Treating Cartilage Injuries in Young Patients

Young people tend to suffer from cartilage injuries caused by extraneous trauma. There are many treatments for cartilage injuries. This article recommends treatments for different cartilage injuries targeted towards young patients. For young patients with mild or asymptomatic symptoms without cartilage displacement, this article recommends mandatory conservative treatment for young patients. Depending on the recovery condition of conservative treatment, the surgeon can subsequently plan for surgical treatment. Depending on lesion size, this article recommends the following operations. For lesions less than 1 cm2, arthroscopic debridement is recommended. For lesions between 1 and 4 cm2, MACI is recommended. For lesions larger than 4 cm2, OCA is recommended as a priority. If OCA is not feasible, OAT can be considered

Effect of FTY720 on the Tissue Microenvironments of Acute Spinal Cord Injury

Objectives: To observe the effect of FTY720 on the changes of tissue microenvironment after acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) in rats. Methods: A total of 168 female SD rats were randomly divided into A, B and C groups, with 56 rats in each group. In group A (Sham-operation group), only T9 laminectomy was performed without spinal cord injury, and 0.3 ml normal saline was given by gavage immediately after suture. Group B (control group) was given 0.3 ml normal saline by gavage, group C (treatment group) was given 0.3 ml FTY720 diluted in 3mg/kg normal saline by gavage. The rats were sacrificed at 6h, 12h, 24h, 72h, 7d and 21d after operation. The injured spinal cord (the corresponding part of group A) was taken for ultrathin section, and HE staining was used to observe the necrosis of the spinal cord, inflammatory cell infiltration, glial scar formation, and the size of the syringomyelia in each group. The ratio of syringomyelia area to spinal cord area was calculated 21 days after injury. SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: HE staining showed that the morphology of the spinal cord in group A was normal at each time point: At 12h to 48h after operation, progressive edema of the spinal cord and liquefaction necrosis of the injured central area were observed, accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration, mainly neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. At 12h and 72h after operation, the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in group B was significantly higher than that in group C (P<0.05). The degree of lymphocyte infiltration in group C was significantly lower than that in group B 12 hours after operation (P< 0.05). At 72 hours after operation, the central area of the injury had formed an unorganized structure cavity, and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated around the cavity, mainly microglia/monocytes. The number of glial scar cells in group B was significantly higher than that in group C (P < 0.05). The syringomyelia formed 21 days after operation. The syringomyelia ratio in group B was significantly higher than that in group C (P<0.05). Conclusions: FTY720 can significantly improve neurological function in rats after ASCI possibly by inhibiting the inflammatory response after spinal cord injury, thereby reducing the secondary injury of the spinal cord

Research Advance about Poor Response to Anti-VEGF in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) has become one of the main causes of vision damage in middle-aged and elderly people, Now, anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGF) therapy has achieved a milestone in the treatment of nAMD, However, in clinical practice, the phenomenon of poor or even non-response of anti-VEGF drugs is still found, even maximal anti-VEGF treatment to some patients. The research on poor response to anti-VEGF therapy is also a hot topic in recent years. This article gives a brief review on diagnostic factors, This article gives a brief review on diagnostic factors, pathogenesis, characteristics of lesions and drug factors for the poor response of anti-VEGF drugs to nAMD

Research progress of MicroRNA in podocytes autophagy in diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes, and is a kind of abnormal microangiopathy of kidney structure, function or clinical indicators caused by diabetes. Podocyte injury has been considered as a major contributor to the progression of diabetic nephropathy(DN). microRNA can participate in podocytes injury through autophagy.In this paper, the mechanism of microRNA involved in DN podocytes autophagy was reviewed to provide reference for the treatment of DN in the future

The Role of the Pro-Apoptotic Protein Bax in Colon Cancer

Bax is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family that plays a crucial role in the regulation of apoptosis. Bax can be activated by various stimuli and translocate to the mitochondria, where it induces cytochrome c release and caspase activation. Bax expression or activity can be altered in colon cancer cells, resulting in resistance to apoptosis and tumor progression. This article summarized the molecular mech-anisms of Bax activation and function in apoptosis, the alterations of Bax expression or activity in colon cancer cells, and the potential thera-peutic implications of targeting Bax or its regulators in colon cancer

Analysis of Metabolic Factors Associated with Hyperuricemia in Diabetes Mellitus

After the occurrence of diabetes in patients, with the increase of the course of disease and the increase of the age of patients, the incidence of other combined diseases in patients is also increasing. Diabetes combined with hyperuricemia is a common clinical disease, and 40% of patients with diabetes will develop hyperuricemia and other complications, which not only makes the treatment of the disease more difficult, but also increases the burden of the hospital. Therefore, to analyze the metabolic factors related to hyperfatemia, and to provide a reference for the clinical exploration of active and effective treatment

