Analysis of HER2 Gene Amplification and Certain Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer

Objective: The HER2 gene amplification and certain prognostic factors in breast cancer were analyzed. Method: The gene amplification and protein expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor in 100 breast cancer tissues detected by FISH and IHC detection method in the hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were analyzed. To analyze some breast cancer prognostic factors. Result: 0 is 8 cases of HER-2 protein breast cancer, (1+) is 11 cases, (2+) is 49 cases, (3+) is 32 cases. The HER2 gene was amplified in 49 cases, of which 23 cases showed red signals in clusters, and 26 cases showed red signals in dots. 51 cases of HER-2 gene were not amplified. There are differences in the detection results of FISH and IHC detection methods (P＞0.05). ER, PR and polysomy of chromosome 17 are prognostic factors associated with HER2 gene amplification in certain breast cancers. (P＜0.05) Conclusion: To analyze the HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer and targeted select FISH and IHC detection methods can improve the therapeutic effect and prognostic factor, which deserves clinical attention

Clinical Study of Endocrine Hormone Combined with Trastuzumab in Maintenance Treatment of HR and HER-2 Positive Advanced Breast Cancer

Objective: To analyze the clinical effect of endocrine hormone combined with trastuzumab in maintenance therapy of HR (hormone receptor) and HER-2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor) positive advanced breast cancer. Methods: A total of 80 patients with HR and HER-2 positive advanced breast cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected, and the 80 patients were divided into 2 groups by random number table method, the control group (N= 40) The patients in the observation group (N=40) were treated with trastuzumab, and the patients in the observation group (N=40) were treated with endocrine hormones and trastuzumab for maintenance. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared. Results: The two groups of patients had similar serum CD8+, CD4+, CD3+ before treatment and CD8+ after treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the CD4+ and CD3+ in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group. It was higher in the control group (P<0.05); the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Endocrine hormone combined with trastuzumab maintenance therapy for HR and HER-2 positive advanced breast cancer has significant clinical effect, can effectively improve the immune indexes of patients, and has less adverse reactions, which is worthy of clinical application

The distribution of heterophilic antigens and their relationship with autoimmune diseases

IntroductionMicrobial infections are associated with the occurrence of autoimmune diseases, but the mechanisms of microbial infection inducing autoimmune diseases are not fully understood. The existence of heterophilic antigens between microorganisms and human tissues may explain part of the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Here, we investigate the distribution of heterophilic antigens and its relationship with autoimmune diseases.MethodsMonoclonal antibodies against a variety of microorganisms were prepared. The titer, subclass and reactivity of antibodies with microorganisms were identified, and heterophilic antibodies that cross-reacted with human tissues were screened by human tissue microarray. The reactivity of these heterophilic antibodies with different individuals and different species was further examined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsIn this study, 21 strains of heterophilic antibodies were screened. The results showed that these heterophilic antibodies were produced due to the existence of heterophilic antigens between microorganism and human body and the distribution of heterophilic antigens had individual, tissue and species differences.ConclusionOur study showed that heterophilic antigens exist widely between microorganisms and human body, and the heterophilic antigens carried by microorganisms may break the immune tolerance of the body through carrier effect and initiate immune response, which may be one of the important mechanisms of infection inducing autoimmune diseases

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells inhibit coronary artery injury in mice with Lactobacillus casei wall extract-induced kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a serious threat to children’s physical and mental health. This study investigated the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) on KD coronary arteritis induced by Lactobacillus casei wall extract (LCWE) in an animal model. Sixty BALB/C mice were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 20 mice per group). Mice in the model and stem-cell groups were injected with LCWE, while the control-group mice were injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 2 days. At day 16 of modeling, PBS was injected into the control and model-group mice, and hUC-MSCs were injected into the stem-cell group mice for 10 days. At days 4, 15, 26, and 32 of modeling, echocardiography and histopathology were performed to examine the cardiac structure and the morphological changes in the coronary arteries in each group. B-ultrasonography showed that 57.5% (23/40) of the mice had coronary artery lesions, of which 5% (2/40) had right coronary artery aneurysm, 27.5% (11/40) had coronary artery wall thickening, a widened inner diameter of the main artery of the left coronary artery, and thickened intima. Histopathology showed slight swelling of the epicardium of the aortic valve, mitral valve, right ventricle, and atrium, as well as scattered infiltration of a few neutrophils. Following hUC-MSCs intervention treatment, B-ultrasonography showed a decrease in the main coronary artery diameter, while histopathology showed no obvious vascular inflammatory reaction or other obvious abnormalities. These findings highlight that hUC-MSCs inhibit coronary artery injury in animal models of KD induced by LCWE

Establishment of a mode casei wall extract in mice with effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells coronary artery injury and pathological and ultrasound changes

Objective: To investigate the establishment of a model of Kawasaki disease mouse coronary artery injury caused by Lactobacillus Casei Wall Extract (LCWE) and the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) on coronary artery injury and pathological and ultrasound changes. Methods: Sixty BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups, each with 20 mice. The control group was given phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) intraperitoneally for 2 consecutive days; the model group and the stem cell group were immunized with the prepared LCWE for 2 consecutive days. From the 16th day of the immunological model, the control group and model group were injected with 300 μL PBS daily; the stem cell group was injected with 300 μL (105/mL) of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells daily for 10 consecutive days.  The mice were killed in batches on the 4th, 15th, 26th, and 32nd day of immunization, and the morphological changes of the coronary arteries of the mice were observed by echocardiography and histopathology.  Results: LCWE can induce coronary artery damage similar to Kawasaki disease in mice. B-ultrasound showed that 57.5% (23/40) mice had coronary artery disease, of which 5% (2/40) had a right coronary artery aneurysm and 27.5% (11/40). Thickening of the coronary artery wall, widening of the inner diameter of the left coronary artery trunk, and thickening of the intima; histopathology showed mild swelling of the epicardium of the aortic valve, mitral valve, right ventricle and atrium, and a few neutral granulocytes were scattered and infiltrated, the coronary artery lumen within it was dilated and a small amount of myocardial cells died and collapsed, and the local fibrous connective tissue was significantly proliferated and accompanied by solid calcium salt deposition. After hUC-MSCs intervention treatment, the ultrasound showed that the inner diameter of the main coronary artery was reduced. Histopathology showed that there was a large amount of lymphocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes in the outer membrane of the left atrial appendage of the mouse. There was no obvious vasculitis and other infiltrations; obviously abnormal.  Conclusion: 1. Lactobacillus Casei Wall Extract (LCWE) can induce coronary arteritis in an animal model of Kawasaki Disease (KD).  2. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have a therapeutic effect on coronary artery disease in animal models of Kawasaki disease