Pulsar Timing Response to Gravitational Waves from a Massive Compact Source

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are searching for nanohertz-frequency gravitational waves (GWs) through cross-correlation of pulse arrival times from a set of radio pulsars. PTAs have relied upon a frequency-shift formula of the pulse, where planar GWs are usually assumed. Phase corrections due to the wavefront curvature have been recently discussed. In this paper, we derive a frequency-shift formula for GWs from a compact source such as a binary of supermassive black holes, where the differences in the GW amplitude and direction between the Earth and the pulsar are examined in the quadrupole approximation. By using the new formula, effects beyond the plane-wave approximation are discussed and nearby relevant GW source candidates are also mentioned.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to ApJ

Surface MIMO: Using Conductive Surfaces For MIMO Between Small Devices

As connected devices continue to decrease in size, we explore the idea of leveraging everyday surfaces such as tabletops and walls to augment the wireless capabilities of devices. Specifically, we introduce Surface MIMO, a technique that enables MIMO communication between small devices via surfaces coated with conductive paint or covered with conductive cloth. These surfaces act as an additional spatial path that enables MIMO capabilities without increasing the physical size of the devices themselves. We provide an extensive characterization of these surfaces that reveal their effect on the propagation of EM waves. Our evaluation shows that we can enable additional spatial streams using the conductive surface and achieve average throughput gains of 2.6-3x for small devices. Finally, we also leverage the wideband characteristics of these conductive surfaces to demonstrate the first Gbps surface communication system that can directly transfer bits through the surface at up to 1.3 Gbps.Comment: MobiCom '1

A Case Study of the Formation Process of Views of Teaching in Physical Education among Students at a Teacher Training College in Cambodia: Focus on educational experiences and curriculum for provincial teacher training college

This study aimed to shed light on the process by which views of teaching in physical education are formed in Cambodian students at the Provincial Teacher Training College (PTTC) from their years before admission to classroom experiences at a teacher training college. Twelve PTTC students were interviewed and the resulting transcripts were reviewed using qualitative analysis. Consequently, four key findings were summarized. First, PTTC students were influenced by school sports and sports activities to form their views of teaching in physical education. Second, in teaching practice, PTTC students’ views of teaching in physical education were formed as they surveyed the condition of children during class and appreciated their pedagogical roles through their exercises. Third, PTTC students’ views of the formation process of teaching physical education were affected by the timing of the class of teaching practice. Finally, first-year students’ view of teaching physical education was partially formed by their relationships with second-year upperclassmen

Current Situation and Issues in Physical Education Teaching Methods at Provincial Teacher Training Colleges in Cambodia: Case Studies of Sihanoukville and Kampot Provinces

This study focused on clarifying the current situation and problems physical education teaching methods at provincial teacher training colleges (PTTC) in Cambodia. Three tasks were set to achieve the study aims: i.e., (1) to characterize the syllabus for physical education teaching methods in the PTTC curriculum; (2) to identify commonalities between this syllabus and the Cambodian National Curriculum of Physical, Health and Sport Education for Primary School 2006‒2007 and determine whether the syllabus was in accordance with the National Curriculum; and (3) to clarify the current situation and issues in physical education teaching methods in Cambodia by observing PTTC classes using these methods and by interviewing the involved people. The physical education teaching methods in the Cambodian PTTC curriculum were structured systematically and systemically, and well in accordance with the Cambodian National Curriculum. In addition, the PTTC classes were conducted in accordance with the syllabus of physical education teaching methods in the PTTC curriculum. Our future challenges are: (1) to clarify which department of the Cambodian Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport should take the initiative to revise the PTTC curriculum; (2) to help revise the syllabus based on an accurate determination of the current PTTC situation; and (3) to determine whether PTTC graduates can properly teach physical education classes using a follow-up survey.本研究の一部は，JSPS科研費JP17K13122の助成を受けて実施された

光応答性PEG脂質を用いた一細胞配置・操作技術の開発

学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : (主査)東京大学教授 長棟 輝行, 東京大学教授 藤井 輝夫, 東京大学准教授 一木 隆範, 東京大学准教授 金野 智浩, 東京大学教授 竹内 昌治, 東京大学講師 山口 哲志University of Tokyo(東京大学

Exploratory Study on the Conditions of Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers Returning to Japan Following the Spread of COVID-19: Through Interviews for Volunteers in the Field of Physical Education

In 2020, COVID-19 has raged around the world, having a significant impact on international volunteers working in various developing countries. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) decided to send the Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers (JOCV), who had been dispatched to various countries, back to Japan in March 2020 as an emergency measure. The present situation and the sentiments of the JOCV will not only help their activities after the resumption of deployment but also contribute to the improvement of the JICA’s support system for JOCV in future emergency situations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the circumstances and feelings of JOCV who had to return to Japan due to the emergency of COVID-19, using the case of JOCV in the field of physical education (PE volunteers), and to discuss the characteristics of JOCV and the volunteer support system of the JICA in emergency situations. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five PE volunteers, and the interview data were analyzed using Steps for Coding and Theorization (SCAT). As a result, the following three points were suggested: (1) many JOCV regret that they were not able to say goodbye to the people in their assignments, (2) many JOCV have a desire to help those in need and are curious, and (3) a system must be built that allows JOCV to maintain a relationship with their assignments even in Japan

