Elasto-plastic finite element analysis of reinforced concrete T-shaped column frame joint

By the integral finite element analysis of elasto-plastic constitutive relationship, the process of crack formation and development of the T-shaped frame joint in reinforced concrete and its stress distribution under monotonic and low-cycle repeated loading were studied . The nonlinear constitutive relation of concrete and the failure mechanism of T-shaped column joint were further discussed. The work of this paper provides a reference to the design and construction of T-shaped column joints.Peer Reviewe

Performance of supersonic steam ejectors considering the nonequilibrium condensation phenomenon for efficient energy utilisation

Supersonic ejectors are of great interest for various industries as they can improve the quality of the low-grade heat source in an eco-friendly and sustainable way. However, the impact of steam condensation on the supersonic ejector performances is not fully understood and is usually neglected by using the dry gas assumptions. The non-equilibrium condensation occurs during the expansion and mixing process and is tightly coupled with the high turbulence, oblique and expansion waves in supersonic flows. In this paper, we develop a wet steam model based on the computational fluid dynamics to understand the intricate feature of the steam condensation in the supersonic ejector. The numerical results show that the dry gas model exaggerates the expansion characteristics of the primary nozzle by 21.95%, which predicts the Mach number of 2.00 at the nozzle exit compared to 1.64 for the wet steam model. The dry gas model computes the static temperature lower to 196 K, whereas the wet steam model predicts the static temperature should above the triple point due to the phase change process. The liquid fraction can reach 7.2% of the total mass based on the prediction of the wet steam model. The performance analysis indicates that the dry gas model over-estimates a higher entrainment ratio by 11.71% than the wet steam model for the steam ejector

Tris[2-(pyrrol-2-ylmethyl­eneamino)eth­yl]amine

The title compound, C21H27N7, was synthesized by reaction of tris­(2-amino­ethyl)amine and pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde in ethanol at room temperature. The structure is stabilized by intra- and inter­molecular C—H⋯N and N—H⋯N hydrogen-bonding inter­actions

Adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment among pulmonary tuberculosis patients: a qualitative and quantitative study

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) patients have difficulty following a long-term treatment regimen. Efforts to improve treatment outcomes require better understanding of adherence as a complex behavioral issue and of the particular barriers to and facilitators of patient adherence. METHODS: This study was carried out in Jiangsu Province of China with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. For the quantitative study, 780 sputum-smear positive TB patients consecutively registered since 2006 in 13 counties (districts) were queried with a structured questionnaire. Patients who had missed 10% of their total prescribed doses of TB drugs were deemed as non-adherent. Risks for non-adherence were estimated by computing odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using a logistic regression model. We also invited 20 TB patients and 10 local health workers for in-depth interviews. We then used content analysis based on this qualitative study to explore factors associated with non-adherence. RESULTS: The proportion of non-adherence among 670 patients was 12.2%. Univariate analysis showed that patients, who were illiterate, divorced/widowed, lacked health insurance and were migrants, were more likely to be non-adherent. The crude ORs(95%CIs) were 2.38(1.37-4.13), 2.42(1.30-4.52), 1.89(1.07-3.32) and 1.98(1.03-3.83), respectively. The risk of non-adherence was lower among patients whose treatment was given under direct observation by village doctors or regular home visits by health workers, with ORs (95% CIs) of 0.19(0.10-0.36) and 0.23(0.10-0.51), respectively. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with non-adherence included illiteracy (OR: 2.42; 95% CI: 1.25-4.67) and direct observation by village doctors (OR: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.11-0.45). The in-depth interviews indicated that financial burdens and extra medical expenditures, adverse drug reactions, and social stigma were additional potential factors accounted for non-adherence. CONCLUSION: More importance should be given to treatment adherence under the current TB control program. Heavy financial burdens, lack of social support, adverse drug reactions and personal factors are associated with non-adherence. Direct observation and regular home visits by health workers appear to reduce the risk of non-adherence. More patient-centered interventions and greater attention to structural barriers are needed to improve treatment adherence

Performance of steam ejector with nonequilibrium condensation for multi-effect distillation with thermal vapour compression (MED-TVC) seawater desalination system

