64 research outputs found
A Novel CPW Fed MIMO Antenna for UWB Applications
This paper presents two planar antennas designed from a compact novel CPW fed UWB antenna. The first antenna is single UWB antenna. The single UWB antenna covers the entire UWB frequency band. Single antenna operates in 2.8 GHz to 12.6 GHz. The second antenna is MIMO antenna which is made with orthogonal placement of two UWB antennas and MIMO antennas covers the entire UWB frequency band. The MIMO antenna with orthogonal placement of antennas operates in 2.9 GHz to 12.7 GHz band. The designed single antenna has dimensions of 27 X 34 X 1.6 mm3 and MIMO antennas have volume of 61 X 34 X 1.6 mm3 for orthogonal placement. Antenna has satisfactory performance in terms gain, radiation pattern, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio, envelope correlation coefficient and diversity gain for UWB MIMO application
Foetal kidney length as a parameter for determination of gestational age in pregnancy by ultrasonography
Background: Establishing the gestational age of the fetus, especially in late trimester is a challenge to aptly treat the pregnant woman. Ultrasound parameters like BPD, HC, AC and FL in second and third trimesters are not very reliable for dating the pregnancy. Fetal kidney length has been studied and shown to strongly correlate with the gestational age in late trimesters even in IUGR fetuses.Methods: This cross section hospital based study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, P.B.M. and Associated Group of Hospitals, attached to Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner during study period of one year from 2015 to 2016. 100 pregnant women with known dates of different parity and ages were included in this study.Results: According to the observations, the mean deviation from the gestational age at all the weeks is least for KL. The result indicates that the kidney length in the present study correlated well with the assigned gestational age and found almost same as all the ultrasound biometric parameters put together.Conclusions: Kidney length can be used as an individual parameter in estimating gestational age, especially in later trimesters, where biometric indices may not be much reliable
Consequences of Maternal Complications in Women's Lives in the First Postpartum Year: A Prospective Cohort Study
Maternal complications are common during and following childbirth.
However, little information is available on the psychological, social
and economic consequences of maternal complications on women's lives,
especially in a rural setting. A prospective cohort study was conducted
in southern Rajasthan, India, among rural women who had a severe or
less-severe, or no complication at the time of delivery or in the
immediate postpartum period. In total, 1,542 women, representing 93% of
all women who delivered in the field area over a 15-month period and
were examined in the first week postpartum by nurse-midwives, were
followed up to 12 months to record maternal and child survival. Of
them, a subset of 430 women was followed up at 6-8 weeks and 12 months
to capture data on the physical, psychological, social, or economic
consequences. Women with severe maternal complications around the time
of delivery and in the immediate postpartum period experienced an
increased risk of mortality and morbidity in the first postpartum year:
2.8% of the women with severe complications died within one year
compared to none with uncomplicated delivery. Women with severe
complications also had higher rates of perinatal mortality [adjusted
odds ratio (AOR)=3.98, confidence interval (CI) 1.96-8.1, p=0.000] and
mortality of babies aged eight days to 12 months (AOR=3.14, CI
1.4-7.06, p=0.004). Compared to women in the uncomplicated group, women
with severe complications were at a higher risk of depression at eight
weeks and 12 months with perceived physical symptoms, had a greater
difficulty in completing daily household work, and had important
financial repercussions. The results suggest that women with severe
complications at the time of delivery need to be provided regular
follow-up services for their physical and psychological problems till
about 12 months after childbirth. They also might benefit from
financial support during several months in the postpartum period to
prevent severe economic consequences. Further research is needed to
identify an effective package of services for women in the first year
after delivery
Treatment of Pseudo Class III Malocclusion with Multiple Loop Protraction Utility Arch
Pseudo Class III malocclusion has been characterized by an anterior crossbite in the presence of a forward mandibular displacement. There are various methods to correct pseudo Class III malocclusion, e.g., Inclined planes, reverse stainless steel crown, bonded composite resin slopes, tongue blade, the removable appliance with auxiliary springs, and maxillary lingual arch with finger springs. In this article, we are presenting a case of pseudo Class III malocclusion treated with multiple loop protraction utility arch. Patient had functional mandibular anterior deviation resulting into traumatic anterior cross bite and concave profile. We fabricated multiple loop arch wire (0.016”×0.022” blue elgiloy) which was activated at four 90° bends without disturbing other segments of the arch
Implementation of Hybrid and Secured Solar Street Light System using Arduino