Comparative Study on the Costs of Treating Diabetic Foot, Necrotizing Fasciitis, and Stage IV Pressure Ulcers

Objective: To compare the total treatment costs for patients with diabetic foot with osteomyelitis, necrotizing fasciitis, and stage IV pressure ulcers in Dalian city, to explore the economic burden of diferent types of chronic wounds. Methods: Aretrospective analysis design was used, collecting data from 18 patients (6 of each wound type) from the electronic medical record system of a large hospital in Dalian. One-way ANOVAand Tukey’s HSD post-hoc tests were applied to compare the treatment costs of diferent wound types. Results: The treat-ment costs for the necrotizing fasciitis group were signifcantly higher than those for the stage IV pressure ulcer group, while the costs for the diabetic foot group did not show signifcant diferences from the other two groups. This fnding highlights the impact of chronic wound types on treatment costs and the importance of early intervention. Conclusion: The results provide data support for the optimized allocation of med-ical resources, especially in a context of limited resources. They emphasize the necessity of early identifcation and management of chronic wounds and provide a basis for establishing cost-efective treatment strategies

Effectiveness of Ultrasound-Guided Minimally Invasive Spinotomy in the Treatment of Multiple Small Benign Breast Nodules

Objective: To observe the efficacy of different surgical protocols in the management of multiple benign breast nodules. Methods: Patients diagnosed with multiple benign breast nodules from 2021.4 to 2023.2 were divided into two groups, blank and study groups, each with 51 cases, and treated with conventional open and ultrasound-guided minimally invasive rotational surgery respectively. Results: The study group had better incision diameter and VAS score at 24h postoperatively than the blank group, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Regarding the postoperative complication rate index, the study group vs. the blank group was 3.92% vs. 21.57% (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Minimally invasive spinotomy under ultrasound guidance for the treatment of patients with multiple breast nodules is safe and effective and has the potential to be used universally

Correlation Analysis of Agricultural Injuries and Quality of Life Among Rural Residents in Hainan Province

Objective To analyze the correlation between agricultural injuries and quality of life among rural residents in Hainan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for agricultural injury prevention in Hainan. Methods Using a multi-stage random sampling method, one city (county) was randomly selected in each of the five directions of Hainan: east, south, west, north and central. 1-2 towns (townships) were selected in each of the selected cities (counties), then 5-10 natural villages were selected in each town, and 20-30 households were randomly selected in each village (neighbourhood committee) to conduct a face-to-face survey of all permanent residents aged 15 or above in the selected households. Results In both the no agricultural injury group and the group with agricultural injury, there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in the six dimensions of Physical Functioning, Role-Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Social Functioning and Role-Emotional and in the total score between the two groups, all with the no agricultural injury group scoring higher than the agricultural injury group. The incidence of agricultural injuries showed an overall decreasing trend as the quality of life score increased (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of agricultural injuries among rural residents in Hainan is related to the quality of life, and relevant measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of agricultural injuries and improve the quality of life of rural residents in Hainan

Screening of Potential Hub Genes in Glioma Progression Based on Bioinformatics Analysis

Objectives: Glioma is the most common primary tumor of the central nervous system, and its therapeutic effect is not optimistic. In recent years, related therapeutic technologies have developed rapidly, but unfortunately, the improvement of clinical therapeutic effect is not satisfactory. In addition to conventional therapies, there are some attractive therapies, such as biological therapy (immunotherapy), gene therapy, etc[1]. Therefore, searching for potential target genes of glioma is of great significance for developing new therapeutic directions and designing new biomarkers[2]. Methods: Download gene expression data set, GSE137902 gelatin and GSE13790 matrix through NCBI-G to screen overlapping differential expression genes (DEGs). In order to identify central genes from these genes, we conducted protein protein interaction (PPI) network. To further explore the potential mechanism of central genes in glioma, we performed gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) analysis. Then get the intersection of key genes according to five algorithms of Closeness Degree EPC MCC Stress. The intersection is obtained through GSE117423, GSE188256 and GSE90598 in geo database, and finally verified through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 1274 differentially expressed genes are identified, and then 309 genes are obtained by intersection of the two. 16 Hub genes were obtained, and then the intersection of the two genes with GSE117423, GES188256 and GSE90598 genes was verified to obtain the key gene TIMP1 of glioma. Made the ROC curve of key gene.The intersection with hub gene was determined to identify TIMP1 as the key gene. Conclusion: The DEGs and Hub genes and signal pathways found in this study can confirm that the key gene TIMP1 is closely related to the occurrence and evolution of glioma, and provide candidate targets for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma