The Peculiarities of the Influence of the Finite Sizes of a Detail on the Distribution of the Surface Layer Micro-hardness

It was found that under wave deformation hardening the state of a generated wave, depending on the geometry of the workpieces, has a significant impact on the surface layer micro-hardness distribution

Simulation of composition changes in reservoirs with large hydrocarbon columns and temperature gradient

This paper compares three methods for calculation of initial composition variation with depth in hydrocarbon reservoirs: considering thermal diffusion, considering temperature gradient without thermal diffusion effects; and by gravity forces only. Newton method-based numerical algorithm was implemented for solution of thermodynamic equations to evaluate pressure and hydrocarbon composition. Test calculations are performed for main gas-condensate reservoir of Vuktylskoye field with a gas column of 1350 m. The results obtained with the numerical algorithm indicate that gravity segregation impact is the strongest for all the cases considered. Concentration decreases with depth for low molecular weight components and increases for high molecular weight components. The higher molecular weight of the component, the stronger variation of its concentration with depth. Initial reservoir pressure also changes accordingly. However, thermal diffusion also has a significant influence on variation of hydrocarbon composition with depth and initial reservoir pressure. For the test case considered, thermal diffusion magnifies the impact of gravity and results in strongly nonlinear dependencies of component concentrations on depth. When thermal gradient is taken into account without thermal diffusion effects, the results are only slightly different from those with the isothermal gravity segregation calculations. None of the calculation methods were successful in matching estimates of initial composition variation with depth obtained from well exploitation data. Physical mechanisms governing variation of composition within the main reservoir of the Vuktylskoye field require additional investigation. Despite the long history of the reservoir development, this problem was previously studied based only on field development data

Standard Regulation of Corporate Management

Management of corporation through its standard regulation, in comparison with the standard national system of standardization, is more expedient as there is an opportunity to establish corporate rules of development and application of the standards taking into account structure and specifics of industrial corporation and/or area of its activity taking into account interests of all interested parties, including regional interests. For creation of own system of standardization in corporation it is necessary to analyse kinds of activity, to establish, what are expedient for regulating by means of standardization, and then to define head enterprise of industrial corporation which will perform organizational and methodical management of works on corporate standardization. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n24p44

The yield formation of winter wheat under the influence of fertilization systems using two field experiments as an example

The paper presents experimental data on the change in the winter wheat yield when using straw, green manure, and a biological preparation as a fertilizer in one field experiment and using different doses of zeolite and its modifications in another. It has been ascertained that organic and organo-mineral fertilization systems have a positive effect on the winter wheat grain yield. The application of straw, green manure, and a biological preparation in the technology of winter wheat cultivation made it possible to increase the yield of winter wheat by 7-13%. It is quite difficult to ensure the volume of the produce obtained at the level of mineral fertilizers using only the system of organic fertilizers. The latter is possible when applying a new generation of fertilizers based on high-silicon rocks in the technology of cultivating agricultural crops, which are natural environmentally friendly materials. The grain yield increased in the latter case by 7-56%

Network development in biological gels: role in lymphatic vessel development

In this paper, we present a model that explains the prepatterning of lymphatic vessel morphology in collagen gels. This model is derived using the theory of two phase rubber material due to Flory and coworkers and it consists of two coupled fourth order partial differential equations describing the evolution of the collagen volume fraction, and the evolution of the proton concentration in a collagen implant; as described in experiments of Boardman and Swartz (Circ. Res. 92, 801–808, 2003). Using linear stability analysis, we find that above a critical level of proton concentration, spatial patterns form due to small perturbations in the initially uniform steady state. Using a long wavelength reduction, we can reduce the two coupled partial differential equations to one fourth order equation that is very similar to the Cahn–Hilliard equation; however, it has more complex nonlinearities and degeneracies. We present the results of numerical simulations and discuss the biological implications of our model

Status of the Lake Baikal Experiment

We review the present status of the Baikal Underwater Neutrino Experiment and report on neutrino events recorded with the detector stages NT-36 and NT-96.Comment: 5 pages, 4 PostScript figures, uses here.sty and mine.sty, submitted to the Proc. of 5th Int. Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (LNGS INFN, Assergi, September 7-11, 1997

The Baikal Deep Underwater Neutrino Experiment: Results, Status, Future

We review the present status of the Baikal Underwater Neutrino Experiment and present results obtained with the various stages of the stepwise increasing detector: NT-36 (1993-95), NT-72 (1995-96) and NT-96 (1996-97). Results cover atmospheric muons, first clear neutrino events, search for neutrinos from WIMP annihilation in the center of the Earth, search for magnetic monopoles, and -- far from astroparticle physics -- limnology.Comment: Talk given at the Int. School on Nuclear Physics, Erice, Sept.199