THE CONCEPTUAL TRANSFORMATION OF SACRIFICE IN MODERN CHINA, 1895-1930

Master'sMASTER OF ART

Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Tumor Stem Cells in Breast Cancer by Using Flow Cytometry

We demonstrated the value of multiparameter flowcytometry in detecting human tumor cells of breast cancer in peripheral blood, which had a sensitivity limit of 10-5 and higher specificity compares with real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). It was also found that circulating tumor cell (CTC) number was related with TNM stage, metastasis and the overall survival of patients. CTC level was one of the important factors for patients’ prognosis. At the same time, we also verified the circulating tumor stem cell (CTSC) was connected with TNM stage by multiparameter cytometry. The detection of CTC and CTSC by multiparameter flowcytometry may be used to diagnose disease at early stage to guide clinical therapy or to predict prognosis. Multiparameter flowcytometry has the potential to be a valuable tool for prognosis assessment among patients with breast cancer in clinical situation in China

Quantifying Human Mobility Using The Longest Distance Traveled

Background: Population movement has a dramatic impact on infectious disease epidemiology. Human mobility data is increasingly being used to model pathogen dispersion, but it is difficult to study long-distance movement of humans. Objectives: Develop models of long-distance human travel based on questionnaire data describing the longest distance traveled by someone in a household over one week, one month, 6 months, and 1 year. Methods and Analysis: Mathematical models were generated based on the daily travel and N-day routine hypotheses. The parameters were estimated through maximum likelihood method, and Bayesian information criteria (BIC) was used to assess the goodness of fit. Results and Conclusions: Household location was an important factor shaping human mobility. A routine-travel cycle consisting of 11-13 days provided the best fit (BIC = 29802). Daily human movement and human movement overall may be best explained by routines that are repeated biweekly or perhaps longer

The Devil of Face Recognition is in the Noise

The growing scale of face recognition datasets empowers us to train strong convolutional networks for face recognition. While a variety of architectures and loss functions have been devised, we still have a limited understanding of the source and consequence of label noise inherent in existing datasets. We make the following contributions: 1) We contribute cleaned subsets of popular face databases, i.e., MegaFace and MS-Celeb-1M datasets, and build a new large-scale noise-controlled IMDb-Face dataset. 2) With the original datasets and cleaned subsets, we profile and analyze label noise properties of MegaFace and MS-Celeb-1M. We show that a few orders more samples are needed to achieve the same accuracy yielded by a clean subset. 3) We study the association between different types of noise, i.e., label flips and outliers, with the accuracy of face recognition models. 4) We investigate ways to improve data cleanliness, including a comprehensive user study on the influence of data labeling strategies to annotation accuracy. The IMDb-Face dataset has been released on https://github.com/fwang91/IMDb-Face.Comment: accepted to ECCV'1

Social life and political trust in China: Searching for machers and schmoozers

Previous literature has provided little evidence regarding the ways in which China’s burgeoning social life and rapid urbanization shape Chinese people’s level of trust in their government leaders. This article builds on Robert Putnam’s conceptualization of maching and schmoozing as formal and informal forms of social involvement, respectively. Using the 2012 Chinese General Social Survey, we identify four types of participants in social involvement, namely the inactives, machers, schmoozers and all-rounders, to untangle various aspects of social life in China. Our empirical analysis shows that the sociodemographic positions of the four types of social involvement are largely distinct. Our findings also contribute to the study of political trust by offering insight into the complicated associations between social involvement, hukou status and political trust in contemporary Chinese society

Weak averaging principle for multiscale stochastic dynamical systems driven by α\alpha-stable processes

We aim to extend the weak averaging principle for the multiscale systems driven by Gaussian noises in [E. Pardoux, A. Y. Veretennilov, Ann. Probab., 29 (2001), 1061-1085] to $\alpha$-stable case. First we exam the existence of a Poisson equation for the nonlocal elliptic operator corresponding to an ergodic jump process. Then we study the weak averaging principle for the multiscale stochastic dynamical systems driven by $\alpha$-stable noises. Using the method of corrector, we show that the averaged system weakly converges to the slow component of original system as the scale parameter tends to zero. Finally, we present two specific examples to illustrate our results

Prediction of the post-translational modifications of adipokinetic hormone receptors from solitary to eusocial bees

Adipokinetic hormone receptor (AKHR) was regarded as the crucial regulator of lipid consuming, but now has been renewed as a pluripotent neuropeptide G protein-coupled receptor. It has been identified in all sequenced bee genomes from the solitary to the eusocial. In the current study, we try to clarify the transitions of AKHR on lipid utilization and other potential functions from solitary to eusocial bees. The results showed that the AKHRs were divided into different groups based on their social complexity approximately. Nevertheless, the critical motifs and tertiary structures were highly conserved. As to the post-translational modifications, the eusocial possessed more phosphorylation residues and modification patterns, which might be due to the necessity of more diverse functions. These results suggest that AKHRs are highly conserved on both primary motifs and tertiary structures, but more flexible on posttranslational modifications so as to accommodate to more complicated eusocial life

Pulmonary alveolar type I cell population consists of two distinct subtypes that differ in cell fate.

Pulmonary alveolar type I (AT1) cells cover more than 95% of alveolar surface and are essential for the air-blood barrier function of lungs. AT1 cells have been shown to retain developmental plasticity during alveolar regeneration. However, the development and heterogeneity of AT1 cells remain largely unknown. Here, we conducted a single-cell RNA-seq analysis to characterize postnatal AT1 cell development and identified insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (Igfbp2) as a genetic marker specifically expressed in postnatal AT1 cells. The portion of AT1 cells expressing Igfbp2 increases during alveologenesis and in post pneumonectomy (PNX) newly formed alveoli. We found that the adult AT1 cell population contains both Hopx+Igfbp2+ and Hopx+Igfbp2- AT1 cells, which have distinct cell fates during alveolar regeneration. Using an Igfbp2-CreER mouse model, we demonstrate that Hopx+Igfbp2+ AT1 cells represent terminally differentiated AT1 cells that are not able to transdifferentiate into AT2 cells during post-PNX alveolar regeneration. Our study provides tools and insights that will guide future investigations into the molecular and cellular mechanism or mechanisms underlying AT1 cell fate during lung development and regeneration