ALS mutations in the TIA-1 prion-like domain trigger highly condensed pathogenic structures

筋萎縮性側索硬化症（ALS）の発症機構の一端を解明 --タンパク質の高密度な凝縮構造が鍵--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-09-13.T cell intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1) plays a central role in stress granule (SG) formation by self-assembly via the prion-like domain (PLD). In the TIA-1 PLD, amino acid mutations associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or Welander distal myopathy (WDM), have been identified. However, how these mutations affect PLD self-assembly properties has remained elusive. In this study, we uncovered the implicit pathogenic structures caused by the mutations. NMR analysis indicated that the dynamic structures of the PLD are synergistically determined by the physicochemical properties of amino acids in units of five residues. Molecular dynamics simulations and three-dimensional electron crystallography, together with biochemical assays, revealed that the WDM mutation E384K attenuated the sticky properties, whereas the ALS mutations P362L and A381T enhanced the self-assembly by inducing β-sheet interactions and highly condensed assembly, respectively. These results suggest that the P362L and A381T mutations increase the likelihood of irreversible amyloid fibrillization after phase-separated droplet formation, and this process may lead to pathogenicity

リンショウ シンリシ ノ シカク オ ユウスル キョウシ ノ ゲンジョウ ト カダイ (I) : キョウシ エノ シツモンシ チョウサ オ トオシテ

The field survey, named as Survey I, was conducted at schools of all three levels as well as specialneeds schools in order to analyze present situations. These studies were carried out to investigate the present situation and issues about the teachers qualified as clinical psychologists who finished the Graduate School of Naruto Univesity of Education.The questionnaire was focused on teachres\u27 works, worries, worthwhile activities among school management and their shifts of minds and benefits after acquiring their qualification as a clinical psychologist. Questionnaires were given to 34 teachers, at schools of all three levels, and special-needs schools and 21 answers were received. (response rate of 62%). The results from the survey were as follows:(1) 76% of the respondents were aged over 40, (2) most of them work as "an educational consultant" (42%) and "a coordinator for special supportive education" (32%), (3) 84% of schools have a guidance or counseling room at their own schools, (4) most of their activities as clinical psychologists are counseling and community psychological supports for schools and their local communities, on the other hand, psychological assessments and research activities were not often conducted as a part of their works, (5) the limitation of their working hours and their positions on the brink between a clinical psychologist and a student\u27s consultant at school are their major concerns, (6) the worthwhile activities in their works were to make their students or their parents change their feelings by their approach, (7) their shifts of minds can be found inthe way of having relationship with students and their parents using clinical psychological approach

短大幼稚園教員養成における実践力育成（2） : 学生及び幼稚園管理職者への質問紙調査結果から

The purpose of this research was to search for the way to improve the curriculum for the junior college students to have the practicing abilities for the kindergarten teacher and the nursery teacher. Two studies were conducted. One was a questionnaire investigation executed for the college students who attended the class "practicum in the teaching profession". The other was a questionnaire and interview investigation done for the executive job of the kindergarten; it was consisted of the question items concerning the problem of teachers’ abilities at the first few years, the ability formation requested for child care workers, and the matter requested for the training organizations. The following was shown from the first research. It was a problem to promote the practice power of the children’s expression activities. The factors obtained as the effects of the class were the formation of the ability of the child care including the human nature, the formation of the ability to take care of the group, and the interpersonal relationship ability. It was shown that practicing course content had brought basic power and confidence as the child care worker. The second research showed that the ability formation at the first few years was a key, and cultivating the base of the ability formation of“ reflection” in the teacher training was important. Moreover, the ability to understand child’s developing process, the ability to make teaching plan, and the skill of piano and expression were pointed out as an expectation for the university more than before

短大幼稚園教員養成における実践力育成 : 予備調査結果から

The purpose of the entire this research is to clarify the problem of the curriculum at the teacher training course in the junior college, and to develop the curriculum with making evaluation system about the curriculum. As a first step for that, this preliminary investigation was done to comparing the junior college student’s self-evaluation with the university student. The questionnaire investigation was executed before and after the class. It was shown that the university student was more intrinsic interested and more positive coping with their own problem. Also, it was shown the college student needed more practicing contents. The improved syllabus of “Practicum in the Teaching Profession” was presented based on this research results

キョウシ ト ホゴシャ トノ レンケイ ニ カンスル ガッコウ リンショウ シンリガクテキ コウサツ : イワユル モンスター ペアレント トノ タイオウ

This paper examined merits and demerits of naming parents who claim unreasonable things “monster?parents” ased on real cases. And, it described the movement of the educational world about “monster?parent” around 2007, based on newspaper articles and response?manuals made by school boards. Finally, it discussed how eachers should react the situation that it is difficult to have good relation with parents from the viewpoint of School Clinical Psychology

ニュウヨウジ トノ ジョウドウ チョウリツ ニヨル カンジュセイ クンレン ノ コウカ : シンリ リョウホウカ オ メザス ダイガクインセイ オ タイショウ ニ

Training institutes, including graduate schools for clinical psychology have been producing qualified and skilled clinical psychologists in society. In order to become good clinical psychologists, the candidates need to have not only knowledge and skills in the subject area but should also have personal characteristics such as sensitivity, empathy, and introspection. In this study a sensitivity training program, which focused on emotional attunement to infants and children, was developed and its effectiveness was investigated using three questionnaires : the perceived coding ability scale, the interpersonal sensitivity measure, and the non-verbal sensitivity scale. Out of 60 graduate students, 18 participated in this program once a week at a nursery school for a period of 5 months. The results showed that the scores of the perceived coding ability scale were significantly increased for students who participated in this program but there was no difference in the scores of the other two scales. The results also showed that there were significant differences between the scores of students who participated in the program and those who did not, with respect to the perceived coding ability and interpersonal sensitivity scales. Students who participated in this program showed higher sensitivity scores even before participating in this program. Therefore, we concluded that the program needs to focus more on emotional attunement and the selection process must change such that all students participate in this program

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Relatório de estágio em farmácia comunitária

Relatório de estágio realizado no âmbito do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, apresentado à Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Coimbr