Objective: The HER2 gene amplification and certainÂ prognostic factors in breast cancer were analyzed. Method: The gene amplification and protein expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor in 100 breast cancer tissues detected by FISH and IHC detection method in the hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were analyzed. To analyze some breast cancer prognostic factors.Â Result: 0 is 8 cases of HER-2 protein breast cancer, (1+) is 11 cases, (2+) is 49 cases, (3+) is 32 cases. The HER2 gene was amplified in 49 cases, of which 23 cases showed red signals in clusters, and 26 cases showed red signals in dots. 51 cases of HER-2 gene were not amplified. There are differences in the detection results of FISH and IHC detection methods (Pï¼ž0.05). ER, PR and polysomyÂ of chromosome 17 are prognostic factors associated with HER2 gene amplification in certainÂ breast cancers.Â (Pï¼œ0.05) Conclusion: To analyze the HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer and targeted select FISH and IHC detection methods can improve the therapeutic effect and prognostic factor, which deserves clinical attention

Feng, Yangmeng

Huo, Binliang

Li, Jianhui

Wu, Shuhan

Zhu, Xulong

English

Advanced Emergency Medicine (E-Journal)

Volume 11 | Issue 3 - 241 -Analysis of HER2 Gene Amplification and Certain PrognosticFactors in Breast CancerXulong Zhu, Binliang Huo, Jianhui Li, Shuhan Wu, Yangmeng FengDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710068, China.Abstract: Objective: The HER2 gene amplification and certain prognostic factors in breast cancer were analyzed. Method:The gene amplification and protein expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor in 100 breast cancer tissuesdetected by FISH and IHC detection method in the hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were analyzed. To analyzesome breast cancer prognostic factors. Result: 0 is 8 cases of HER-2 protein breast cancer, (1+) is 11 cases, (2+) is 49 cases,(3+) is 32 cases. The HER2 gene was amplified in 49 cases, of which 23 cases showed red signals in clusters, and 26 casesshowed red signals in dots. 51 cases of HER-2 gene were not amplified. There are differences in the detection results of FISHand IHC detection methods (P＞0.05). ER, PR and polysomy of chromosome 17 are prognostic factors associated with HER2gene amplification in certain breast cancers. (P＜0.05) Conclusion: To analyze the HER2 gene amplification in breast cancerand targeted select FISH and IHC detection methods can improve the therapeutic effect and prognostic factor, which deservesclinical attention.Keywords: Breast Cancer; HER2; Gene Amplification; Prognostic FactorsIntroductionBreast cancer is an uncontrolled proliferation of mammary epithelial cells under the action of various carcinogenicfactors. Breast cancer has become the number one killer of women's health. The HER2 gene is an epidermal growth factor,and HER2 gene amplification indicates that the tumor has a higher degree of malignancy than non-amplified tumors. HER2gene amplification is a gene infiltration of breast cancer and is a key gene marker for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Somescholars found that breast cancer patients with HER2 gene amplification are resistant to certain chemotherapy drugs. Theprognosis of patients is poor, and recurrence and metastasis occur earlier, which directly affects the overall survival ofpatients.[1] At present, HER2 gene amplification has been used as an important reference for judging the prognosis of breastcancer. Therefore, by taking effective methods to detect the HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer, it can directly providethe best treatment and prognosis for patients. The details are as follows:1. Data and Method1.1 General DataThe gene amplification and protein expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor in 100 breast cancer tissuesdetected by FISH and IHC detection method in the hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were analyzed. To analyzesome breast cancer prognostic factors. The 100 patients were all female, with an age range of 28 to 72, and an average age of44.32±3.33. Inclusion criteria: ① All patients were aware of the study and agreed. ② All patients had breast cancer. ③ Thepatients were all female. Exclusion criteria:① The medical history data is incomplete.1.2 MethodFISH Detection Method: All patients were detected by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization. First, fix the sample, doAdvanced Emergency Medicine- 242 -sample preparation, pre-treatment and pre-hybridization. We do a good job of denaturing probes and samples, and usedifferent probes to