Temperature and Field Dependence of Magnetic Domains in La1.2_{1.2}Sr1.8_{1.8}Mn2_2O7_7

Colossal magnetoresistance and field-induced ferromagnetism are well documented in manganite compounds. Since domain wall resistance contributes to magnetoresistance, data on the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the ferromagnetic domain structure are required for a full understanding of the magnetoresistive effect. Here we show, using cryogenic Magnetic Force Microscopy, domain structures for the layered manganite La$_{1.2}$Sr$_{1.8}$Mn$_2$O$_7$ as a function of temperature and magnetic field. Domain walls are suppressed close to the Curie temperature T$_C$, and appear either via the application of a c-axis magnetic field, or by decreasing the temperature further. At temperatures well below T$_C$, new domain walls, stable at zero field, can be formed by the application of a c-axis field. Magnetic structures are seen also at temperatures above T$_C$: these features are attributed to inclusions of additional Ruddleston-Popper manganite phases. Low-temperature domain walls are nucleated by these ferromagnetic inclusions.Comment: 6 figure

DESAIN SISTEM PENILAIAN KINERJA RESTORAN PIPE AND BARREL SURABAYA

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya sistem penilaian kinerja pada suatu badan usaha guna mengukur kinerja setiap individu yang ada dan mempermudah badan usaha tersebut untuk mengeluarkan keputusankeputusan yang bersangkutan dengan kepentingan karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi dan wawancara. Objek penelitian ini adalah Restoran Pipe and Barrel dengan jabatan bagian operasional saja yakni, Manajer Operasional, Petugas Bar dan Petugas Pramusaji. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Desain Sistem Penilaian Kinerja yang belum tersedia pada Restoran Pipe and Barrel dimana dimasa mendatang dapat diterapkan dan berfungsi sepenuhnya. Kata kunci: Desain, Penilaian Kinerja, Operasional, Sistem Abstract - The purpose of this research is to know the importance of business entity’s Performance Appraisal System to appraise induvidual performance and facilitate business entity in order to make desicions that related to employee interest. This research use qualitative approach with observation and interview methods. The object of this research is Pipe and Barrel Restaurant operational position, such as Operational Manager, Bar and Waitress. The result of this research is a Performance Appraisal Design System that not yet applied in Pipe and Barrel Restaurant, which is can be applied and fully functional in the future. Keywords: Design, Performance Appraisal, Operational, Syste

DESAIN SISTEM PENILAIAN KINERJA RESTORAN PIPE AND BARREL SURABAYA

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya sistem penilaian kinerja pada suatu badan usaha guna mengukur kinerja setiap individu yang ada dan mempermudah badan usaha tersebut untuk mengeluarkan keputusankeputusan yang bersangkutan dengan kepentingan karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi dan wawancara. Objek penelitian ini adalah Restoran Pipe and Barrel dengan jabatan bagian operasional saja yakni, Manajer Operasional, Petugas Bar dan Petugas Pramusaji. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Desain Sistem Penilaian Kinerja yang belum tersedia pada Restoran Pipe and Barrel dimana dimasa mendatang dapat diterapkan dan berfungsi sepenuhnya. Kata kunci: Desain, Penilaian Kinerja, Operasional, Sistem Abstract - The purpose of this research is to know the importance of business entity’s Performance Appraisal System to appraise induvidual performance and facilitate business entity in order to make desicions that related to employee interest. This research use qualitative approach with observation and interview methods. The object of this research is Pipe and Barrel Restaurant operational position, such as Operational Manager, Bar and Waitress. The result of this research is a Performance Appraisal Design System that not yet applied in Pipe and Barrel Restaurant, which is can be applied and fully functional in the future. Keywords: Design, Performance Appraisal, Operational, Syste

DESAIN SISTEM PENILAIAN KINERJA RESTORAN PIPE AND BARREL SURABAYA

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya sistem penilaian kinerja pada suatu badan usaha guna mengukur kinerja setiap individu yang ada dan mempermudah badan usaha tersebut untuk mengeluarkan keputusankeputusan yang bersangkutan dengan kepentingan karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi dan wawancara. Objek penelitian ini adalah Restoran Pipe and Barrel dengan jabatan bagian operasional saja yakni, Manajer Operasional, Petugas Bar dan Petugas Pramusaji. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Desain Sistem Penilaian Kinerja yang belum tersedia pada Restoran Pipe and Barrel dimana dimasa mendatang dapat diterapkan dan berfungsi sepenuhnya. Kata kunci: Desain, Penilaian Kinerja, Operasional, Sistem Abstract - The purpose of this research is to know the importance of business entity’s Performance Appraisal System to appraise induvidual performance and facilitate business entity in order to make desicions that related to employee interest. This research use qualitative approach with observation and interview methods. The object of this research is Pipe and Barrel Restaurant operational position, such as Operational Manager, Bar and Waitress. The result of this research is a Performance Appraisal Design System that not yet applied in Pipe and Barrel Restaurant, which is can be applied and fully functional in the future. Keywords: Design, Performance Appraisal, Operational, Syste

