE1 (FRK1), reduced callose deposition and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation upon MAMP treatment. Moreover, Arabidopsis lines over-expressing IOS1 were more resistant to bacteria and showed a primed PTI response. In vitro pull-down, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, co-immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry analyses supported the existence of complexes between the membrane-localized IOS1 and BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1)-dependent PRRs FLS2 and EFR, as well as with the BAK1-independent PRR CERK1. IOS1 also associated with BAK1 in a ligand-independent manner, and positively regulated FLS2-BAK1 complex formation upon MAMP treatment. In addition, IOS1 was critical for chitin-mediated PTI. Finally, ios1 mutants were defective in BABA-induced resistance and priming. This work reveals IOS1 as a novel regulatory protein of FLS2-, EFR- and CERK1-mediated signaling pathways that primes PTI activation

Diagnosing 0.1–10 au Scale Morphology of the FU Ori Disk Using ALMA and VLTI/GRAVITY

We report new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 3 (86–100 GHz; ~80 mas angular resolution) and Band 4 (146–160 GHz; ~50 mas angular resolution) observations of the dust continuum emission toward the archetypal and ongoing accretion burst young stellar object FU Ori, which simultaneously covered its companion, FU Ori S. In addition, we present near-infrared (2–2.45 μm) observations of FU Ori taken with the General Relativity Analysis via VLT InTerferometrY (GRAVITY; ~1 mas angular resolution) instrument on the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). We find that the emission in both FU Ori and FU Ori S at (sub)millimeter and near-infrared bands is dominated by structures inward of ~10 au radii. We detected closure phases close to zero from FU Ori with VLTI/GRAVITY, which indicate the source is approximately centrally symmetric and therefore is likely viewed nearly face-on. Our simple model to fit the GRAVITY data shows that the inner 0.4 au radii of the FU Ori disk has a triangular spectral shape at 2–2.45 μm, which is consistent with the H2O and CO absorption features in a 10−4 M ⊙ yr−1, viscously heated accretion disk. At larger (~0.4–10 au) radii, our analysis shows that viscous heating may also explain the observed (sub)millimeter and centimeter spectral energy distribution when we assume a constant, ~10−4 M ⊙ yr−1 mass inflow rate in this region. This explains how the inner 0.4 au disk is replenished with mass at a modest rate, such that it neither depletes nor accumulates significant masses over its short dynamic timescale. Finally, we tentatively detect evidence of vertical dust settling in the inner 10 au of the FU Ori disk, but confirmation requires more complete spectral sampling in the centimeter bands

Alternating domains with uniaxial and biaxial magnetic anisotropy in epitaxial Fe films on BaTiO[sub 3]

We report on domain formation and magnetization reversal in epitaxial Fe films on ferroelectric BaTiO3 substrates with ferroelastica–c stripe domains. The Fe films exhibit biaxial magnetic anisotropy on top of c domains with out-of-plane polarization, whereas the in-plane lattice elongation of a domains induces uniaxial magnetoelasticanisotropy via inverse magnetostriction. The strong modulation of magnetic anisotropy symmetry results in full imprinting of the a–c domain pattern in the Fe films. Exchange and magnetostaticinteractions between neighboring magnetic stripes further influence magnetization reversal and pattern formation within the a and c domains.Peer reviewe

Revisiting Signature of Minimal Gauge Mediation

We revisit phenomenology of the minimal gauge-mediated model. This model is motivated from the SUSY CP and flavor problems. A specific feature of this model is that \tan\beta is naturally large, since the B term in the Higgs potential is zero at the messenger scale. This leads to significant SUSY contributions to various low-energy observables. We evaluate the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and the branching ratio of \bar{B}\to X_s\gamma taking account of recent theoretical and experimental developments. We find that the current experimental data prefer a low messenger scale (\sim 100 TeV) and gluino mass around 1 TeV. We also calculate the branching ratios of \bar{B}\to X_s l^+l^-, B_s\to \mu^+\mu^-, and B^-\to \tau^- \bar{\nu}, and show that these observables are strongly correlated with each other in this model.Comment: 20 pages, 16 figure

Enhanced bioconversion of hydrogen and carbon dioxide to methane using a micro-nano sparger system: mass balance and energy consumption

Simultaneous CO2 removal with renewable biofuel production can be achieved by methanogens through conversion of CO2 and H2 into CH4. However, the low gas–liquid mass transfer (kLa) of H2 limits the commercial application of this bioconversion. This study tested and compared the gas–liquid mass transfer of H2 by using two stirred tank reactors (STRs) equipped with a micro-nano sparger (MNS) and common micro sparger (CMS), respectively. MNS was found to display superiority to CMS in methane production with the maximum methane evolution rate (MER) of 171.40 mmol/LR/d and 136.10 mmol/LR/d, along with a specific biomass growth rate of 0.15 d−1 and 0.09 d−1, respectively. Energy analysis indicated that the energy-productivity ratio for MNS was higher than that for CMS. This work suggests that MNS can be used as an applicable resolution to the limited kLa of H2 and thus enhance the bioconversion of H2 and CO2 to CH4

A disk-type dose imaging detector based on blue and orange RPL in Ag-activated phosphate glass for 2D and 3D dose imaging applications

A disk-type two- and three-dimensional (2D, 3D) X-ray dose imaging detector was developed based on the radiation-induced silver (Ag)-related species in Ag-activated phosphate glass. This luminescent detector is based on the blue and orange radiophotoluminescence (RPL) phenomena. A comparative study of the steady- and transient-state optical properties of blue and orange RPL, such as the time-resolved luminescence spectra and the RPL decay curves, was performed. In addition, the combination of a confocal optical detection system with a transparent glass detector enables 3D reconstruction through the stacking of dose images collected at different depths within the material. The capabilities of this detector for 2D and 3D dose imaging applications are discussed. © 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Embargo Period 24 month