The single-phase and two-phase flow models are developed and compared for the performance evaluation of a steam ejector for the multi-effect distillation with thermal vapour compression (MED-TVC) seawater desalination system. The results show that a single-phase flow model with ignoring the phase change predicts an unphysical temperature of the steam in the supersonic flow with the minimum value of approximately 122 K, which raises the query of the formation of the ice. The two-phase wet steam model corrects the distribution of the flow parameter by predicting the heat and mass transfer during the phase change. The steam achieves the first nonequilibrium condensation process inside the primary nozzle and another four alternating condensation and re-evaporation processes. The single-phase flow model under-predicts the entropy loss coefficient by approximately 15% than the two-phase wet steam model. The performance comparison is achieved against the single-phase model to present the accuracy of the two-phase model for the steam ejector simulation. This demonstrates that the nonequilibrium condensation is essential for the performance analysis of steam ejectors for MED-TVC seawater desalination system

Optimisation study of a supersonic separator considering nonequilibrium condensation behaviour

The supersonic separation offers an opportunity for natural gas processing. The problem is that the phase change of water vapour in the supersonic flow is not fully understood in the presence of shock waves in a supersonic separator. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the supersonic separation with the phase change process and shock waves. The condensing flow model is developed to accurately predict the energy conversion within the supersonic separator. The computational results show that the single-phase flow model over-estimates the vapour expansions by 12.43% higher Mach number than the condensing flow model. The liquid fraction of 8.2% is predicted by the condensing flow model during the phase change process in supersonic separators. The supersonic separator is optimised via combining the diverging part of the supersonic nozzle and constant cyclonic separation tube as a long diverging part of the newly designed nozzle. The optimised supersonic separator reduces the energy loss by eliminating the oblique and expansion waves in the newly designed nozzle, which improves the energy efficiency for natural gas processing

By1510 @ HaSpeeDe 2: Identification of Hate Speech for Italian Language in Social Media Data

Hate speech detection has become a crucial mission in many fields. This paper introduces the system of team By1510. In this work, we participate in the HaSpeeDe 2 (Hate Speech Detection) shared task which is organized within Evalita 2020(The Final Workshop of the 7th evaluation campaign). In order to obtain more abundant semantic information, we combine the original output of BERT-Ita and the hidden state outputs of BERT-Ita. We take part in task A. Our model achieves an F1 score of 77.66% (6/27) in the tweets test set and our model achieves an F1 score of 66.38% (14/27) in the news headlines test set.L’individuazione dell’incitamento all’odio è diventata una missione cruciale in molti campi. Questo articolo introduce il sistema del team By1510. In questo lavoro, partecipiamo al task HaSpeeDe 2 che è stato organizzato all’interno di Evalita 2020. Per ottenere informazioni semantiche più abbondanti abbiamo combinato l’output originale di BERT Ita e gli output di hidden state di BERT Ita. Il sistema presentato partecipa al task A. Il nostro modello ottiene un punteggio F1 di 77.66% (6/27) sui dati di test da Twitter e un punteggio F1 di 66.38% (14/27) sui dati di test contenenti titoli di quotidiano

Effects of Heat Input on Weld Microstructure and Properties in Keyhole TIG Welding of Invar 36 Alloy

Funding Information: This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51805315), Zhejiang Key Project of Research and Development Plan (2019C01114 and 2021C01085), Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Fund (BA2020068). Funding Information: J.P.O. acknowledges funding by national funds from FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., in the scope of the projects LA/P/0037/2020, UIDP/50025/2020 and UIDB/50025/2020 of the Associate Laboratory Institute of Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication—i3N. J.S. acknowledges the China Scholarship Council for funding the Ph.D. grant (CSC NO. 201808320394). The authors acknowledge DESY (Hamburg, Germany), a member of the Helmholtz Association HGF, for the provision of experimental facilities. Beamtime was allocated for proposal I-20210899 EC. The research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under the Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.The Invar alloy is widely used for aircraft wing mould manufacturing. In this work, keyhole-tungsten inert gas (K-TIG) butt welding was used to join 10 mm thick Invar 36 alloy plates. The effect of heat input on the microstructure, morphology and mechanical properties was studied by using scanning electron microscopy, high energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction, microhardness mapping, tensile and impact testing. It was shown that regardless of the selected heat input, the material was solely composed of austenite, although the grain size changed significantly. The change in heat input also led to texture changes in the fusion zone, as qualitatively determined with synchrotron radiation. With increases in heat input, the impact properties of the welded joints decreased. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the joints was measured, which demonstrated that the current process is suitable for aerospace applications.publishersversionpublishe