hybridize to detect different target sequences. Unbound probes are removed by washing, the hybridizationsignal is detected, and the results are analyzed.IHC Detection Method: They were fixed in 4% central formaldehyde, embedded in conventional paraffin, sectioned at4um, and stained with HE. Immunohistochemical staining was performed by MaxVision method, and primary antibodieswere ER, PR and HER-2.1.3 Observation TargetAnalysis of HER-2 protein and HER-2 gene.The HER-2 gene was analyzed by FISH and IHC detection methods.The relationship between some prognostic factors of breast cancer HER2 gene amplification was analyzed from the aspectsof age, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, ER, PR and polysomy of chromosome 17.1.4 Statistical MethodThe data were included in SPSS 20.0 software for analysis, measurement data were compared using t test, andrepresented by ( sx  ), and rate count data were examined by χ2 test, which was represented by rate (%), (P<0.05) wasconsidered to be significantly different, with statistical significance.2. Result2.1 Analysis of HER-2 protein and HER-2 geneHER-2 protein: In breast cancer, 0 is 8 cases, accounting for 8%; (1+) is 11 cases, accounting for 11%; (2+) is 49 cases,accounting for 49%; (3+) is 32 cases, accounting for 32%.HER-2 gene：The HER-2 gene was amplified in 49 cases, of which 23 cases showed red signals in clusters, and 26 casesshowed red signals in dots. 51 cases of HER-2 gene were not amplified.2.2 Analysis of FISH and IHC test resultsIHC detection: (0~1+) 18 cases, (2+) 34 cases, (3+) 6 cases. FISH detection: (0~1+) 4 cases, (2+) 20 cases, (3+) 18 cases.Two groups (0~1+) (X2=10.010, P=0.002), (2+)（X2=4.972，P=0.026), (3+) (X2=6.818, P=0.009). The data show that there aredifferences in the detection results of the FISH detection method and the IHC detection method. (P>0.05)2.3 Analysis of the relationship between some prognostic factors of HER2gene amplification in breast cancerThe data showed that age, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis were not significant(P＞0.05), ER、PR andpolysomy of chromosome are prognostic factors associated with HER2 gene amplification in some breast cancers. (P＜0.05) .Table 1 shows that.Table 1 Analysis of the relationship between some prognostic factors of HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer[n,(%)]Volume 11 | Issue 3 - 243 -Groups cases - + χ2 PAge（years）<50≥504951262723240.243 0.622Histilogical gradeIIIIIIER-+97714334554591130432522150.1164.3910.7330.036PR-+3543113124125.853 0.016polysomy ofchromosome 17-+ 762445731174.160 0.041lymph nodemetastasisexistabsent5545262229230.226 0.6353. DiscussionHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 over-expression is closely related to the degree of cancer progression in moreepithelial cells. Tumors with high HER2 expression show strong metastatic ability and infiltration ability, are less sensitive tochemotherapy, and are extremely prone to recurrence. When the normal HER2 expression level is low, the expression level ishigh during embryonic development, which plays an important role in cytoplasmic proliferation, differentiation andmigration during development. Abnormalities of the HER2 gene have been found in breast, ovarian, and gastrointestinalcancers. In HER2 breast cancer, over-expression is generally detected by immunohistochemistry.[2] Gene mutations aredetected by gene sequencing.Gene amplification was detected by in situ fluorescence hybridization. Generally, the HER2gene is amplified at the DNA level, which is almost manifested in protein over-expression, which can be confirmed in breastcancer. Breast cancer HER2 gene amplification rate will reach 15% to 20%, overexpression will reach 15% to 20%.[3]FISH detection is an in situ fluorescence detection technology, that is, a specific labeled nucleic acid with a knownsequence is a process in which the probe hybridizes with the nucleic acid in the cell or tissue section, so as to accuratelyquantitatively locate the specific nucleic acid sequence. In situ fluorescence detection technology does not requireradioisotope labeling, and can simultaneously detect multiple sequences in the same sample through different labeledprobes.[4]In situ fluorescence detection techniques take direct and indirect labeling methods. The direct labeling methodmeans that fluorescein is directly covalently bound to the probe nucleotide or pentose phosphate backbone, or that fluoresceinAdvanced Emergency Medicine- 244 -nucleoside triphosphate is incorporated when the probe is labeled by the nick translation method. The indirect labelingmethod means that the DNA probes are labeled with biotin and detected with fluorescein or streptavidin after hybridization.At the same time, the avidin-biotin-fluorescein complex can also be used to amplify the fluorescent signal. FISH testing isused to examine chromosome 17 centromere and HER-2 gene amplification in breast cancer. FISH detection has highsensitivity and specificity, and is an effective clinical detection method.