Manganese-Promoted Fe3O4 Microsphere for Efficient Conversion of CO2 to Light Olefins

In this work, manganese well-dispersed on Fe3O4 microsphere (Mn-Fe3O4) catalyst was synthesized. It exhibited excellent catalytic performance for the direct conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into light olefins. A CO2 conversion of 44.7% with high selectivity of light olefin (46.2%, yield of 18.7%), high O/P ratio (6.5), and low selectivity of CO (9.4%) was obtained over the 10Mn-Fe3O4 catalyst. The Mn-Fe3O4 catalyst was studied by XRD, SEM, (HR)TEM, STEM-EDS, H-2-TPR, and CO2-TPD. The result indicated that the manganese promoter could facilitate the adsorption of CO2 and the activation of C=O bonds as well as inhibit the secondary hydrogenation. This work offered a novel Fe-based catalyst system to the utilization of CO2 and an understanding in promoting C=O bond activation in the first step of CO2 hydrogenation to hydrocarbon reaction

Comparison between gold nanoparticles and FITC as the labelling in lateral flow immunoassays for rapid detection of Ralstonia solanacearum

Early prevention and monitoring of Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs) on nightshade is extremely critical for potent prevention and treatment of bacterial wilt disease. We developed two kinds of lateral flow immunochromatographic strip (LFICS) using gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) for rapid diagnosis of plant bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs), which both were based on double antibody sandwich method. Three monoclonal antibodies (McAb) highly specific to Rs were obtained by cell fusion and screening after four times of immunization with the strain GIM 1.76. Under optimized conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) with GNPs and FITC were 104 colony forming units per millilitre (CFU/mL) and 106 CFU/mL respectively, then the range detection correspondingly were 104–109 CFU/mL and 106–109 CFU/mL. On top of that, the developed immunoassay could be used for spot and point-of-care testing Rs on tomato seed, ginger seed, casuarina seed and display no cross-reaction with 43 other phytopathogenic strains that also could infect plants so as to cause plants diseases. These results demonstrated that we sucessfully developed two simple, effective and sensitive strips for monitoring bacterial wilt infection. Meanwhile, this is the first report about LFICS labelled by FITC for rapid detection of Rs, and it is the first time conformed that the sensitive of the LFICS with GNPs is significantly higher than FITC

Early life gut microbiota sustains liver-resident natural killer cells maturation via the butyrate-IL-18 axis

Liver-resident natural killer cells develop locally and have multiple immunological roles in situ. Here the authors investigate the gut-liver axis and show the impact of the intestinal microbiota on the development of liver-resident natural killer cells

Are medical record front page data suitable for risk adjustment in hospital performance measurement? Development and validation of a risk model of in-hospital mortality after acute myocardial infarction

Objectives To develop a model of in-hospital mortality using medical record front page (MRFP) data and assess its validity in case-mix standardisation by comparison with a model developed using the complete medical record data.Design A nationally representative retrospective study.Setting Representative hospitals in China, covering 161 hospitals in modelling cohort and 156 hospitals in validation cohort.Participants Representative patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction. 8370 patients in modelling cohort and 9704 patients in validation cohort.Primary outcome measures In-hospital mortality, which was defined explicitly as death that occurred during hospitalisation, and the hospital-level risk standardised mortality rate (RSMR).Results A total of 14 variables were included in the model predicting in-hospital mortality based on MRFP data, with the area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 among modelling cohort and 0.79 among validation cohort. The median of absolute difference between the hospital RSMR predicted by hierarchical generalised linear models established based on MRFP data and complete medical record data, which was built as ‘reference model’, was 0.08% (10th and 90th percentiles: −1.8% and 1.6%). In the regression model comparing the RSMR between two models, the slope and intercept of the regression equation is 0.90 and 0.007 in modelling cohort, while 0.85 and 0.010 in validation cohort, which indicated that the evaluation capability from two models were very similar.Conclusions The models based on MRFP data showed good discrimination and calibration capability, as well as similar risk prediction effect in comparison with the model based on complete medical record data, which proved that MRFP data could be suitable for risk adjustment in hospital performance measurement