Bayesian Modeling for Estimating Cattle’s Dung position in Pasture

Livestock excrement is one of the major sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission in pasture. As a first step in evaluating its contribution to overall GHG emissions, an understanding of excretion distribution patterns in pastures is required. Betteridge et al. (2010) describe a urine sensor that detects and logs each urination event of female sheep and cattle. The urine sensor records time and ambient temperature at one-second intervals however, patters of dung distribution are not specified. The objective of this study was to predict spatial distribution of cattle dung. The knowledge of livestock excrement position may be useful for farmers to minimize overall GHG emissions

コミュニティ・スポーツ展開の構図

In this monograph, having investigated the actual conditions of community sports by the nation-wide data and "Shinkawa-cho" research, some findings are as follows. (1) The ensure of the intermediate group in contemporary society is urgent necessity. At that time, one concrete measure is the diffusion of community sports. (2) But, it\u27s actual conditions show the need for facilities, organization, and leader for it. And, the commnnity people, also, have some unsolved problems. (3) And so. We have to discuss next problems. (a) We need accept it in the daily life as one of life-interest. (b) It\u27s need the ensure of space for community sports. At that time, it must be change from one delux space to daily life\u27s one. As we say one concrete measure, it\u27s point out the throw open the facilities of school and enterprise, and utilize the road or open space. (c) It is most important that the management must be participate by the delegation and sport leader in community and student in especially or college

Osteocalcin and body fat in type 1 diabetes

The objective of the present study was to investigate the correlations between serum under-carboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) or osteocalcin (OC) concentrations and %body fat, serum adiponectin and free-testosterone concentration, muscle strength and dose of exogenous insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes. We recruited 73 Japanese young adult patients with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes. All participants were receiving insulin replacement therapy. The correlations between logarithmic serum ucOC or OC concentrations and each parameter were examined. Serum ucOC and OC concentrations were inversely correlated with% body fat (r = -0.319, P = 0.007; r = -0.321, P = 0.006, respectively). Furthermore, multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine whether or not serum ucOC or OC concentrations were factors associated with %body fat. Serum ucOC and OC concentrations remained significant factors even after adjusting for gender, HbA1c, body weight-adjusted total daily dose of insulin and duration of diabetes (β = -0.260, P = 0.027; β = -0.254, P = 0.031, respectively). However, serum ucOC and OC concentrations were not correlated with serum adiponectin or free-testosterone concentrations, muscle strength or dose of exogenous insulin. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the inverse correlation between serum ucOC or OC concentrations and body fat in patients with type 1 diabetes

CP violation effect in long-baseline neutrino oscillation in the four-neutrino model

We investigate CP-violation effect in the long-baseline neutrino oscillation in the four-neutrino model with mass scheme of the two nearly degenerate pairs separated with the order of 1 eV, by using the data from the solar neutrino deficit, the atmospheric neutrino anomaly and the LSND experiments along with the other accelerator and reactor experiments. By use of the most general parametrization of the mixing matrix with six angles and six phases, we show that the genuine CP-violation effect could attain as large as 0.3 for $\Delta P(\nu_\mu\to\nu_\tau) \equiv P(\nu_\mu\to\nu_\tau) - P(\bar{\nu_\mu}\to\bar{\nu_\tau})$ and that the matter effect is negligibly small such as at most 0.01 for $\Delta P(\nu_\mu\to\nu_\tau)$ for $\Delta m^2 = (1-5)\times 10^{-3} {\rm eV}^2$, which is the mass-squared difference relevant to the long-baseline oscillation.Comment: 21 pages in LaTeX, 9 ps figures. Some changes in the Introduction and Reference

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guideline for acute kidney injury 2016

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome which has a broad range of etiologic factors depending on different clinical settings. Because AKI has significant impacts on prognosis in any clinical settings, early detection and intervention are necessary to improve the outcomes of AKI patients. This clinical guideline for AKI was developed by a multidisciplinary approach with nephrology, intensive care medicine, blood purification, and pediatrics. Of note, clinical practice for AKI management which was widely performed in Japan was also evaluated with comprehensive literature search

マイクロハ グローホウデン CVD ニ ヨル a-Si:Hハクマク ノ セイセイ

Microwave plasma of SiH_4/H_2 gas has been produced by glow discharge in direction of microwave propagation along a ridge waveguide and investigated by observing distribution of optical emission from the plasma. 0ptimum position of gas inlet has been obtained. Deposited film posseses more or less microcrystalline phase, but its photoelectric property differs whether it is prepared inside or outside the plasma. Photoelectric property of the film obtained inside the plasma is poor but it is improved by hydrogenation or intermittent discharge. The film obtained outside the plasma has fairly good photoelectric property and growth rate of 20Å/s. It is postulated that the former film is affected by high substrate temperature and the latter is grown partly by chemical transport

Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049