Negative thermal expansion in the plateau state of a magnetically-frustrated spinel

We report on negative thermal expansion (NTE) in the high-field, half-magnetization plateau phase of the frustrated magnetic insulator CdCr2O4. Using dilatometry, we precisely map the phase diagram at fields of up to 30T, and identify a strong NTE associated with the collinear half-magnetization plateau for B > 27T. The resulting phase diagram is compared with a microscopic theory for spin-lattice coupling, and the origin of the NTE is identified as a large negative change in magnetization with temperature, coming from a nearly-localised band of spin excitations in the plateau phase. These results provide useful guidelines for the discovery of new NTE materials.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Parallelizing Synthesis from Temporal Logic Specifications by Identifying Equicontrollable States

For the synthesis of correct-by-construction control policies from temporal logic specifications the scalability of the synthesis algorithms is often a bottleneck. In this paper, we parallelize synthesis from specifications in the GR(1) fragment of linear temporal logic by introducing a hierarchical procedure that allows decoupling of the fixpoint computations. The state space is partitioned into equicontrollable sets using solutions to parametrized games that arise from decomposing the original GR(1) game into smaller reachability-persistence games. Following the partitioning, another synthesis problem is formulated for composing the strategies from the decomposed reachability games. The formulation guarantees that composing the synthesized controllers ensures satisfaction of the given GR(1) property. Experiments with robot planning problems demonstrate good performance of the approach

PHYCOERYTHROCYANINS FROM Westiellopsis prolifica AND Nostoc rivulare: CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PHYCOVIOLOBILIN CHROMOPHORE IN BOTH STATES

Phycoerythrocyanin or fractions enriched in it have been isolated from the filamentous cyanobacteria, Westiellopsis prolifica ARM 365 and Nostoc rivulare ARM 212. Both show the photoreversible photochromism (difference maxima at 503 and 570 nm) characteristic of this pigment, which is related to the phycoviolobilin chromophore on the α-subunit. Native phycoerythrocyanin and its β-subunit show little if any reversible photochemistry in the 600–620 nm region, where the phycocyanobilin chromophores absorb maximally. Instead the phycocyanobilin chromophores are bleached irreversibly. At the same time, the data show that reversible photochemistry is a useful analytical tool to detect phycoerythrocyanin in cyanobacterial extracts. Fluorescence measurements indicate that: (i) the 510 nm absorbing isomer of the violobilin chromophore has only little fluorescence; and (ii) the energy transfer from the violobilin chromophores to the cyanin chromophores is efficient only in the 570 nm form

Kaehler Manifolds of Quasi-Constant Holomorphic Sectional Curvatures

The Kaehler manifolds of quasi-constant holomorphic sectional curvatures are introduced as Kaehler manifolds with complex distribution of codimension two, whose holomorphic sectional curvature only depends on the corresponding point and the geometric angle, associated with the section. A curvature identity characterizing such manifolds is found. The biconformal group of transformations whose elements transform Kaehler metrics into Kaehler ones is introduced and biconformal tensor invariants are obtained. This makes it possible to classify the manifolds under consideration locally. The class of locally biconformal flat Kaehler metrics is shown to be exactly the class of Kaehler metrics whose potential function is only a function of the distance from the origin in complex Euclidean space. Finally we show that any rotational even dimensional hypersurface carries locally a natural Kaehler structure, which is of quasi-constant holomorphic sectional curvatures.Comment: 36 page

Petri net modelling of bridge asset management using maintenance-related state conditions

Bridge structures are an important part of the UK transportation network. They are also experiencing increasing rates of deterioration due to the increasing traffic volume and load intensity. Available bridge models have many restrictions due to the assumptions of the analytical method used and the means by which the model states are defined to represent the condition of the structure. These models also lack the complexity to allow detailed maintenance and renewal options to be explored. This paper presents a bridge model developed based on the Petri net (PN) approach. The method allows for detailed modelling of the individual components in the structure whilst maintaining the size of the analytical problem to a manageable size and resulting in an efficient analysis. The bridge model is formed from sub-models of each of the bridge components and takes into consideration the component deterioration process, the interaction and dependency between different component deterioration processes, along with the inspection and maintenance processes. The model states are defined based on actual degraded component conditions which they experience. It is therefore easy to relate these to the appropriate maintenance options. This gives a considerable advantage over those models based on the condition scores or ratings. The state residence times between changes in state resulting from deterioration and maintenance are governed by appropriate Weibull distributions. Thus, avoiding the restriction of constant failure rates used in Markov approaches which are rarely appropriate to model deteriorating asset conditions. The application of the model is demonstrated on a typical bridge structure where the PN model is solved using Monte Carlo simulation, the model results are also presented and discussed