Nowadays solar driven street light are widely used and this trend will be continued. As the solar panels and batteries are costly therefore they are more vulnerable to theft. Accumulation of dirt or particles like dust, sand and moss on the surface of solar photovoltaic panel obstruct the light energy from reaching the solar cells thereby reducing the efficiency of the system. Production of solar energy is low in rainy days. When the street light gets fuse there is no maintenance for many months. To overcome these problems faced by solar street lights, we are proposing use of a hybrid solar street light system with security and maintenance. The system consists of magnetic door contact switch to detect the displacement of solar panel and battery, light dependent resistors to check whether the light is fuse or not. Wipers are used to clear the dust on solar panels. Arduino Uno is used to process the data from the sensors and GSM module is used to provide information to the concerned authority. The system is able to switch to electricity when the batteries are not able to charge
Advances in Solid Dispersion Techniques for Enhancing Drug Solubility, Bioavailability and Controlled Release
Solid dispersion (SD) refers to the dispersion of
active ingredients, whether one or more, within inert
carriers in a solid state. This is achieved through methods
like fusion, solvent, or solvent fusion. The solid dispersion
technique is particularly valuable for enhancing the
solubility of inadequately soluble drugs, particularly
those falling under BCS Class II. This technique involves
the utilization of carriers such as polyethylene glycol 4000,
urea, and polyvinylpyrrolidone K 30 to improve the
drug's solubility and dissolution properties. The method
of solid dispersion has been utilized to improve the
solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability of various
natural drug components. Furthermore, solid dispersion
has been investigated as a strategy for developing natural
drug products with controlled or sustained release
characteristics. The mechanism of action of this delivery
system relies on the specific type of solid dispersion, as
well as the interactions among the drugs, carriers, and
other components incorporated into the formulation.
Currently, there are various methods accessible for
characterizing SDs, including X-ray diffraction,
differential scanning calorimetry, FTIR spectroscopy,
and dissolution testing, among others.
The pharmaceutical uses of the Solid Dispersion
technique encompass: augmenting drug absorption,
achieving a uniform distribution of a small drug quantity
in a solid state, and safeguarding unstable drugs by
mitigating processes like hydrolysis, oxidation, and
photooxidation
Effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as an Adjunct to Nonsurgical Treatment of Deep Periodontal Pockets: A Clinical Study
Introduction: Deep periodontal pockets pose a great challenge for nonsurgical periodontal treatment. Scaling and root planing (SRP) alone may not suffice in cases where surgical therapy cannot be undertaken. Various recent studies have suggested the use of antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) for the management of periodontal infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of using aPDT along with SRP, compared to SRP alone for the management of deep periodontal pockets.Methods: Thirty patients with chronic periodontitis, who met the criteria of having periodontal pockets with depth ≥ 6 mm and bleeding on probing (BOP) in at least 2 different quadrants were included. After SRP, one quadrant was randomly selected for aPDT (test), while another served as control. Clinical parameters i.e. plaque index (PI), modified sulcular bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured at baseline, 1 month and 3 months post-treatment intervals.Results: All clinical parameters significantly improved in both groups after 1 and 3 months. At 1-month interval, inter-group difference in mean change was statistically significant (P < 0.05) in terms of mSBI (0.85 ± 0.41in test vs 0.54 ± 0.47 in control group) and PD (1.77±0.86 in test vs 1.3 ± 0.95 in control group). At 3 months interval, no statistically significant difference was observed between test and control groups except in terms of mSBI (0.97 ± 0.45 in test vs 0.73 ± 0.42 in control group).Conclusion: aPDT appears to play an additional role in reduction of gingival inflammation when used along with nonsurgical mechanical debridement of deep periodontal pockets
Is There Any Relation Between High-Grade Prostate Cancer and Central Obesity, Hyperinsulinemia and Dyslipidemia?
Background: Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the sixth leading cause of cancer death in men, worldwide. Incidence of prostate cancer in India is on the rise. Most studies suggest that obesity has a positive correlation with a higher risk of developing high-grade PCa and dying of PCa. Central obesity and related biochemical alterations in terms of hyperinsulinemia and dyslipidemia are associated with severity of prostate cancer in terms of high Gleason score. Materials & Methods: Central obesity was assessed using anthropometric measurements including waist hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI). Serum PSA, testosterone, and insulin levels were estimated. Serum levels of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were also measured. Standard staging procedures were followed and for histopathological evaluation of PCa, Gleason grading was done on core biopsy tissue. Results: In the present population-based study, persons with high Gleason score had significantly higher WHR supporting that central obesity may predispose to high-grade prostate cancer. Study has shown a significant relationship between high Gleason score and cholesterol, TG, VLDL, and low HDL levels; however no significant relation was found with LDL levels. Testosterone is a key prostate growth factor although PCa presents at an age when testosterone levels are declining. Conclusion: In this study, there was no significant difference in testosterone levels in patients with high and low Gleason scores. Keywords: Prostate, Cancer, High grade, Low grad
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