154 research outputs found
Relation between fundamental estimation limit and stability in linear quantum systems with imperfect measurement
From the noncommutative nature of quantum mechanics, estimation of canonical
observables and is essentially restricted in its
performance by the Heisenberg uncertainty relation, \mean{\Delta
\hat{q}^2}\mean{\Delta \hat{p}^2}\geq \hbar^2/4. This fundamental lower-bound
may become bigger when taking the structure and quality of a specific
measurement apparatus into account. In this paper, we consider a particle
subjected to a linear dynamics that is continuously monitored with efficiency
. It is then clarified that the above Heisenberg uncertainty
relation is replaced by \mean{\Delta \hat{q}^2}\mean{\Delta \hat{p}^2}\geq
\hbar^2/4\eta if the monitored system is unstable, while there exists a stable
quantum system for which the Heisenberg limit is reached.Comment: 4 page
On Proving Soundness of the Computationally Equivalent Transformation for Normal Conditional Term Rewriting Systems by Using Unravelings
In this paper, we show that the SR transformation, a computationally equivalent transformation proposed by Serbanuta and Rosu, is sound for weakly left-linear normal conditional term rewriting systems (CTRS). Here, soundness for a CTRS means that reduction of the transformed unconditional term rewriting system (TRS) creates no undesired reduction for the CTRS. We first show that every reduction sequence of the transformed TRS starting with a term corresponding to the one considered on the CTRS is simulated by the reduction of the TRS obtained by the simultaneous unraveling. Then, we use the fact that the unraveling is sound for weakly left-linear normal CTRSs
Relationship between plasma homocysteine concentration and urinary markers of tubulointerstitial injury
An Interface-Circuit Synthesis Method with Configurable Processor Core in IP-Based SoC Designs
Cellular densityâdependent increases in HIFâ1α compete with câMyc to downâregulate human EP4 receptor promoter activity through Spâ1âbinding region
The upâregulated expression of Eâtype prostanoid (EP) 4 receptors has been implicated in carcinogenesis; however, the expression of EP4 receptors has also been reported to be weaker in tumor tissues than in normal tissues. Indeed, EP4 receptors have been suggested to play a role in the maintenance of colorectal homeostasis. This study aimed to examine the underlying mechanisms/reasons for why inconsistent findings have been reported regarding EP4 receptor expression levels in homeostasis and carcinogenesis by focusing on cellular densities. Thus, the human colon cancer HCAâ7 cells, which retain some functional features of normal epithelia, and luciferase reporter genes containing wildâtype or mutated EP4 receptor promoters were used for elucidating the cellular densityâdependent mechanisms about the regulation of EP4 receptor expression. In silico analysis was also utilized for confirming the relevance of the findings with respect to colon cancer development. We here demonstrated that the expression of EP4 receptors was upâregulated by câMyc by binding to Spâ1 under low cellular density conditions, but was downâregulated under high cellular density conditions via the increase in the expression levels of HIFâ1α protein, which may pull out câMyc and Spâ1 from DNAâbinding. The tightly regulated EP4 receptor expression mechanism may be a critical system for maintaining homeostasis in normal colorectal epithelial cells. Therefore, once the system is altered, possibly due to the transient overexpression of EP4 receptors, it may result in aberrant cellular proliferation and transformation to cancerous phenotypes. However, at the point, EP4 receptors themselves and their mediated homeostasis would be no longer required
Microstructural Analysis of Superconducting Joint Fabricated Using CJMB Between Gd123-coated Conductors
A superconducting joint between two Gd123-coated conductors was successfully formed using crystal growth in the bulk (CJMB). An intermediate Yb123 layer was used at the junction, and was melted to form a joint by heat treatment at a temperature below the melting point of the RE123 (such as Gd123) in the coated conductor. This liquid-phase bonding results in high tensile strength, which has exceeded 100 MPa in previous studies. Nevertheless, the joint principle has not been sufficiently clarified. In this study, we performed microstructural analysis of the joint using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to form a clearer understanding of the joint formation mechanism in order to achieve a high critical current in the junction
Fabrication of 16-main-core RE123 split wire using inner split method
For application to ultrahigh-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (e.g., 30 T), we have started to develop a REBa2Cu3O7-ÎŽ (RE123, RE: rare earth) multi-core coated conductor in which the ceramic layers (RE123 and buffer layers) are electrically separated to create multiple filaments. This method is called electrical separation by inner splitting, and the wire is called a split wire. The multi-core structure is fabricated using electrical separation by a phase stress, which utilizes the difference in toughness between ceramics and metal, such as partial V-bending by stress along the longitudinal direction of the coated conductor using a commercially available single-core RE123 coated conductor. In addition, about 10 narrow cores (width: 5-15 ÎŒm) can be formed by one bending. These cores are called subcores. The wire is composed of main cores and subcores. In this study, a 4 mm wide multifilamentary RE123 split wire with 16 main cores and 150 subcores was fabricated and evaluated. The manufacturing method, microstructure, and critical current properties under an external magnetic field and tension are presented
Highly Fluorescent Macrophages in Colonic Mucosa Under Autofluorescence Imaging Endoscopy: A Brief Case Report
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