[5] IHC is an immunohistochemical assay. Since the1970s, immunohistochemistry has been used in pathological diagnosis, which has a great impact on tumor diagnosis andprognosis. At the same time, it also expands people's understanding of various diseases and tumor formation processes, andimproves the level of pathological diagnosis and research. The samples for immunohistochemistry are mainly frozen orparaffin-embedded tissues. The tissue was sliced into slices about 4μm thick and sealed before processing. Pathologicaldiagnosis means performing histological examination under the microscope after the tumor specimens removed by surgery orautopsy are fixed and stained to facilitate the diagnosis of the disease. [6] IHC immunohistochemistry is a common clinicaldetection method for HER-2 receptor protein. IHC is simple to operate and has low cost. However, in the detection process,protein fixation specimens and processing are very easy to be damaged, resulting in lower detection accuracy. FISH detectionhas good stability and repeatability, and can be clearly displayed by microscope, which can make up for the shortcomings ofIHC detection. This study analyzed the HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer and some prognostic factors of breastcancer. The result shows that, in the protein breast cancer, 0 is 8 cases of HER-2，(1+) is 11 cases of HER-2, (2+) is 49 casesof HER-2, (3+) is 32 cases of HER-2. The HER-2 gene was amplified in 49 cases, of which 23 cases showed red signals inclusters, and 26 cases showed red signals in dots. 51 cases of HER-2 gene were not amplified. There are differences in thedetection results of the FISH detection method and the IHC detection method. (P＞ 0.05). ER、 PR and polysomy ofchromosome are prognostic factors associated with HER2 gene amplification in some breast cancers. (P＜0.05) . For theprognostic factors of HER-2 gene amplification in breast cancer, it is believed that there is no relationship with age,histological grade, and lymph node metastasis, but there is a certain relationship with EP, PR and polysomy of chromosome17. Therefore, in order to ensure the outcome of patients, targeted measures should be taken according to the actualinfluencing factors.All in all, analysis of the HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer and targeted select FISH and IHC detection methodscan improve the detection accuracy and indirectly improve the treatment effect, which is worthy of clinical attention.References[1] Yuan, SC., Zhang,JZ., Chen, LH., Application value of FISH and IHC in detection of HER-2 gene amplification in breastcancer [J]. Shenzhen journal of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, 2021, 31(16):100-101.[2] Huang, B., Zhang, YC., Lin, JS., HER2 gene amplification based on microdroplet digital PCR for the study of TNMstaging of breast cancer[J]. Journal of Local Surgical Science, 2021, 30(09):784-787.[3] Zhao, TT., Zhang, XD., Relationship between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 gene amplification status andclinicopathological features in breast cancer patients[J]. Cancer Research and Clinic, 2020(02): 103-104-105-106.[4] Dong, Y., Mei, JH., Huang, XM., Analysis of HER-2 gene amplification difference and its relationship with clinicalprognosis in unilateral and bilateral primary breast cancer [J].The Practical Journal of Cancer, 2019, 34(11):1773-1775.[5] Yao, JC., Her-2 protein expression and HER-2 gene detection in breast cancer and its clinical significance[J]. ClinicalJournal of Chinese Medicine, 2018,10(21):82-85.[6] Zhou, GJ., Yang.Y., Zhao, ZL., HER2 Gene Amplification and Consistency of HER-2neu protein expression in breastcancer and its relationship with clinicopathological features[J]. The Practical Journal of Cancer, 2018, 33(05):728-731.Foundation: Xi’an City Innovation Ability Enhancement Basic Plan, Medical Research Project（21YXYJ0092）；Clinical Research Fund of Wu Jieping Medical Foundation（320.6750.2021-10-39）Clinical Research Center for Breast Diseases of Shaanxi Province (S2021-0-ZC-LCZX-0002)

Analysis of HER2 Gene Amplification and Certain Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer

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Analysis of HER2 Gene Amplification and Certain Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer

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