Structured triacylglycerol containing behenic and oleic acids suppresses triacylglycerol absorption and prevents obesity in rats

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dietary 1(3)-behenoyl-2,3(1)-dioleoyl-<it>rac</it>-glycerol (BOO) has been reported to inhibit pancreatic lipase activity <it>in vitro </it>and suppress postprandial hypertriacylglycerolemia in humans. In the present study, the anti-obesity activities of BOO and its inhibitory effects on lymphatic triacylglycerol (TAG) absorption were investigated in rats.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In Experiment 1, rats were fed either BOO or soybean oil (SO) diet for 6 weeks. In the BOO diet, 20% of SO was replaced with an experimental oil rich in BOO. In Experiments 2 and 3, rats cannulated in the thoracic duct were administered an emulsions containing trioleoylglycerol (OOO) or an oil mixture (OOO:BOO, 9:1). Tri[1-¹⁴C]oleoylglycerol (¹⁴C-OOO) was added to the emulsions administered in Experiment 3.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>No observable differences were detected in food intake or body weight gain between the BOO and SO groups in Experiment 1. Plasma and liver TAG concentrations and visceral fat weights were significantly lower in the BOO group than in the SO group. The apparent absorption rate of fat was significantly lower in the BOO group than in the SO group. In Experiment 2, the lymphatic recovery of oleic and behenic acids was significantly lower at 5 and 6 h after BOO administration than after OOO administration. In Experiment 3, the lymphatic recovery of ¹⁴C-OOO was significantly lower at 5 and 6 h after BOO administration than after OOO administration.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest that BOO prevents deposition of visceral fat and hepatic TAG by lowering and delaying intestinal absorption of TAG.</p

The role of experiments in understanding fishery-induced evolution

Evidence of fishery-induced evolution has been accumulating rapidly from various avenues of investigation. Here we review the knowledge gained from experimental approaches. The strength of experiments is in their ability to disentangle genetic from environmental differences. Common garden experiments have provided direct evidence of adaptive divergence in the wild and therefore the evolvability of various traits that influence production in numerous species. Most of these cases involve countergradient variation in physiological, life history, and behavioral traits. Selection experiments have provided examples of rapid life history evolution and, more importantly, that fishery-induced selection pressures cause simultaneous divergence of not one but a cluster of genetically and phenotypically correlated traits that include physiology, behavior, reproduction, and other life history characters. The drawbacks of experiments are uncertainties in the scale-up from small, simple environments to larger and more complex systems; the concern that taxons with short life cycles used for experimental research are atypical of those of harvested species; and the difficulty of adequately simulating selection due to fishing. Despite these limitations, experiments have contributed greatly to our understanding of fishery-induced evolution on both empirical and theoretical levels. Future advances will depend on integrating knowledge from experiments with those from modeling, field studies, and molecular genetic approaches

Necessidades da reidratação para a saúde do trabalhador: uma revisão sistemática

Introdução: na realização de um trabalho físico a perda líquida pode ser maior que sua ingestão, podendo provocando uma desidratação e afetar significativamente a produtividade, segurança e saúde do trabalhador. Objetivo: foi apresentar evidências científicas sobre as necessidades da reidratação para a saúde do trabalhador. Materiais e Métodos: trata-se de estudo de revisão sistemática, descrita segundo as recomendações PRISMA. A escolha dos termos-chaves aconteceu através do Desc e do MeSH. Em seguida realizaram-se filtros nas principais bases de dados: Scielo, Pubmed, e no site de busca Scholar Google, por haver diversos artigos que não estão indexadas nas bases supracitadas. Os termos foram inseridos nos sites de buscas, separados pelos operadores booleanos “And†e “Orâ€. Resultados: foram contemplados após os critérios de elegibilidade 15 estudos para coleta de evidências científicas. Conclusão: conclui-se que há evidências científicas literatura que confirmam as necessidades da reidratação para a saúde do trabalhador. ABSTRACTRehydration needs for worker health: a systematic reviewIntroduction: during physical work, the net loss may be greater than your intake, causing dehydration and can significantly affect productivity, safety and occupational health. Objective: was present scientific evidence on the rehydration needs for health work. Materials and Methods: it is a systematic review, described according to the PRISMA recommendations. The choice of key terms happened through the Desc and MeSH. Then took place filters in major databases: Scielo, PubMed, and Google Scholar search engine, because there many items that are not indexed in the above bases. The terms were entered in the search sites, separated by Boolean operators "And" and "Or". Results: were awarded after the eligibility criteria 15 studies to collect scientific evidence. Conclusion: it is concluded that there is literature scientific evidence confirming the needs of rehydration to worker health